Humans ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control

Humans ; Oral Surgical Procedures ; education ; methods ; Surgery, Oral ; education ; manpower ; trends

BACKGROUND: Myelodysplasia induced by spina bifida is one of the common developmental malformations of the nervous system in children, and neurogenic urinary incontinence induced by it can affect the children' s quality of life.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of surgical therapy and rehabilitation training for children with hyper-reflexic neuropathic urinary incontinence.DESIGN: A controlled follow-up observation.SETTING: Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 81 children(54 males and 27 females), aged 4 to 14 years treated for hyper-reflexic neuropathic urinary incontinence between January 1992 and October 2000 were selected. All the cases were confirmed loose pelvic floor muscle and smaller bladder capaeity before operation. Moreover, all cases with neuropathic urinary incontinence were proved to be hyper-reflexic neurogenic bladder by urodynamic examination.METHODS: Pelvic muscles of the 81 patients were strengthened with bilateral iliopsoas and the bladder was augmented on the basis of ileocystoplasty. Five patients had an additional bladder neck suspension. Wound healing was satisfactory after 3 weeks; therefore, rehabilitative exercise for coordination was performed. The improvements in symptoms and urodynamic results were followed up.RESULTS: Urinary catheters were removed in the 81 patients 2 weeks after operation. Forty patients had voiding desire before micturition, with linear urine current, more than 60 minutes' interval between micturitions, and almost normal or normal maximal bladder capacity and pressure and residual urine volume, which was regarded as significantly improved. Twenty-three patients had voiding desire before micturition, with linear urine current, more than 40 minutes' interval between micturitions, and reduced maximal bladder capacity and residual urine volume, but increased bladder pressure, which was regarded as improved. However, 18 patients were improved after regular bladder training. The postoperative urodynamic results in 9 patients showed that the average bladder pressure, average urethra pressure, residual urine volume and maximal bladder capacity were 1.2 kPa, 1.15 kPa, 30 - 50 mL and 300 -600 mL, respectively. Of the 81 cases, 63 cases were followed up completely for 6 months whereas the others had no complete follow-up data. The follow-up results showed significant outcomes in 56 cases, improvement in 5 and no effect in 2, with the total effective rate of 97%.CONCLUSION: Satisfactory results can be obtained by combined augmentative ileocystoplasty with strengthening of pelvic floor by iliopsoas for children with hyer-reflexic neuropathic urinary incontinence. The combination of micturition reflex and control training after operation produces obvious therapeutic effects.

BACKGROUND: There are various surgical treatments to neurogenic urinary incontinence, and the curative effects differ a lot. The present research was to study the effect of surgical treatment of neurogenic urinary incontinence.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of cystectasy using a demucosalized ileoseromuscular layer patch containing neurovascular pedicle for the patients with overactive neurogenic urinary incontinence to suggest for improvement in operations.DESIGN: A retrospective case analysis based on the study of the patients.SETTING: Department of pediatric surgery of a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: A follow-up study was conducted to 68 patients who were treated at the Department of Pediatric Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 1998 to January 2004 for neurogenic urinary incontinence. There were 38 cases with full follow-up data.METHODS: All the 38 patients with overactive neurogenic urinary incotinence underwent bladder augmentation using a demucosalized ileoseromuscalar layer patch containing neurovascular pedicle and were followed up for 4to 69 months, and 17.2 months in average. Among the patients, 34 with pelvic diaphragm ptosis were treated with pelvic diaphragm strengthening at the same time.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The preoperative and postoperative symptoms, bladder compliance and maximum bladder capacity and the relative safe bladder capacity were studied.RESULTS: Thirty of 38 patients showed improvement in the symptoms of urinary incontinence(micturition interval ＞ 1 hour) after the operation. The results of urodynamics showed that the all patients with bladder augmentation using a demucosalized ileoseromuscular layer patch containing neurovascular pedicle urinated under abdominal pressure, and no active contraction of detrusor urinae was detected. The compliance, the maximum bladder capacity and the relative safe bladder capacity were increased by(27.43 ± 24.78) mL/kPa (P ＜0.01), (122. 18±79.99) mL(P ＜0.01) and(98.63 ±86.78) mL ( P ＜ 0.01 ) respectively. No aggravation of upper urinary function injury was observed after the operation.CONCLUSION: The bladder augmentation using a demucosalized ileoseromuscular layer patch ontaining neurovascular pedicle can protect the upper urinary function, and it is an effective approach to treating overactive neurogenic urinary incontinence.

A growing body of evidence has indicated the important role of autophagy receptors in directing ubiquitinated or non-ubiquitinated cargos towards autophagy. Autophagy receptors bind to LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3) on phagophore and autophagosome membranes, and recognize signals on cargoes in the delivery system of autophagy. However, the diverse domains in the receptor structures determine that their roles would never be limited to autophagy. Up to date, increasing numbers of the receptor proteins have been demonstrated to serve as a molecular link or switch participating in autophagic degradation, apoptosis or cell survival signals. Here, we highlight the non-autophagic roles of these receptor proteins to draw attention to this growing research topic.
Apoptosis ; Autophagy ; Humans ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Ubiquitination

Objective To understand the serological detection of suspected measles cases in Xicheng District of Beijing,and provide basis for monitoring and prevention of measles.Methods Detection results of 200 blood speci-mens and age distribution of suspected measles cases in Xicheng District of Beijing in 2011 -2014 were analyzed. Results The positive rate of serological detection of suspected measles cases in 2011-2014 was 32.50%(65/200);positive rates in each year were 12.00%,4.35%,33.90%,and 44.09% respectively;there was significant differ-ence in the positive rate of serological tests in different years(P <0.001).Of 200 cases,65 were <5 years old,and 97 were >24 years old,positive rates of serological detection were 35.38% and 34.02% respectively;31 cases (15.50%)received vaccination of measles;vaccine coverage rate in IgM antibody positive cases was lower than IgM antibody negative cases (3.08% vs 21 .48%,P <0.001 ).Conclusion Positive rate of serological detection de-creased in 2012,then increased year by year,for children under 5 years,measles are controlled by immunization with measles vaccine,in order to achieve the goal of eliminating measles effectively,control and prevention of adult measles is of great significance.

Background At present,a new drug,platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB),as a drug knife for the treatment of glaucoma is under study to expect it directly working on the trabecular meshwork without disrupting the normal physiological structure of anterior chamber angle,clearing the trabecular meshwork aqueous outflow channel so as to achieve the purpose of lowering intraocular pressure.Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of PDGF-BB on matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in cultured bovine trabecular meshwork cells.Methods Trabcular tissue was obtained from fresh bovine eyes,and trabcular meshwork cells were cultured and passaged using explant method.Cultured cells were identified by morphological evaluation and neuronspecific enolase (NSE) staining.The third generation of cells were inoculated to 6-well plate,and different concentrations (0,5.0,12.5,25.0 μg/L) of PDGF-BB was added into the medium for 2 hours.Expression levels (A value) of MMP-2 mRNA (MMP-2 mRNA/β-actin) and protein in the cells were assayed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunochemistry,respectively.Results Trabcular meshwork cells appeared 5-9 days after cultured.The third generation of cells presented with many process and showed the green influence in cytoplasm.MMP-2 mRNA/β-actin value (A) was 0.127 ± 0.026,0.147 ± 0.045,0.178 ± 0.053 and 0.222±0.062 in the O,5.0,12.5,25.0 μg/L PDGF-BB group,respectively,showing a significant difference among them (F =56.71,P＜0.05),and the MMP-2 mRNA/β3-actin value in the 5.0,12.5,25.0 μg/L PDGF-BB group was elevated in comparison with that of the 0 μg/L PDGF-BB group (all P＜0.05).The expression value (A value) of PDGF-BB protein in the cells was 446.12±13.81,1444.65±54.64,2086.18±73.18,3488.65±25.98 in the 0,5.0,12.5,25.0 μg/L PDGF-BB group,respectively,with a significant difference among the four groups (F=213.12,P＜0.01),and the expression value (A value) of PDGF-BB protein was gradually increased with the ascend of concentration of PDGF-BB(all P＜0.05).Conclusions PDGF-BB can promote the expression of MMP-2 in bovine trabcular meshwork cells in vitro in concentration-dependent manner.

Objective To evaluate arthroscopic PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) reconstruction with an implant fixaliun of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique.Methods Thirteen cases with PCL injury were treated with arthroscopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique between April,2002 to June,2005.The patients were followed up fur at least seven months to evaluate the clinical effects by means of ROM of the joint,post drawer test,Lachman test,Lysholm and IKDC (International Knee Documents Committee) scores.Results The patients were followed up for an average of 13.4 months.No limitation of knee extension was found six months after operation.Eleven patients had normal knee flexion(＞140?), one had knee flexion of 120?and one 100?.In posterior drawer test,11 patients were gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.In Lachman test,11 patients were rated as within gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.By Lysholm knee function scale,the average knee scores were 90.47?4.13 and 78.82?2.46 respectively before and after operation,and the dif- ference was of statistical significance (t=2.416,P=0.029).By IKDC scale,six were grade A,five grade B and one grade C.Conclusion Arthroseopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique is a reliable method to restore knee function and will have a prospect of wide application be- cause of its good tissue biocompatibility,less invasion,and less operative expenditure.

Medical robotics has played an increasingly important role in the recent years in robotics field. An overview of the minimally invasive surgery robots, rehabilitative robots and hospital service robots are offered here, and relevant tendencies are also referred to.
Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; Robotics ; instrumentation ; trends

Objective To evaluate the effect of immune fluorescence chromatography on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Methods The precision of immune fluorescence chromatography was evaluated with samples of 6.0% and 8.0% fixed value. Group of High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as control, HbA1c for 200 samples of EDTA-K2 anti-coagulated whole blood were detected by immune fluorescence chromatography to synchronous blinded trial. Results As to the precise of immune fluorescence chromatography in the samples of 6% and 8%, values of coefficient of variation were 5.1% and 5.3%, respectively. The linear regression equation of immune fluorescence chromatography and HPLC was Y=-0.110+1.021X and the correlation coefficient was 0.982. 6.0% and 8.0% as the cut-off value, kappa values were 0.950 (P < 0.001) and 0.922 (P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion Immune fluorescence chromatography and HPLC is consistent with detection of HbA1c, which can be used for clinical detection of HbA1c.