As a new technology for rehabilitation training for function disorders, exoskeletons and orthoses are more concerned than before.This article discussed the classification of exoskeletons and orthoses and their application in rehabilitation training, as well as current research status and prospects.

OBJECTIVETo establish a fluorogenic probe quantitative RT-PCR (FQ-RT-PCR) method for detection of bcr/abl mRNA fusion gene expression level in leukemia cells, and provide a useful tool for leukaemia diagnosis and minimal residual disease inspectation.

METHODThe conventional RT-PCR was used to amplify bcr/abl gene from cultured K562 cells, the quantitative standard template was constructed with A-T clone method. The fluo-rogenic quantitative RT-PCR method by using Applied Biosystems 7700 Sequence Detector for detecting the expression of bcr/abl fusion gene was successfully. The sensitivity, stability and repetitiveness of this method was determined. The peripheral blood samples from 14 CML patients, one of whom before and one month after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and 4 cases of ALL in the early stages were detected.

RESULTSThe sensitivity of FQ-RT-PCR for detecting bcr/abl fusion gene was about 10(-5) micro g RNA from K562 cell and 10 copies recombined plasmid. The repetition CT value (cycle threshold) and the coefficient variation (CV) among tubes and batches were 2.0% and 3.7%, respectively. The median bcr/abl fusion gene expression level of 14 CML patients was 5.15 x 10(4) copies/ micro g RNA. The products analyzed by electrophoresis showed that 11 cases were b2a2 and 3 cases b3a2. 1.2 x 10(5) copies/ micro g RNA in one CML patient before BMT was changed to 2.3 x 10(3) copies/ micro g RNA one month after BMT. B2a2 was observed in one of the four (25.0%) patients with ALL, and its level of expression was 8.2 x 10(5) copies/ micro g RNA.

CONCLUSIONThe established FQ-RT-PCR method is sensitive, specific, reliable, accurate and good at repetitiveness. The results expressed in copies were easy for evaluation and comparation. Two different bcr/abl fusion gene form - b2a2, b3a2 can be detected by the method. It can be widely applied to diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease for CML and some ALL patients.

Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; Genes, abl ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To investigate the knowledge and opinions of the staff in community health service centers.Methods Staff in Ganjiang,Jiefang and Nanwai community health service centers of Zhanggong District,Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province were interviewed with questionnaire based on meeting by chance by trained interviewers about their opinions on 10 aspects of community health services.The data were evaluated by score method and factors influencing the score were studied with logistic regression analysis.Results Generally,the staff's evaluation for community health services was high,satisfying with colleagues' cooperation,professional training and service capacities in 95.96% ,90.91% and 88.88% of them,respectively.But their satisfaction with personal income and staff' s income was poor(24.24% and 43.43%).Staff for logistics were not so satisfied with their personal income.Staff for logistics and senior staff were not so active in their professional training.Conclusions The staff in community health service centers could better understand community health services with satisfaction.Incentive mechanism for the staff in community health services should be introduced with optimized management system to increase staff's income and sustain its stable development.

Objective:To determine whether or not shock wave therapy promotes the repair of muscle injury by regulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and/or the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (p-Akt).Methods:Sixty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and a treatment group. A custom-made striker was used to induce blunt contusion in the gastrocnemius muscles of the rats of the model and treatment groups. The normal and model groups were then not given any therapeutic intervention. Twenty-four hours later, the treatment group underwent 500-impulse shockwave treatment at 0.14mJ/mm 2 and 10Hz. That was repeated 4 days later. The injured muscle was sampled on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th day after modeling. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was applied to observe the arrangement of muscle fibers, and the expressions of myostatin, myogenic differentiation antigen 1 (MYOD1), IGF-1 and p-AKTs473 were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results:(1) The staining showed that in the model group the space between the muscle cells was larger than in the normal group. In the treatment group there were more newly-formed mononuclear or multinucleated muscle tubes. The regeneration of skeletal muscle in the treatment group was superior to that in the model group at the same time points. (2) The average myostatin expression of the model group increased significantly compared with the normal group at all the time points, while that of the treatment group had decreased significantly compared with the model group. Moreover, no significant differences were found on the 7th day between the treatment and normal groups. (3) Western blotting showed that the expression of MyoD1 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal group on days 1 and 3, and the expression of MyoD1 in the treatment group was significantly higher than in the model group. The expression levels of IGF-1 and P-AKTS473 in the model group were higher than those in the normal group at the same time point, and the expression levels in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the model group.Conclusion:Extracorporeal shock wave therapy can promote the regeneration and repair of skeletal muscle by regulating IGF-1 and p-AKT levels.

Objective: To explore radiosensitivity-associated genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeted sequencing panel. Methods: The peripheral blood from 22 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients received radiotherapy alone were collected, respectively. The genomic DNA (gDNA) of peripheral blood was extracted and used to create a library of gDNA restriction fragments. The gDNA restriction fragments were hybridized to the HaloPlex probe capture library, which comprises 356 cancer genes selected from the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (Cosmic) database of 2011 updated edition. The sequencing data were aligned by the Genome Analysis Toolkit GATK (version 3.0) and Picar. The single nucleotide polymorphism and inserted-deletion (SNP/InDel) variations were annotated by online database. The pathway enrichment was analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway analysis (IPA). Moreover, according to the short-period curative effect, 22 patients were divided into two groups: the radiation- sensitivity group (CR+ PR) and the radiation-resistant group (PD+ SD). The nonsynonymous mutation sites were statistically analyzed and the genes associated with radiosensitivity of ESCC were screened. Results: More than 97% sequencing reads were aligned to human genome reference sequence and more than 90% sequencing reads were the target sequences. SNP/InDel database annotation results showed that the mutations of 22 cases mainly distributed in exons, and the mutant types were mainly missense and synonymous single nucleotide variant (SNV). There were 23 genes of high-frequency mutation associated with esophageal cancer. Pathway enrichment by IPA showed that 3 pathways were associated with the development of esophageal cancer, which were roles of BRCA1 in DNA damage response pathway, DNA double-strand break repair by non-homologous end joining pathway and ATM signaling pathway. According to the curative effect, five genes including mismatch repair system component (PMS1), fibronectin 1(FN1), mutL homolog 1 (MLH1), B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF), patched 1 (PTCH1) and cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily C member 19 (CYP2C19) were associated with radiosensitivity of ESCC patients.Moreover, the PTCH1 was mutated in all of 22 ESCC patients, while the variations of rs199476092 and rs202111971 sites of PTCH1 were only identified in the radiation-resistant group. Conclusions We find that the variations of rs199476092 and rs202111971 in the encoding region of PTCH1 gene are significantly associated with radiosensitivity of ESCC patients.