Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Diterpenes, Kaurane ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology

Purpose:To determine the efficacy of paclitaxel in human bladder cancer lines and to investigate the mechanism by which paclita xel induce apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells. Methods:BIU-87, 5637, T24 and EJ bladder cancer cell lines wer e cultured by techniques of cell culture in vitro. The cytotoxic activity an d apoptosis induction abilities of paclitaxel were analyzed by MTT and Annexin- V assay as well as DNA cytometry , respectively. The effects on the cell cycle w ere assessed by flow cytometry of propidium iodide. The expressions of Bcl-2, B ax, p53 and Caspase3 proteins were determined by flow cytometry immunofluorescen ce. Results:Paclitaxel dose-dependent inhibition of cell prolifera tion was seen.Paclitaxel induced G_2/M arrest (71.29% and 64.57%) which was maximal in 5637 and EJ cell lines. While paclitaxel at 1?g/ml concentration ex posure to 5637 12h, 14h and 48h respectively, the apoptosis rates of the respect ive times were 5.0%, 12.9%, 27.6%. The expression of genes p53 and Bcl-2 was no t influenced, whereas the expression of Bax and Caspase3 had increases time-dep endently after exposure to paclitaxel. The analysis of Annexin-V showed a drama tic dose-dependent increase of apoptosis. Conclusions:Paclitaxel inhibited bladder cancer cells prolifera tion and had more effect on those cells whose grade was lower and doubling time was longer. Paclitaxel could block G_2/M arrest, and induce apoptosis by th e path of Bcl-2/Bax in bladder cancer cell lines.

Objective:To investigate the variations in ocular biometry and its influencing factors in adult Tibetans of Lhasa.Methods:A cross-sectional study was adopted.A total of 100 consecutive adult Tibetans (100 eyes) with cataract, who were treated in Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from March 2017 to July 2017 were enrolled, including 51 males and 49 females, with an average age of (63.38±12.80) years.The subjects were divided into two groups, with 57 subjects (57 eyes) older than 60 years in the elder group and 43 subjects (43 eyes) younger than 60 years in the youth group.Corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth and axial length of subjects were measured and compared with those of Beijing population which were used as standardized data of Han Chinese.The differences in ocular parameters associated with age and gender were analyzed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital (No.ME-TBHP-21-KJ-005).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to any examination.Results:The mean corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth and axial length of the 100 Tibetans were (43.68±1.62)D, 0.750 (0.375, 1.000)D, (3.05±0.41)mm, (23.07±0.86)mm, respectively.The axial length of Tibetan was shorter than that of Beijing Han people and the difference was significant ( t=2.65, P<0.01).Corneal astigmatism of the elder group was higher than that of youth group and the difference was significant ( t=2.11, P<0.05).There were no significant differences in corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth and axial length between the elder group and youth group (all at P>0.05).The anterior chamber depth and axial length of males were much longer than those of females, and the differences were significant ( t=2.71, 2.25; both at P<0.05). Conclusions:In adult Tibetan population, the axial length is short, and the anterior chamber is deep.The corneal astigmatism increases with age and there is a gender difference in axial length and anterior chamber depth.

A rapid, sensitive and convenient LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in human plasma. d2-γ-Aminobutyric acid (d2-GABA) was synthesized as internal standard (IS). After extraction from human plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, all analytes were separated on a Luna HILIC column (100 mm x 3.0 mm, 3 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase of water: acetonitrile: formic acid (20 : 80 : 0.12) with a flow rate of 0.5 mL x min(-1). Acquisition of mass spectrometric data was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) in positive electrospray ionization using the transitions of m/z 104 --> 69 for GABA and m/z 106 --> 71 for d2-GABA. The method was linear in the concentration range of 5.00 to 1 000 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter-day precisions were within 9.9%, and accuracy ranged from 99.1% to 104%, within the acceptable limit across all concentrations. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of GABA tablets in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Chromatography, Liquid ; Humans ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; blood

A chiral LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous analysis of desvenlafaxine (DVS) enantiomers in human plasma was developed and applied to a pharmacokinetic study on 12 Chinese healthy volunteers. d6-Desvenlafaxine was used as internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was performed on the Astec Chirobiotic V chiral column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm). The assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.500-150 ng x mL(-1) for both enantiomers (r2 > 0.99). The method was successfully applied to a stereoselective pharmacokinetic study of 100 mg desvenlafaxine sustained release tablets on 12 Chinese healthy volunteers under fasting conditions. The results showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters were similar to both enantiomers in Chinese healthy volunteers. The AUC(0-t), and C(max) of the two enantiomers were about 1.5 times higher than those of blacks and whites reported in the literature.
Administration, Oral ; Area Under Curve ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cyclohexanols ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Desvenlafaxine Succinate ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Plasma ; chemistry ; Stereoisomerism ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Animals ; Cochlea ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; pathology ; Male ; Mitochondria ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors,clinical characteristics and resistance of Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial infections so as to guide the treatment of S.aureus infection.METHODS To collect clinical materials of S.aureus nosocomial infection and analyze risk factors and clinical characteristics and detect sensitivity of isolated strains to antibacterial agents.RESULTS Severe underlying diseases existed among 73 cases of S.aureus nosocomial infections,82.19 percent of patients had received invasive interventions.Lower respiratory tract was the most common infective site.Seventy-nine strains of S.aureus were isolated,including 66 meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) and 13 meticillin-sensitive S.aureus(MSSA).S.aureus showed general resistance to many kinds of antibiotic drugs.The resistant rates of MRSA were much higher than those of MSSA(P

Obejective To explore mechanism and inhibition of thalido-mide ( Tha ) combined with epirubicine ( Epi ) on the growth of trans-planted H22 hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.Methods Forty male Kunming mice were transplanted by right armpit injection of 200 μL (2.0 ×106 cells) H22 tumor cells.Then these mice were randomly di-vided into four groups, ten mice in each group.Saline group, Tha group ( oral 200 mg · kg -1 · d-1 for 10 consecutive days ); Epi group ( intra-peritoneall injection, 50 mg · m-2 , once ) , Tha combined with Epi group ( oral Tha 200 mg · kg -1 · d-1 , for 10 consecutive days; Epi intraperitoneall injection, 50 mg· m-2 , once).The tumor diameter and short diameter was measured every 7 d, and twenty -eighth days were sacrificed by dislocation , tumor tissue was obtained.The expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 ( Bcl -2 ) , Bcl -2 associated X protein ( Bax ) , and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) mRNA was measured by RT -PCR.The expression of Bax , Bcl -2 protein was measured by Western blot.The expression of VEGF protein was measured by immunohistochemical.Results After 21 days, compared with saline group (0.90 ±0.01), Epi group (0.67 ±0.01), Tha group (0.62 ±0.02) and combined group (0.43 ±0.01) transplanted tumor volume was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with Epi group and Tha group, combined group transplanted tumor volume was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with saline group, the expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF mRNA and protein was down -regulated ( P<0.05 ) , the expression of Bax mRNA and protein was up-regulated in Epi group, Tha group and combined group (all P<0.05).The expression of Bax, Bcl -2 and VEGF mRNA and protein had significant difference in combined group compared with Tha and Epi group (P<0.05). Conclusion Tha and Epi could inhibit the growth of transplanted H22 hepatocellular carcinoma, related to lower VEGF and Bcl-2 expression as well as higher Bax expression , and Tha combined with Epi might have synergistic effect.

OBJECTIVETo review the clinical features of the thoracolumbar fracture with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in order to avoid delayed or missed diagnosis.

METHODSFive patients of thoracolumbar fracture with AS treated from April 2005 to June 2007 in our department were studied retrospectively, male 4 cases, female 1 case, the age from 26- to 72-years-old with an average of 44.8 years. Analysis including: case history, number of the ankylosed vertebras, characteristic of fracture, active state rheumatism.

RESULTSThe patients had the history of AS for average 22.6 years. The mean number of the ankylosed vertebras was 18.2. Of the 5 cases, 1 case encountered traffic accident, 1case was sprained, and 3 cases without trauma were diagnosed as stress fracture. Two cases were trans-vertebra fracture: the fracture line was through T6, T7, or L1 vertebral body respectively; 3 cases were through the disc space: 2 cases were through L1,2 disc space, 1 case was through L2,3. No compression fracture and neurological injury were found. The acute inflammatory index such as ESR and CRP in 4 cases didn't correlate with the degree of pain. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) hadn't significant effectiveness in relieving pain. The patients were diagnosed as 'relapse' of AS in other hospital, and had been misdiagnosed for average 1.51 months.

CONCLUSION1) the fracture is prevalent at the middle or late period of AS when extensive ankylosis has been existed at the thoracolumbar region; 2) the fracture is common at the lower thoracal spine and the upper lumbar spine, and the majority is the stress fracture; 3) the fracture line may be through the vertebral body, but more often through the disc space; 4) it is like an exacerbation of AS and therefore to be missed diagnosis; 5) when the back pain exacerbated suddenly in the middle or late period of AS, the degree of pain not correlating with acute inflammatory index, and the NSAIDs ineffective, the thoracolumbar fracture should be considered.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; complications ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries