Trypanosoma is a human parasite severely affecting poor tropical areas.However,current frontline drugs for Trypanosoma treatment have severe side-effects with decreased effectiveness.Based on the fact that aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is a bonafide drug target for several microorganisms,including bacteria and fungi,it is plausible that it may also be effective target of Trypanosoma.The Trypanosoma brucei leucyl-tRNA synthetase(tbLeuRS)was cloned,expressed and purified to develop an in vitro enzymatic assay system.The assay conditions were further optimized for the effective screening of tbLeuRS inhibitors thus establishing an anti-Trypanosoma drug screening system targeting tbLeuRS.The results indicated that this system can be employed for the effective screening of anti-Trypanosoma drugs with satisfactory specificity.In addition,this system can also be used for compound optimization,as well as IC50 testing.Using this system a series of compounds are identified that are effective Trypanosoma inhibitors without toxicity to human cells.Therefore,targeting tbLeuRS may represent a new venue for the development of anti-Trypanosoma drugs.

Objective To detect the expression of tenascin-C(TN-C)and tenascin-X(TN-X)in the embryonic heart of rats,investigate their role during the heart development.Methods Sixty-four Spraque-Dawley female rats and 20 male rats were put into the same cage,when vaginal suppository was found,the femate was pregnant 0.5 day(ED 0.5),then executed the pregnant rats on ED 12.5,ED 15.5 and ED 19.5,got out the hearts.Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect the TN-C and TN-X mRNA expression in the rat hearts aged embryonic day 12.5(ED 12.5),ED 15.5 and ED 19.5.The protein expression of TN-C and TN-X in the embryonic hearts was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results TN-C mRNA was highly expressed in ED 12.5 embryonic hearts(0.683 7?0.043 1),the expression of TN-C mRNA of ED 15.5(0.454 3?0.038 8)and ED 19.5(0.250 5?0.038 4)embryonic hearts decreased,they were different from the expression of ED 12.5(Pa

AlM: To discuss the application effect of surgical simulator to improve the microsurgical skills in junior ophthalmologist. METHODS: Lecture teaching, training in surgical simulator and operation in animal eyes were received in all these ophthalmologists. Results of the ability of operation in cataract surgery after this training were analyzed. RESULTS: After taught theory, students completed cataract surgical procedures on simulator and the mean test score was 75. 91 ± 6. 53 points. After trained on simulator repeatedly, the mean test score was 85. 57±4. 64 points. There was statistically significant difference ( P<0. 01) . During the third stage of practicing on animal eyes, the score was 89. 77 ± 7. 61 points, there was statistically significant difference compared with former two stages (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: Comprehensive training can improve microsurgical skills of junior ophthalmologist, but the long effect need to be observed.

21 mmHg.The side effects,IOP and application of anti-glaucoma drugs were examined 1 h,1 d,1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after SLT. Results The IOP was significantly decreased 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after SLT compared with that before treatment(P21 mmHg using two anti-glaucoma drugs,respectively. Conclusion SLT is a safe and effective method for IOP control in early CPACG after treatment with laser peripheral iridoplasty and laser iridectomy.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of needling revision with mitomycin C(MMC) subconjuctival injection on early failed filtering blebs after trabeculectomy for glaucoma. Methods Needling revision with MMC 0.2 mL(0.04 mg) subconjuctival injection was performed on 86 eyes of 76 patients with failed filtering blebs 2 to 6 weeks after trabeculectomy for glaucoma.An average of 1.88 times of treatment was performed.The intraocular pressure(IOP),blebs and side effects were observed,and follow-up was conducted for 6 months. Results Two to six weeks after trabeculectomy,there were 50 eyes with thickened and focalized blebs,32 eyes with encapsulated blebs and 4 eyes with no bleb.Six months after needling revision with MMC subconjuctival injection,blebs of 61 eyes turned into functional ones.The blebs were thinned and multicysted in 24 eyes,diffused and elevated in 37 eyes,thickened and focalized in 6 eyes,encapsulated in 13 eyes and disappeared in 6 eyes.Three months after treatment,the mean IOP was(15.2?6.1) mmHg,and there were 57 eyes with IOP

Objective To analyze the clinical features of pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (PDR-Ab) in a hospital and compare the efficacy of different antibiotic treatments on patients with pneumonia caused by PDR-Ab.Methods Data were ret- rospectively collected from all isolated PDR-Ab strains in our hospital from February 2004 to March 2005.The clinical features and outcomes were reviewed.Results A total of 77 strains of PDR-Ab were collected, 45 of which were pathogens causing clini- cal infections (35 strains from lower respiratory tract, 6 from bloodstream, 3 from drainage fluid, and 1 from wounds).Lower respiratory tract was the most common source of PDR-Ab.More than 90% of the isolated PDR-Ab strains produced OXA-23 type?-lactamase.Cefoperazone-sulbactam plus minocyeline showed good efficacy for patients with PDR-Ab pneumonia.The total clinical cure rate was 68.4%.Bacterial eradication rate was 42.1%.The factors influencing bacterial clearance were pro- longed mechanical ventilation prior to positive culture (17.5 d vs 5.5 d).mixed infection (100% vs 12.5%) and lower GCS score (9.1?0.7 vs 13.2?2.1).Concomitant septic shock (OR=13.8) and APACHEⅡscore (OR=2.1) were independent factors of clinical outcome.Conclusions Nosocomial infections caused by PDR-Ab are not untreatable.Our analysis suggests that cefoperazone-sulbactam plus minocycline may be an effective treatment for lower respiratory tract infections caused by PDR-Ab in our hospital.

Based on the infrared spectra of Lophatheri Herba and Commelinae Herba, one-dimensional infrared spectra, second derivative spectra and two-dimensional correlated spectra were used to find out the differences between Lophatheri Herba and its imitations, respectively. The common peak ratio and variant peak ratio dual-indexes sequential were calculated and established according to infrared spectra of eleven batches of herbs. Infrared spectral data of Lophatheri Herba cluster analysis was applied to explore the similarity between each sample. The grouping results trend of sequential analysis of dual-indexes and cluster analysis was accordant. The results showed that the differences could be found by multi-level identification, and the source and the quality of the herbs could be effectively distinguished by the two analysis methods. Infrared spectroscopy, used in the present work exhibited some advantages on quick procedures, less sample required, and reliable results, which could provide a new method for the identification of traditional Chinese medicine with the imitations and adulterants, and the control of quality and origin.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; methods ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; methods

AlM:To compare the efficacy and safety of latanoprost and brimonidine in the treatment of open angle glaucoma, and provide reference for rational drug use.METHODS:A total of 121 cases ( 136 eyes ) who were diagnosed as primary open angle glaucoma were selected in this study, and they were randomly divided into experimental group (62 cases, 70 eyes) and control group ( 59 cases, 66 eyes) according to different drug treatment. Patients in the control group received brimonidine eye drops twice a day, while patients in the experimental group received latanoprost eye drops once a day. The intraocular pressure, visual acuity and adverse reactions were checked of the two groups in the following 3mo.RESULTS:The intraocular pressure of patients in the control group was 18. 1 ± 1. 3mmHg, while the experimental group was 17. 0 ± 0. 9mmHg after 12wk of treatment, which were both lower than before (P<0. 05). The fluctuation of intraocular pressure in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in the LogMAR visual acuity between before and after treatment in the control group, while the LogMAR visual acuity of the experimental group was significantly improved. The control group had hyperemia, burning sensation, tearing, eyelid edema and other adverse side effects, and the experimental group had little adverse reactions. CONCLUSlON: Latanoprost can significantly reduce intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients with in the follow- up time, and reduce the impact of elevated intraocular pressure in the vision of glaucoma patients, with little adverse reaction, worthy of clinical application.

Objective To observe the dynamic serological test results of 28 patients with acute brucellosis,and to investigate the relationship between serological test results and diagnosis,curative effect and prognosis of brucellosis.Methods Twenty eight patients(infected with sheep brucellosis) with acute brucellosis in the Department of Brucellosis in Heilongjiang Provincial Land Reclamation Headquarters General Hospital were selected as research subjects,and their serological changes were tested by means of tube agglutination test (SAT)and clinical outcomes were compared before and after each stage of treatment.In addition,symptoms of fever,weakness,sweating,joint pain,swollen lymph nodes and biochemical parameters [alanine aminotransferase (ALT),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] were also tested 3,6 and 9 weeks after the treatment.Results Antibody titer reached the peak at the third week,1 ∶ 400(++),which accounted for 39.29％ (11/28); 2857％(8/28) of the patients became negative at the sixth week; 50.00％ (14/28) became negative at the ninth week.Before the treatment,20(71.43％) patients had the symptom of fever,8 (28.57％) patients had the symptom of hyperhidrosis,28 (100.00％) patients had the symptom of joint pain,7(25.00％) patients had the symptom of lymph node enlargement,28 (100.00％) patients' ALT was elevated,and 26(92.86％) patients' LDH was elevated.After three weeks of treatment,except the three patients (10.71％) who occasionally had fever,the rest of the patient's temperature was returned to normal.Also the numbers of patients with the symptoms of fatigue,sweating and joint pain were significantly reduced,and specifically,the conesponding number was 13(46.43％),2(7.14％),and 21 (75.00％)patients,respectively.ALT and LDH returned to normal(only one patient's ALT was out of the range).At the sixth week,all the patients' symptoms of fever and hyperhidrosis disappeared.The number of patients with the symptoms of joint pain and lymph node enlargement reduced to 12(42.86％) and 3(10.71％),respectively.The results of biochemical tests(ALT and LDT) returned to normal.At the ninth week,most patients' clinical symptoms disappeared.A few patients still had the symptoms of weakness[2(7.14％)] and joint piin[6(21.43％)].Conclusions After effective treatment,antibody titer of patients decreases rapidly,at the same time,the clinical symptoms improve quickly.There is a parallel relationship between the change of antibody titer and clinical symptoms.It is demonstrated that the appearing time of brucellosis specific antibodies,the ampfitude and speed of change of antibody titers can be used in diagnosis,therapeutic evaluation and prognosis of the disease.