Objective To investigate the application effect of the ankle foot orthoses (AFO)in the rehabilitation of patients with hemiplegia and abnormal gait after stroke Methods Sixty consecutive stroked patients with hemiplegia admitted to Meizhou People′s Hospital,Guagdong Province from January in 2013 to June in 2015 were enrolled retrospectively,and they were divided into either an AFO group or a non-AFO group (n = 30 in each group)according to the odd or even admission numbers. The patients in the non-AFO group were treated with conventional rehabilitation training and those in the AFO group were treated with AFO. Before and after treatment,the Berg balance scale (BBS)was used to assess the balance ability of the patients,10 m maximum walking speed (MWS)was used to assess the walking speed of the patients,and the physiological cost index (PCI)was used to assess the walking efficiency of the patients. Results After treatment,there was significant difference in Brunnstrom grade between the AFO group and the non-AFO group (P < 0. 05). The BBS score and MWS of the patients in the AFO group were 39 ± 5 and 0. 97 ± 0. 38 m/ s respectively after treatment,and they were higher than those before treatment (33 ± 4 and 0. 28 ± 0. 07 m/ s)and those of non-AFO group (36 ± 4 and 0. 54 ± 0. 31 m/ s)after treatment. There were significant differences (all P <0. 05). The PCI was 0. 84 ± 0. 30 in the AFO group after treatment was 0. 84 ± 0. 30. It was lower than that before treatment (1. 32 ± 0. 31)and that of non-AFO after treatment (0. 96 ±0. 33). There was significant difference (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion The application of APO in stroked patients with hemiplegia and abnormal gait has better clinical efficacy. It can significantly im-prove the balance state of patients and improve the walking speed and efficiency.

Breast cancer is the principal cause of death in malig-nancy women , usually treated with the combination of surgery , chemotherapy , radiotherapy and endocrinotherapy .With the de-velopment of cell biology , molecular biology , immunology, im-munotherapy becomes a new field of breast cancer treatment .In this review, we discuss new findings in breast cancer immuno-therapy , including recent successes with bispecific antibodies and immune checkpoint blockade .We also discuss therapeutic cancer vaccines and highlight several additional immunotherapy modalities in early stages of development .

Background and purpose:Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for human activities, and plays an incomparable role in maintaining human health. It was reported that selenium compound 1,4-bis[2-(benzylse-lanyl)ethoxy] (BSEA) anthracene has antiseptic and antiphlogistic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying anti-cancer effects of BSEA are rarely reported. BSEA-induced apoptosis in human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and its mechanisms were studied.Methods:Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to determine inhibition ratio of Hep-2 cells 24 hours after Hep-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of BSEA. Fluorescence microscope was used to observe the morphology change of apoptosis in Hep-2 cells. The apoptosis was detected by Annexin Ⅴ-FITC. Mi-tochondrial membrane potential was assayed by JC-1. Microplate reader detected the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8. The mRNA and protein levels of Bax and XIAP were measured by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) and Western blot.Results:The results showed that BSEA caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2in vitro, andIC50 was 35.74μmol/L. The apoptotic bodies were distinctly observed at a concentration of 80μmol/L of BSEA by AO fluorescence staining. This study found that the eversion of phosphatidyl serine intensified, and mitochondrial membrane potential also began to decline. The activity of caspase-3 appeared the tendency of dependence on dosage, while the activity of caspase-8 did not change significantly. The mRNA and protein expression level of Bax increased, whereas the mRNA and protein expression level of XIAP de-creased.Conclusion:Therefore, BSEA could obviously inhibit human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells proliferation and induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway.

Abstract: To express human-mouse chimeric IgA antibody directed against H5N1 virus, an anti-H5N1 chimeric IgA antibody gene was constructed by joining the light and heavy chain variable region genes and the corresponding signal peptide coding sequences of the anti-H5N1 mouse monoclonal antibody H5N1-HA with the coding sequences of the constant region of the human IgA2 heavy chain and Kappa chain respectively. Then the full-length chimeric light and heavy chain expressing plasmids pEF-IGHA9 and pEF-IGK9 were constructed and transfected into the CHO/dhfr cells. The chimeric IgA antibody expression was confirmed by ELISA, SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The successful expression of this anti-H5N1 chimeric IgA may help to provide a stand for developing passive immunological agents for H5N1 virus infection prophylaxis.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; Antibodies, Viral ; genetics ; CHO Cells ; Chimerism ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; genetics ; immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

Secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies in external secretions play an important role in mucosal immune response. Polymeric SIgA was advantageous over monomeric IgA (mIgA) and IgG in several aspects. To express secretory IgA antibody against H5N1 virus, we constructed the secretory component and immunoglobulin J expressing plasmids and co-transfected the plasmids into the Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) stably expressing immunoglobulin A. Then we used Zeocin to select the positive clone cells, monoclonal cells stably secreting SIgA was screened through fold dilution method at last. The SIgA antibody secreted from the CHO cells was confirmed by Western blotting, which demonstrated that we had got the complete SIgA molecular. The successful expression of this polymeric anti-H5N1 SIgA in CHO cells will contribute to the production of recombinant SIgA as a preventive agent for infectious disease control.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; CHO Cells ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Genetic Vectors ; Immunoglobulin A ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology