Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Humans ; Male

Acute Disease ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Myocarditis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; methods ; Virus Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging

Adult ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Nitrobenzenes ; poisoning ; Occupational Exposure ; Poisoning ; complications ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of drug-containing serum of Chinese herbal compounds [Xiongshao Capsule (XS, for activating blood) and Huanglian Capsule (HL, for dispelling toxin)] on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced adherence between human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), inflammatory reaction and expression of related proteins in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.

METHODSThirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups (8 in each group) using random digit table: the blank control group treated with distilled water, the test group I treated with Chinese herbal compound of XS (0.135 g/kg), the test group II treated with Chinese herbal compound of HL (0.135 g/kg), and the test group Ill treated with Chinese herbal compound of XS (0.135 g/kg) and HL (0.135 g/kg). All medication was given by gastrogavage once a day for a week. Rats' blood serum was harvested 1 h after the last administration to prepare drug-containing serum. HUVECs were exposed to TNF-alpha (100 ng/mL) to induce cell injury model and incubated with corresponding drug-containing serum (10%) for 24 h. Normal rats' serum was given to cells in the blank control group and the model group, while XC + HL containing serum was given to cells in the rest 3 groups. The adherence of HUVECs and PMN cells was detected by using rose bengal strain. Levels of E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1P) in the supernatant of cultured HU-VECs were determined by ELISA. Protein expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 (p38MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 12) were determined by Western blot.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, HUVECs were seriously injured; PMN adherence amount significantly increased; levels of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and IL-1beta increased; expression levels of p-p38MAPK and p-ERK 1/2 in the supernatant of HUVECs significantly increased in the model group (all P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, HUVECs-PMN adherence amount decreased (P < 0.05); levels of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and IL-1 beta in the supernatant of HUVECs decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); expression levels of p-p38MAPK and p-ERK 1/2 of endothelial cells decreased in the test group I, II, and III (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSDrug-containing serums of activating blood, activating blood and dispelling toxin could attenuate TNF-alpha induced injury of HUVECs, inhibit HUVECs-PMN adherence and the release of adhesion factors. Its mechanism might be involved with protein phosphorylation of p38MAPK and ERK 1/2 in the MAPK pathway.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; E-Selectin ; Endothelial Cells ; physiology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; Neutrophils ; Rats ; Serum ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the proliferation changes of the side population of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells (SP), the non-side population (NSP) cells, and unsorted cells (Total) after intervened by Sijunzi Decoction (SD) containing serum.

METHODSSixteen pure bred New Zealand rabbits were equally divided into the normal control group, the low dose SD group (at the daily dose of 7 mL/kg), the middle dose SD group (at the daily dose of 14 mL/kg), and the high dose SD group (at the daily dose of 28 mL/kg) according to the random digit table. Rabbits' serum was extracted after equal volume of corresponding medication was given by gastrogavage twice daily for 2 consecutive weeks. The drug serum was identified using high performance liquid chromatography. SP cells of SGC-7901 were detected using flow cytometry, SP and NSP cells were screened. The proliferation curve of SP, NSP, and Total cells were detected with CCK-8 assay. Changes of their proliferation were also observed.

RESULTSGinsenoside Rg1, an effective ingredient in SD was detected in prepared drug serum. The proliferation of SGC-7901 SP cells was significantly higher than that of NSP cells and Total cells (P < 0.05). Drug serum on gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 SP, NSP, and Total cells could inhibit their proliferation, but its inhibition on SP cells' proliferation was significantly lower than on NSP and Total cells (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSD could significantly inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 SP, NSP, and Total cells. But there exist obvious difference in the inhibition among the three groups.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Side-Population Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

Although the essential oil of Xiangfu Siwu decoction (XFSWD) has strong pharmacological activity, its special physical and chemical properties restrict the clinical application and curative effect. In this paper, Xiangfu Siwu decoction essential oil (XFS-WO) was prepared by forming inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). The present study is to investigate the effect of β-CD inclusion complex on the transport of major components of XFSWO using Caco-2 cell monolayer model, thus to research the effect of this formation on the absorption of drugs with low solubility and high permeability, which belong to class 2 in biopharmaceutics classification system. A sensitive and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous quantification of senkyunolide A, 3-n-butylphthalide, Z-ligustilide, dehydrocostus lactone and α-cyperone, which are active compounds in XFSWO. The transport parameters were analyzed and compared in free oil and its β-CD inclusion complex. The result revealed that the formation of XFSWO/β-CD inclusion complex has significantly increased the transportation and absorption of major active ingredients than free oil. Accordingly, it can be speculated that cyclodextrin inclusion complex can improve bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Above all these mentioned researches, it provided foundation and basis for physiological disposition and pharmaceutical study of XFSWD.
Biological Transport ; Caco-2 Cells ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Humans ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; beta-Cyclodextrins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy and safety of different doses of cernilton in preventing the clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSA total of 240 BPH patients with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) >7 were equally allocated to an experimental and a control group and treated with oral cernilton (Prostate), the former at the dose of 750 mg, the latter at 375 mg, both twice a day for 4 years. Changes, of IPSS, prostate volume, postvoid residual urine, maximum flow rate (Qmax), prostate specific antigen (PSA), the incidence of urine retention and the rate of surgery were compared between the two groups after the treatment.

RESULTSIn the experimental group, the IPSS, prostate volume, postvoid residual urine and Qmax were 10.5 +/- 5.6, (29.2 +/- 9.5) ml, (15.2 +/- 3.1) ml and (16.2 +/- 4.5) ml/s after the treatment, as compared with 20.1 +/- 4.1, (37.8 +/- 12.5) ml, (42.5 +/- 6.6) ml and (10.0 +/- 3.5) mVs before the treatment, while in the control group, the four indexes were 14.9 +/- 4.3 vs 19.2 +/- 3.8, (34.7 +/- 9.8) ml vs (37.1 +/- 11.9) ml, (25.6 +/- 4.6) ml vs (41.8 +/- 6.1) ml and (13.5 +/- 4.1) ml/s vs (10.2 +/- 3.8) ml/s, with a more obvious improvement in the experimental group than in the control after the 4-year treatment (P < 0.0001). Compared with pre-treatment, the IPSS and Qmax were improved 3 months (16.7 +/- 3.9, P < 0. 000 1) and 6 months ([13.2 +/- 4.1] ml/s, P < 0. 0001) respectively after the treatment in the experimental group, compared with 6 months (17.6 +/- 3.3, P = 0.0010) and 9 months ([12.0 +/- 3.7] ml/s, P = 0.0005) in the control; the prostate volume was improved 1 year after the treatment in the former ( [ 15.6 +/- 3.2 ] ml,P = 0.0487) but not at 4 years in the latter ([25.6 +/- 4.6] ml,P = 0.1040). The postvoid residual urine was improved at 3 months in both the experimental ([38.7 +/- 6.1] ml, P < 0.000 1) and the control group ([40.2 +/- 5.5] ml, P = 0.0422). The incidence of urine retention was lower in the former than in the latter (5 vs 16 person-times, P = 0.0147), and so was the rate of surgery (2 vs 8 person-times, P = 0.046 2). There were no significant differences in PSA between the pre-and post-treatment either in the experimental (P = 0.349 6) or in the control group (P = 0.3805). No toxical and adverse effects were observed.

CONCLUSIONLong-term administration of cernilton at the dose of 750 mg may achieve faster and more obvious efficacy than at 375 mg in improving symptomatic BPH and preventing the clinical progression of BPH, with no adverse events.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Prostate ; drug effects ; pathology ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; blood ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Secale ; Treatment Outcome

Modern drying technology was used to explore suitable drying process to provide scientific basis for improving drying processing methods of Scrophulariae Radix. Controlled temperature and humidity drying, vacuum drying apparatus, microwave vacuum drying apparatus, short infrared drying device were used to gain samples for analyzing. The character appearance, concentration of main components and power consumption indicators were chosen for preliminary judging. Six major components, including iridoids and phenylpropanoids were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS method. The contents of polysaccharides were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The character appearance with controlled temperature and humidity drying and short infrared drying meet the pharmacopoeia standard (Ch. p, edition 2015), while samples with vacuum and microwave vacuum drying apparatus didn't. Compared to fresh sample, concentrations of harpagide, harpagoside, aucubin and catalpol were lower in the dried samples. Angoroside-C showed no significant change before and after drying. Concentration of acteoside increased after drying. Samples with controlled temperature (70 degrees C) and humidity (15% - 10%) drying had high content and short drying time. The better drying process of Scrophulariae Radix was controlled temperature and humidity drying. The method will provide the reference for the drying technology standard of roots medicine.
Desiccation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Scrophularia ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the status and influencing factors on anxiety sensitivity among middle school students in Chongqing.

METHODS58 classes from 12 schools were randomly selected in four administrative districts of Chongqing city. A total number of 2700 students was included for final analysis including 48.5% from junior high school and 51.5% from senior high school students with 49.2% boys and 50.8% girls. The Chinese version of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revision, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used.

RESULTS(1) There was no significant difference between grade groups (P = 0.49). (2) The level of girl's anxiety sensitivity was always higher than boy's (P < 0.001). (3) Data from multiple linear regression showed that the influential factors to the degree of anxiety sensitivity were: state of anxiety, trait anxiety, life events, sex, stress from learning, etc (standard coefficients of regression were 0.258, 0.163, 0.112, 0.093, 0.124, -0.096, 0.096).

CONCLUSIONThe major influential factors of anxiety sensitivity would include: sex, stress from learning, life events, interpersonal relationship, state of anxiety and trait anxiety.

Adolescent ; Anxiety ; psychology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Psychometrics ; Stress, Psychological ; Students ; psychology