OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and the value of Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy, and to evaluate the possibility whether to replace abdominal hysterectomy to LAVH. METHOD: A retrospective study of the surgical procedure was performed by one team with one experienced laparoscopist. The operations were carried out in a private hospital, where operative laparoscopic set was available. All 500 patients underwent LAVH from March 1998 to March 1999 at the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eun hospital. Patients were required hysterectomy for uterine fibroid, chronic pelvic pain and carcinoma in situ of cervix,. etc. RESULTS: The average operating time was 56.4+/-11.8 minutes, and the mean estimated postoperative hemoglobin loss was 0.62+/-1.0 g/dL. The mean uterine weight was 223.9+/-129.7 gram (range from 60gram to 800gram). The most common pathologic finding was adenomyosis(59.6%),and the second most pathologic findig was uterine fibroid(47%). No serious complications occured, but 3 vault hematoma cases occured. The combined procedures were salpingoophorectomy, adhesiolysis, and anterior or posterior colporrhaphy, etc. CONCLUSIONS: LAVH that has been possible to replace abdominal hysterectomy, may be valuable for gynecologic uterine diseases, but the experience is important for laparoscopic surgery. The learning curve influences the results of surgery and incidence of complications. Therefore the procedure may only be carried out by experienced laparoscopists, then the maximum value and advantages of laparoscopic surgery can be obtained. Our experience indicates that LAVH is to reduce almost all incidence of abdominal hysterectomy(0.4%)
Carcinoma in Situ ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Gynecology ; Hematoma ; Hospitals, Private ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal* ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy ; Learning Curve ; Leiomyoma ; Obstetrics ; Pelvic Pain ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Diseases

Unstable Colles' fractures have an inherent capacity for loss of reduction or shortening, or both. The istability can be recognized by the presence of much comminution, severe dorsal angulation(20 degrees or more), or extensive intra-articular involvement. It is difficult to align the fracture fragments and to maintain the reduction. In twenty-nine patients with unstable Colles' fracture from Jan. 1982 to Mar. 1984, several invasive methods were used. The results were as follows: 1. Among 147 patients with Colles' fractures 29 patients(19.7%) had unstable fractures. 2. Colles' fracture was occurred more frequently in women(77%) and in 6th and 7th decades(56%). Unstable fractures showed no significant age and sex related propencity. 3. Mechanism of injury caused unstable Colles' fractures were fall on the outstretched hand(25 patients), traffic accident(3 patients) and crushing injury(1 patient). Open fractures were shown in 4 patients among the unstable fractures. 4. Most of the unstable fractures were comprised of type VII and VIII(49%) but type I and II fractures with marked comminution or displacement also showed instability. 5. Complications were such as, redisplacement of the fractures, temporary neuropathy of the median nerve, compartment syndrome, Sudeck's atrophy, and shoulder-hand syndrome. 6. Overall assessments showed excellent in 4 patients, good in 16 patients, fair in 7 patients and poor in 2 patients. 7. Overall results were mainly correlated with initial severity of the injury and anatomical restoration of the fractures.
Atrophy ; Colles' Fracture ; Compartment Syndromes ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Radius ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy

Arthrography is an invaluable procedure in critically verifyging the concentricity of closed reduction and the optimum position of stability. And it is known to be the most accurate and certain way of demonstrating lesser degrees of incongruity. It can visualize the intrinsic obstructive fractors, such as capsular attachment, the labrum, the psoas tendon and its relationship to the joint, the pulvinar, ligamentum teres, the inferior transverse ligament, and the shape of the femoral head and acetabulum. We analyzed 20 cases of congenital dislocation of the hip in 17 patients, which had been evaluated by arthrography. The results are as follows: 1. We found the inferior approach very efficient among many kinds of arthrographic techniques. 2. Among 20 cases, 12 cases could be treated with closed reduction and 8 cases were treated by open reduction such as capsuloplasty, partial limbusectomy, and removal of space occupying lesion in acetabulum, including 2 cases of Salter's innominate osteotomy and 1 case of derotational osteotomy. 3. Among the intracapsular obstructive factors which played major role in hindering closed reduction, capsular constriction was shown in 8 case, inverted or hypertrophic limbus in 5 cases, and other space occupying lesions in 2 cases. 4. We performed combined operation including bone and soft tissue for severe extra- and intracapsular lesions and closed reduction for mild to moderate extra- and intracapsular lesions. 5. Arthrography of the hip joint was indispensable in evaluating the intracapsular osstructive lesions as well as detecting the subtle incongruent reduction.
Acetabulum ; Arthrography ; Constriction ; Dislocations ; Head ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Humans ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Osteotomy ; Pulvinar ; Round Ligaments ; Tendons

For the nonunion of humeral shaft, there have been many methods of treatment. We are aimed to analyse the causes of nonunion of humeral shaft fracture and present the direction of treatment. We reviewed total 21 cases which were diagnosed as delayed or nonunion of humeral shaft and analysed the causes. l. Initial method of treatment was surgical in 19 out of 21 cases. Among these 19 cases, 14 cases were operated with internal fixation with plate and screw. 2. The most common cause of nonunion was inadequate internal fixation in 26 cases(81%) in which were unstable fixation in 13 cases, choice of inadequate internal fixator in 11 cases, and failure of operative technique in 2 cases. Other causes were distraction between fracture fragments in 4 cases(13%) and open comminuted fracture in 2 cases. 3. Eighteen cases of established nonunion due to inadequate internal fixation were treated by rigid fixation with longer and broader plate and bone graft, and 1 case interlocking IM nailing, 1 case Ender nailing and 1 case bone graft only. 4. Union was obtained in all cases at least in 5 months. And there were no specific complications. In conclusion, surgeons should contemplate the operative indication and principles in primary treatment. In treatment of nonunion, surgeons should treat by more longer and broder internal fixator and additional bone graft.
Fractures, Comminuted ; Humerus ; Internal Fixators ; Methods ; Surgeons ; Transplants

This study was performed to observe the therapeutic effects of interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma) and gamma-globulin(gamma-globulin) in experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia of immune suppressed mice. After 9 weeks, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMZ; 10-50 mg/mouse/day), mouse IFN-gamma(5 x 10(4) units/mouse/day) and mouse gamma-globulin(20 mg/mouse/day) were administered to the mice for 3 weeks by the experimental group. The therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by body weights, histopathologic and electron microscopic findings of the lungs, and number of P. carinii cysts by Gomori's methenamine silver stain. Body weights of the mice were significantly increased in the group of combination therapy of TMP-SMZ with IFN-gamma or gamma-globulin, and in the group of TMP-SMZ treatment (p < 0.05), however, little effect was found in the group of gamma-globulin alone. Histopathologic findings of P. carinii pneumonia were much improved in the group of combination therapy of TMP-SMZ with IFN-gamma. Treatment with either TMP-SMZ or IFN-gamma significantly reduced the number of cysts in the P. carinii pneumonia, but gamma-globulin alone was ineffective. In electron microscopic findings of P. carinii pneumonia, the number of trophozoites and cysts were reduced by treatment with either TMP-SMZ or IFN-gamma, and most of the cysts were empty or containing one or two intracystic bodies. The present results suggested, that combination therapy of TMP-SMZ with IFN-gamma had synergistic effects in treatment of P. carinii pneumonia in experimental mice.
Drug-Synergism ; Drug-Therapy,-Combination ; English-Abstract ; Gamma-Globulins-administration-and-dosage ; Interferon-Type-II-administration-and-dosage ; Mice- ; Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole-Combination-administration-and-dosage ; *Gamma-Globulins-therapeutic-use ; *Interferon-Type-II-therapeutic-use ; *Pneumonia,-Pneumocystis-carinii-therapy ; Gamma-Globulins ; Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole-Combination ; Interferon-Type-II

In general. femoral neck fracture in young adult presents poor prognosis due to the high velocity injury, high angle shear fracture, and poor candidate for arthroplasty. In addition to the relative rarity of the injury, the high incidence of aseptic necrosis and nonunion have been reported in the management of these fractures. 25 cases of femoral neck fracture in young adult were treated with multiple pinning and analyzed at Sung-Ae general hospital from 1987 to 1994 after 28 months follow up in average with review of charts, X-ray and clinical result. There were 18 male and 7 female, 5 cases of them had significant polytrauma to other organs or skeletal system, authors tried to treat them as soon as possible to decrease the interval time between fracture and fixation (the average time was 39.7 hours.) Union occurred in all of Garden stage I (4 cases) and II (4 cases), but in Garden stage III (7 among 8 cases) and IV (7 among 9 cases) the union rate was lower. Average union time was 16.5 weeks. The incidence of complications (12%, 3 among 25 cases) was higher in displaced fractures group (Garden stage III, IV) and also in poorly reduced group of Garden’s alignment index. In conclusion, the prognosis of femoral neck fractures in young adult was related with mainly initial reduction and rigid fixation than the initial injury.
Agriculture ; Arthroplasty ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; Necrosis ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature*

PURPOSE: The purposes of this article are to identify CT findings distinguishing nasal polyps, that are the most common cause of the nasal polypiod lesions, from other nasal cavity masses and to identify differential points between benign and malignant masses of nasal cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We classified 567 cases of pathologically proved nasal cavity masses into 4 different groups on CT according to the sites of origin and surrounding bone changes. RESULT: The nasal polyps were the most common cause of nasal cavity masses(515/567). Group I had a high diagnostic specificity for the nasal polyps (513/515, 99.6%) although inverted papilloma (8/522) and malignant melanoma(1/522) showed similar CT appearances. The representitive nasal mass of Group Ila was the inverted papilloma (15/24, 66.5% of the inverted papilloma). Group III pattern was seen in 3 cases of benign minor salivary gland tumor and 2 cases of pyogenic granuloma. Group IV suggested malignancy and thus was mostly observed in malignant tumors except I case of inverted papilloma and 1 case of granulomatous necrosis. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis between nasal polyps and the other nasal cavity masses is possible by characteristic bone changes and their sites of origin revealed on CT. In addition, it is possible to differentiate malignant masses from benign in most cases.
Diagnosis, Differential* ; Granuloma, Pyogenic ; Nasal Cavity* ; Nasal Polyps* ; Necrosis ; Papilloma, Inverted ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The fungus aspergillus can cause a variety of pulmonary disorders. Aspergilloma is a noninvasive aspergillus colonization of virtually any type of preexisting pulmonary cavity or Cystic space. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is serious, usually fatal infection in patients being treated with immunosuppressants or who have chronic debilitating disease. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is charaterized clinically by asthma, blood and sputum eosinophilia and positive immunologic reaction to aspergillus antigen. Awareness of the radio-graphic and CT findings of pulmonary aspergillosis is important in making the diagnosis of aspergillus-caused pulmonary disorders. In this pictorial essay, we illustrated various radiological findings of pulmonary aspergillosis focused on CT findings correlated with gross pathologic specimens.
Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary ; Aspergillus ; Asthma ; Colon ; Diagnosis ; Eosinophilia ; Fungi ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis* ; Sputum

The fungus aspergillus can cause a variety of pulmonary disorders. Aspergilloma is a noninvasive aspergillus colonization of virtually any type of preexisting pulmonary cavity or Cystic space. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is serious, usually fatal infection in patients being treated with immunosuppressants or who have chronic debilitating disease. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis is charaterized clinically by asthma, blood and sputum eosinophilia and positive immunologic reaction to aspergillus antigen. Awareness of the radio-graphic and CT findings of pulmonary aspergillosis is important in making the diagnosis of aspergillus-caused pulmonary disorders. In this pictorial essay, we illustrated various radiological findings of pulmonary aspergillosis focused on CT findings correlated with gross pathologic specimens.
Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary ; Aspergillus ; Asthma ; Colon ; Diagnosis ; Eosinophilia ; Fungi ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis* ; Sputum