Objective To explore the effect of Valpar occupational assessment training system on cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Methods Sixty patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned into Valpar therapy group ( experiment group, n=30) and traditional rehabilitation therapy group ( control group, n=30) according to the order number. The duration of the treatment was six weeks. The brief assess?ment of cognition in schizophrenia ( BACS) and Wisconsin card sorting test ( WCST) were conducted as pre?and post?treatment assessment. Results There were significant differences between scores of BASC in pre?and post?treatment assessment in experiment group. More specifically, the BASC scores in symbol coding (37.50±6.50, t=-4.60, P<0.01),token movement(60.80±8.72, t=-2.54, P=0.017),verbal memory (44.40±11.29, t=-2.19, P=0.037)),and word fluency(14.23±4.35, t=-3.39, P=0.002) were signifi?cantly different when comparing pre?and post?treatment assessment outcomes. In control group,the only sig?nificant difference was found in word fluency (14.23±4.35, t=-3.39, P=0.002).In addition,response errors (57.80±10.35, t=-3.06, P=0.005) and repeat errors (34.67±6.96, t=3.41, P=0.002) in WCST in exper?iment group were significantly different in pre?and post?treatment assessment while only repeat errors (34.30 ±7.01, t=4.36, P=0.000) was different in control group. It was further discovered that scores in in symbol cod?ing( t=2.010, P=0.048),token movement ( t=2.124, P=0.038),response errors ( t=2.413, P=0.020) and repeat errors( t=2.009, P=0.047) in WCST were different between two groups. Conclusion Valpar professional evaluation train?ing system can significantly improve the cognitive function of people with schizophrenia.

Objective To study the feasibility and indication of liver injury in children treated nonoperatively.Methods Ninteen(cases) with liver injury who underwent nonoperative management(NOM) were analyzed retrospectively.Patients with obvious trauma were reviewed.The main cause of trauma was due to traffic accident.Eleven cases(57.9%) had subcapsular hematoma and 8 cases(42.1%)had intrapararenchymatous hematoma.The treatment procedure included blood transfusion,hemostasis and monitoring the hemodynamic parameters.Results Seventeen cases(89.5%)were cured nonoperatively;2 cases underwent the operation later.Followed up for 10-24 months,patients were well recovered.Conclusions Most of cases with liver injury in children can be cured by NOM due to the physicalogical and anatomic features of children.During treatment,it is very important for the doctors to observe the vital signs closely,and(mana)-ge the combined injuries effectively and take regular imaging measurement.

Objective To study the neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Method The rat models of 1CH were produced by injecting autologous blood into caudate necleus by using stereotatic techique. One hundred ten male wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely normal group,sham operation group, 1CU group, and EPO treatment group. The immunohistochemistry and TUNEL were used to detect expressions of Bc 1-2 and Bax,and apoptosis cells. LSD- t and Pearson correlation were used to analyzing data. Results The positive cells of TUNEL Bcl-2 and Bax in ICH group and EPO group obviously increased over 6 hours,and reached peak 72 hours later,and decreased over 120 hours,and the positive cells in different intervals significantly decreased in ICH group and EPO group compared with those in sham operation group (P < 0.01). The positive cells of TUNEL and Bax in EPO group in different intervals significantly decreased compared with those in ICH group (P < 0.01). The Bcl-2 positive cells in EPO group in different intervals significantly increased compared with those in ICH group (P < 0.01). The Bax protein expression, Bax/Bcl-2 and apoptosis presented positive correlation (P < 0.01). Conclusions Apoptosis may induce some brain injury after ICH,and EPO can decrease the number of apoptotic cells after ICH by up-regulating Bcl-2 and down-regulating Bax.

Objective To explore the application of particle-gun technique in transfecting dendritic cells(DCs),and investigate the expression of DNA vaccine particle IgHV1-GM-CSF in DCs induced by particle-gun.Methods Monocytes were isolated from donor peripheral blood collected by Ficoll density gradient method and adherent culture,and then differentiated into immature DCs(imDCs) by rhGM-CSF and rhlL-4 induction.The plasmids for transfection were IgHV1-GM-CSF/pcDNA3.0 and pEGFP,which were prepared with endofree plasmid purification kit.The DCs were transfected with plasmid pEGFP by particle-gun at different transfection conditions,the green fluorescence positive cell and the total cell numbers were counted respectively under fluorescence microscope,and the transfection efficiency was calculated;the viable cell count was performed after trypan blue staining;the transfection efficiencies of particle-gun,liposome-mediated transfection and electroporation method were compared.The plasmids IgHV1-GM-CSF/pcDNA3.0 and pEGFP were cotransfected into imDCs by particle-gun under the optimum conditions,and then DNA was extracted,the expression of IgHV1-GM-CSF was determined by RT-PCR,and of GM-CSF by ELISA.Results The optimum conditions of particle-gun transfection in imDCs were: gas pressure at 120psi,PVP concentration in 0.02mg/ml,microcarrier loading in 0.5mg gold/shot,and DNA loading ratio in 1.5?g plasmid/mg gold.The transfection efficiencies of particle-gun and electroporation were 10.5%?2.4%(n=3) and 45.2%?5.6%(n=3) respectively,while that of liposome-mediated transfection was very low,and significant difference existed among the three methods(P

Objective To analyze the differential expression of proteome between metastatic lymph nodes and normal lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2-DE)technique and computer-assisted image analysis were used to separate the protein spots and analyze the differential expression of proteome in the metastatic lymph nodes and normal lymph nodes.Results There were 23 protein spots significantly differentially expressed,of which 4 protein spots were newly found,1 protein spot disappeared,14 protein spots increased markedly,and 4 protein spots decreased significantly.Conclusion The proteomic expression in metastatic lymph nodes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is significantly different from that of the normal lymph nodes,which may be associated with the mechanism of metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of cerebral white matter damage in premature rats induced by intrauterine infection.Methods30 mature pregnant Wistar-Imamichi rats were divided into the experimental group (n=18) and control group (n=12). The rats of the experimental group were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 0.2 mg/kg in abdomen on 15th and 16th day after gestation. Those of the control group were injected with distilled water in equal volume. 45 premature rats born in the experimental group and 45 full-term rats born in the control group were tested with RIA for interleukin-6 (IL-6). The brain tissues of another 47 premature rats and 41 full-term rats were stained with HE method. Finally water content in brain tissue were tested in 50 premature rats and 50 full-term rats.ResultsIL-6 concentration of brain tissue of the premature rats in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P<0.01); and water content of the premature rats' brain was also higher than that of the full-term rats ( P<0.01). The edema of periventricular white matter, loose neuropil, decreased cell numbers, broaden intercellular space, and cell swelling and rupture were found in the brain tissue of the premature rats, no abnormal form and structure were found in the control group.ConclusionWhite matter damage of premature rats can be caused by endotoxin, and accompanied by IL-6 and water contents increasing.

Situational teaching method was implemented in clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology. The basis of situational teaching was established through the establishment of a typical teaching case library. Students' impression of disease diagnosis and treatment was strengthened by simulation. The students' enthusiasm was improved by their own diagnosis and treatment through the teacher's guidance. With the method of situational teaching, students had better knowledge of obstetrics and gynecology, and their clinical diagnosis and treatment capacity was improved. Situational teaching method can improve the quality of teaching and it is worthy being popularized in clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Tonsillectomy ; Tonsillitis ; pathology ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo study the situation of grasping knowledge on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ( CPR ) among the medical undergraduate interns before going to the clinic.MethodsEighty-five interns enrolled in 2011 were investigated by theory and skill exams to evaluate the cognition level on CPR and the survey results were analyzed by x2.ResultsThe average correct rate of the whole interns' theory and skill was only 44.8％.Theory exams of the clinical group performed better than non-clinical group (x2=8.57,P＜ 0.01 ).There was also no statistically significant difference between the clinical group and the non-clinical group about the average correct rate of the skill (x2=2.72,P＞0.05 )as well as between the female group and the male group (x2=0.03,P＞0.05 ).ConclusionThe medical undergraduate interns'theory and skill of CPR were generally poor,they should be trained before internship.

The ginsenoside-Ro is sensitive to be hydrolyzed in an alkaline medium. This paper investigated the hydrolysis kinetics of ginsenoside-Ro under different pH and temperature values. The results showed ginsenoside-Ro in alkaline solution followed pseudo-first-order reaction. Hydrolysis kinetics of ginsenoside-Ro has not been reported previously. The hydrolysis rate was independent of initial concentration. On the basis of UFLC-MS/MS, NMR, as well as chemical evidence,the structure of hydrolyzate was assigned as 3-O- [beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl- (1 --> 2) -beta-D-glucopyranosyl] -oleanolic acid.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis ; Kinetics ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization