Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of remote robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery utilizing 5G technology. Methods Clinical data from five patients who underwent 5G remote robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery at the Thoracic Surgery Center of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital from May to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Finally, five patients were included. There were 2 males and 3 females at median age of 50 (42-63) years. All five surgeries (including 1 patient of lobectomy, 3 patients of partial lung resection and 1 patient of mediastinal lesion resection) were successfully completed without conversion to thoracotomy, complications, or mortality. The median intraoperative signal delay across the patients was 39 (37-42) ms. The median psychological load score for the surgeons was 9 (3-13). The median operation time was 100 (80-122) minutes with a median intraoperative blood loss of 100 (30-200) mL. Catheter drainage lasted a median of 4 (3-5) days, and the median drainage volumes on the first, second, and third postoperative day were 200 (100-300) mL, 150 (60-220) mL, and 80 (30-180) mL, respectively. The median postoperative hospital stay was 4 (3-7) days, and the median pain scores on the third postoperative day were 3 (1-4), 3 (0-3), and 1 (0-3), respectively. Conclusion 5G remote robot-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is safe and effective, with good surgical experience, smooth operation and small intraoperative delay.

Ferroptosis is closely related to iron metabolism,lipid metabolism,and amino acid metabolism,which contribute to the production of reactive oxygen species,mitochondrial damage,and cell death.Ferroptosis has recently been recognized as a key regulatory mechanism during tumor development,including in acute leukemia.This review considers the inhibitory effects of drugs on the occurrence and development of acute leukemia,by regulating key proteins or factors involved in the above three metabolic pathways of ferroptosis and by interfering with the production of lipid peroxides.We also point out the deficiencies in current research and describe the role of ferroptosis in acute leukemia.The application of these findings in clinical trials will provide new ideas for future research and the treatment of leukemia.

Ischemic stroke is a disease resulting from the cerebral ischemia and hypoxia caused by the blockage of brain vessels in the brain,and is characterized by the focal neurological signs.Pathologically,neuronal necrosis in the infarcted area and the neuronal degeneration or delayed death of neurons in the ischemic penumbra,contribute to the morphological basis of the disease.Ischemic stroke is regulated by multiple processes,including ferroptosis,apoptosis,and autophagy.Ferroptosis,a type of iron-dependent cell death,is closely associated with ischemic stroke.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),a key transcription factor,plays a critical role in maintaining cellular redox balance and regulating inflammatory responses.Nrf2 promotes the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),thereby activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway to counteract ferroptosis and protect cells from damage.This article reviews and analyzes recent experimental studies on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)therapy targeting the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway to suppress ferroptosis.The studies have found that TCM therapy with herbal compounds,Chinese patent medicines,single herbal components and their active ingredients,and acupuncture and moxibustion can inhibit ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway,which will provide novel strategies for the TCM intervention of ischemic stroke.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus sequential chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods The relevant literature was searched in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases from the inception to October 15, 2023, and the literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis of the literature, and the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Results Finally, 14 randomized controlled studies were included covering a total of 1048 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that the overall response rate [OR=2.39, 95%CI (1.83, 3.11)], 1-year survival rate [OR=1.81, 95%CI (1.39, 2.35)], 2-year survival rate [OR=1.75, 95%CI (1.27, 2.42)] and 3-year survival rate [OR=2.33, 95%CI (1.49, 3.66)] were superior to sequential chemoradiotherapy (P<0.001). In terms of safety, concurrent chemoradiotherapy increased the incidence of radiation esophagitis (P<0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the incidence of leukopenia and radiation pneumonia (P>0.05). Conclusion For patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, the short-term efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy is better than that of sequential chemoradiotherapy and can improve the 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates, but the toxic side effects of the treatment are slightly greater than those of the sequential chemoradiotherapy.

BACKGROUND:Sinomenine hydrochloride has anti-tumor effects,but it is rarely reported in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the inhibitory effect of sinomenine hydrochloride on CEM cells in acute T lymphoblastic leukemia.METHODS:Different concentrations(0.5,1,2 and 4 mmol/L)of sinomenine hydrochloride were used to act on CEM cells.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the inhibition rate of cell proliferation and calculate the IC50.Inverted microscope and Giemsa staining were used to observe the changes of CEM cells.The RNA sequencing was performed to analyze the differential gene expression and biological information.Combined with transcriptome sequencing analysis results,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of CEM cells after treatment with of different concentrations(1,2,and 4 mmol/L)of sinomenine hydrochloride.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2,Bax,and Caspase-9 proteins in CEM cells after treatment with of different concentrations(1,2,and 4 mmol/L)of sinomenine hydrochloride.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Sinomenine hydrochloride inhibited the growth of CEM cells in dose and time-dependent manner.(2)After dosing,the number of CEM cells decreased and pyknosis appeared.(3)RNA sequencing revealed 53 differential expressed genes.Gene Ontology was significantly enriched in cellular process,cellular anatomical entities,and binding.Signaling pathway analysis related to tumor was apoptosis.(4)Sinomenine hydrochloride induced the apoptosis of CEM cell in a concentration-dependent manner.(5)Sinomenine hydrochloride could promote the expressions of Bax and Caspase-9,but restrain the expression of Bcl-2 in CEM cells.Therefore,sinomenine hydrochloride can induce apoptosis in CEM cells and suppress cell proliferation,maybe via up-regulation of the protein levels of Bax and caspase-9 and down-regulation of the protein level of Bcl-2.

Ferroptosis is closely related to iron metabolism,lipid metabolism,and amino acid metabolism,which contribute to the production of reactive oxygen species,mitochondrial damage,and cell death.Ferroptosis has recently been recognized as a key regulatory mechanism during tumor development,including in acute leukemia.This review considers the inhibitory effects of drugs on the occurrence and development of acute leukemia,by regulating key proteins or factors involved in the above three metabolic pathways of ferroptosis and by interfering with the production of lipid peroxides.We also point out the deficiencies in current research and describe the role of ferroptosis in acute leukemia.The application of these findings in clinical trials will provide new ideas for future research and the treatment of leukemia.

BACKGROUND:Sinomenine hydrochloride has anti-tumor effects,but it is rarely reported in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the inhibitory effect of sinomenine hydrochloride on CEM cells in acute T lymphoblastic leukemia.METHODS:Different concentrations(0.5,1,2 and 4 mmol/L)of sinomenine hydrochloride were used to act on CEM cells.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the inhibition rate of cell proliferation and calculate the IC50.Inverted microscope and Giemsa staining were used to observe the changes of CEM cells.The RNA sequencing was performed to analyze the differential gene expression and biological information.Combined with transcriptome sequencing analysis results,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of CEM cells after treatment with of different concentrations(1,2,and 4 mmol/L)of sinomenine hydrochloride.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2,Bax,and Caspase-9 proteins in CEM cells after treatment with of different concentrations(1,2,and 4 mmol/L)of sinomenine hydrochloride.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Sinomenine hydrochloride inhibited the growth of CEM cells in dose and time-dependent manner.(2)After dosing,the number of CEM cells decreased and pyknosis appeared.(3)RNA sequencing revealed 53 differential expressed genes.Gene Ontology was significantly enriched in cellular process,cellular anatomical entities,and binding.Signaling pathway analysis related to tumor was apoptosis.(4)Sinomenine hydrochloride induced the apoptosis of CEM cell in a concentration-dependent manner.(5)Sinomenine hydrochloride could promote the expressions of Bax and Caspase-9,but restrain the expression of Bcl-2 in CEM cells.Therefore,sinomenine hydrochloride can induce apoptosis in CEM cells and suppress cell proliferation,maybe via up-regulation of the protein levels of Bax and caspase-9 and down-regulation of the protein level of Bcl-2.

Objective:This work developed a novel and convenient detection method which realized rapid and sensitive detection of the viral nucleic acid.Methods:Here we established a novel nucleic acid detection method based on a graphene field effect transistor (g-FET). By anchoring a chemical molecule on the sensing interface and then modifying with the highly sensitive DNA tetrahedral probes, it realized accomplish highly sensitive detection of the viral nucleic acid. By measuring the transfer curve of the devices, it can make the biological signal of the hybridization for the probe molecule and the target RNA converted into an electrical signal of the g-FET devices. Then through the signal amplification of the field effect transistor (FET) device, it realized a high-sensitive detection of the viral RNA.Results:The DNA tetrahedron probe we designed was targeted at the ORF1 ab gene region of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) RNA. The target RNA was hybridized and bound by the principle of base-pair complementation. Then we tested the 2019-nCoV simulative RNA samples with different concentrations in saliva, when the concentration of target RNA increased, the Dirac point of the devices presented a regular leftward offset. The limited of detection concentration of this sensor can reach 0.05 copy/μl, and the response time was shorter than 5 minutes in 100 μl volume of tested liquid. Conclusions:In this work, we developed a novel g-FET sensor based on DNA tetrahedral probes, which realized a rapid and sensitive detection of viral nucleic acid.

Objective:This study aimed to develop a promising transistor assay for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) antigen detection with easiness, high sensitivity and rapid response.Methods:A graphene field effect transistor (GFET) sensor with the channel material modified with antibody probes was fabricated. Transfer curves were measured at different 2019-nCoV spike protein concentrations to evaluate the validity and sensitivity of the method.Results:The antibody probes were successfully anchored on the graphene through linker molecules to ensure specificity and precision of this technique. Electrical measurements of the device showed a detectable concentration down to 3.6×10 -17 g/ml within a response time as short as 3 minutes. Conclusions:A sensitive, efficient and simple method for 2019-nCoV antigen detection through GFET was preliminarily established.

Objective:To analyze the change rules of quantitative parameters of magnetic resonance-perfusion weighted imaging (MR-PWI) in cynomolgus monkeys with different degrees of liver fibrosis, and to explore the best parameter of MR-PWI in evaluating the severity of liver fibrosis.Methods:Liver fibrosis models of twenty-two cynomolgus monkeys were successfully established by subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride and feeding with high-fat food. Among them, 15 cynomolgus monkeys developed into early liver cirrhosis (stage S4 of liver fibrosis). Compatibility group design was adopted, the comparative study on MR-PWI of exchange double blood supply model of liver was carried out in these 15 cynomolgus monkeys with a complete development process of liver fibrosis. The quantitative parameters of MR-PWI included endothelial transfer constant ( ktrans), reflux rate constant ( kep), extravascular extracellular space fractional volume ( ve), fractional plasma volume ( vp) and hepatic artery perfusion index (HPI). The change rules of the above parameters and their correlation with the severity of hepatic fibrosis were analyzed. The best parameter of MR-PWI was explored. Compatibility group design (randomized block design), analysis of variance, SNK- q test, Spearman rank correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results:ktrans and kep of MR-PWI of cynomolgus monkeys decreased along with the progress of hepatic fibrosis, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=685.228, 99.718, both P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences between each stage of hepatic fibrosis (S1 to S4) and normal liver tissue (S0) ((0.527±0.038), (0.479±0.035), (0.432±0.032) and (0.387±0.031) mL/min vs.(0.584±0.044) mL/min, all P<0.01; (2.193±0.307), (1.997±0.301), (1.624±0.174) and (1.532±0.130) mL/min vs. (2.565±0.482) mL/min, all P<0.01). There were statistically significant in ktrans and kep between stage S3, S4 severe liver fibrosis and stage S1 mild liver fibrosis, stage S2 moderate liver fibrosis (all P<0.01), however there were no statistically significant differences between stage S3 and stage S4 liver fibrosis, between stage S1 and stage S2 liver fibrosis (all P>0.05). Along with the development of the severity of liver fibrosis, HPIs increased gradually, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=839.883, P<0.01). The HPIs of stage S0 to S4 were 0.244±0.022, 0.317±0.035, 0.421±0.046, 0.546±0.043 and 0.651±0.058, respectively, and there were statistically significant differences between groups (all P<0.01). Along with the progression of the severity of liver fibrosis, vp decreased while ve increased gradually, but there were no statistically significant differences among groups (all P>0.05). The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that ktrans and kep were negatively correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis ( rs=-0.875 and -0.797, both P<0.01), however HPI was positively correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis ( rs=0.959, P<0.01). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that area under curves (AUCs) of ktrans, kep and HPI in the diagnosis of early cirrhosis were 0.852 (95% CI 0.767 to 0.937), 0.799 (95% CI 0.700 to 0.897) and 0.967 (95% CI 0.932 to 1.002), respectively. The best cut-off values were 0.395 mL/min, 1.561 mL/min and 0.590, respectively. The sensitivity was 86.7%, 79.6% and 97.4%, respectively and the specificity was 77.4%, 71.9% and 93.1%, respectively. The thresholds of HPI in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis at stage S1, stage S2, stage S3 and stage S4 were 0.291, 0.376, 0.503 and 0.590, respectively; the sensitivity was 95.7%, 93.8% and 94.4% and 97.4%, respectively and the specificity was 89.5%, 84.7%, 91.3% and 92.7%, respectively. Conclusions:The parameters of MR-PWI change regularly with the development of liver fibrosis in the cynomolgus monkey model, among which HPI is the best parameter for quantitative evaluation of the severity of liver fibrosis.