Objective To summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment of iatrogenic injury by ureteroscopic surgery.Methods Retrospective analysis of 13 cases with iatrogenic injury by ureteroscopy from December 2008 to December 2011,including 8 men and 3 women,aged 15 to 75 years.Among the 13 cases (Holmium laser lithotripsy under ureteroscope),there were 5 cases of ureterostoma severe disruption,4 cases of submucosa injury,2 cases of perforation,1 case of disruption,and 1 case of sleeve exfoliation of mucosa.Results Among these 13 cases with iatrogenic injury by ureteroscopy,10 cases underwent double J drainage (drainage duration:60 days),and 3 cases underwent open surgery immediately.There was no hydronephrosis when examined by IVU after six months to two years follow-up.Conclusions The skills and techniques of surgical operation should be improved when performing ureteroscopic operation,and it is essential to be familiar with ureteric dissection and alignment,which can avoid ureteric injury.Indwelling D-J tube is very important in dealing with mild ureteral injury secondary to ureteroscopes.Surgical intervention should be given to severe cases of ureteric injury in time.

Objective To compare clinical efficacy and complications of three operation methods for treating the localized and high risk prostate cancer.Methods From July 2006 to July 2010,102 cases with localized and high risk prostate cancer were included in the study.Among them,51 cases received open radical prostatectomy (Group A).Their characters included aged (63.7±7.9),PSA (31.8±6.6) μg/L,Gleason scores (8.5±0.5).In this group,T2c stage was diagnosed in 38 cases and T3a stage in 13 cases.32 cases received laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(Group B).Their characters included aged (64.4± 8.3),PSA (29.9±5.2) μg/L,Glcason scores (8.7±0.4).In this group,T2c stage was diagnosed in 21 cases and T3a stage in 11 cases.19 cases received 125I implantation (Group C).Their characters included aged (61.4± 7.4),PSA (30.6±.5.7)μg/L,Gleason scores (8.6±0.6).T2v stage was found in 8 cases and T3a stage in 11 cases.Operation time,amount of bleeding,hospitalization time,drainage time,gastrointestinal function recovery time,medical expenses and survival and recurrence rate in 1 year,3 years,5 years were compared within those groups.Results Operation time in three group were (232.6±38.4) min,(186.3±31.4) min,(35.4±14.6) min,respectively.Amount of bleeding in three group were (413.6±132.4) ml,(273.9± 77.4) ml,(19.4±4.4) ml,respectively.Hospitalization time in three group were (20.9±3.7) d,(15.6± 2.2) d,(6.4±2.6) d respectively.Drainage time in three group were (8.3±1.8) d,(7.5±0.9) d,(3.2± 0.8) d,respectively.Gastrointestinal function recovery time in three group were (4.1 ±0.6) d,(3.2± 0.4) d,(0.4±0.1) d,respectively.Medical expenses in three group were (23±4) thousand yuan,(32±3) thousand yuan,(45t3) thousand yuan respectively.All those items exhibited the significantly statistical difference (P＜0.05).The survival and recurrence rates had no significant difference during the follow-up in three groups.Conciusions Compared to the open radical prostectomy and laparoscopic radical prostectomy,particle implantation for prostate cancer had advantages in minimally invasive,less bleeding,short operation time,fast recovery and protection for Intestinal function.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and ADR of Fuzheng huaji pills in the adjunctive treatment of mid-dle and advanced primary liver cancer. METHODS:122 patients with middle and advanced primary liver cancer who had lost the chance or were unwilling to accept surgery,radiotherapy or chemotherapy were randomly divided into control group (61 cases) and study group(61 cases). The control group received conservative treatment such as hepatoprotecives;the study group was treat-ed with Fuzheng huaji pills 1 pills per time,3 times a day,additionally for 30 days. The tumor volume changes,major clinical symptom scores,quality of life,hemorheology indexes and alpha-fetal protein(AFP),lab index and ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:After treatment,tumor stable rate of study group was 67.2%,the improvement rate of life quality 27.9%, and AFP(563.35±143.17)pg/L;the scores of liver pain,abdominal distension,loss of appetite and fatigue,and plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity,erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased greatly,there were significant differences,compared to control group (P<0.05). One patient in study group suffered from diarrhea,and the symptom was relieved after symptomatic treatment;no obvious ADR was found. CONCLUSIONS:Through stabling tumor, improving major clinical symptom, life quality and hemorheology indexes,Fuzheng huaji pills play a synergistic treatment effect on primary liver cancer.

The study aims to evaluate the bioequivalence of valsartan hydrochlorothiazide tablets, and to investigate the potential cause of bioinequivalence. This was a single-center study with an open, randomized double-way crossover design. Test and reference preparations containing 160 mg of valsartan and 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide were given to 36 healthy male volunteers. Plasma concentrations of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide were determined simultaneously by LC-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were calculated, while the bioequivalence between test and reference preparations were evaluated. The dissolution profiles of test and reference preparations in four different mediums were determined via dissolution test and HPLC. The similarity was investigated according to the similarity factors (f2). The F(o-t) and F(0-infinity) were (139.4 +/- 65.2)% and (137.5 +/- 61.2)% for valsartan of test preparations. It led to get the conclusion that test and reference preparations were not bioequivalent for valsartan. A significant difference was observed between test and reference tablets in the valsartan dissolution test of pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution. The key factor of the bioinequivalence might be that dissolution of valsartan in acid medium has marked difference between two preparations.
Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Antihypertensive Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Cross-Over Studies ; Drug Liberation ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Therapeutic Equivalency ; Valsartan ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Young Adult

Objective To analyze the clinical features of pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (PDR-Ab) in a hospital and compare the efficacy of different antibiotic treatments on patients with pneumonia caused by PDR-Ab.Methods Data were ret- rospectively collected from all isolated PDR-Ab strains in our hospital from February 2004 to March 2005.The clinical features and outcomes were reviewed.Results A total of 77 strains of PDR-Ab were collected, 45 of which were pathogens causing clini- cal infections (35 strains from lower respiratory tract, 6 from bloodstream, 3 from drainage fluid, and 1 from wounds).Lower respiratory tract was the most common source of PDR-Ab.More than 90% of the isolated PDR-Ab strains produced OXA-23 type?-lactamase.Cefoperazone-sulbactam plus minocyeline showed good efficacy for patients with PDR-Ab pneumonia.The total clinical cure rate was 68.4%.Bacterial eradication rate was 42.1%.The factors influencing bacterial clearance were pro- longed mechanical ventilation prior to positive culture (17.5 d vs 5.5 d).mixed infection (100% vs 12.5%) and lower GCS score (9.1?0.7 vs 13.2?2.1).Concomitant septic shock (OR=13.8) and APACHEⅡscore (OR=2.1) were independent factors of clinical outcome.Conclusions Nosocomial infections caused by PDR-Ab are not untreatable.Our analysis suggests that cefoperazone-sulbactam plus minocycline may be an effective treatment for lower respiratory tract infections caused by PDR-Ab in our hospital.

Hyperthermia is a means of adjuvant therapy, which have a sensitizing effect to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years, the molecular biology, cell and animal experimental research of tumor thermochemotherapy progressed very quickly, which provide theoretical foundation and guidance for us to further develop hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy in clinical trials. In this paper, the studies with the mechanism of thermo-chemotherapy treatment of tumor, different ways of thermochemotherapy and commonly used drugs in thermochemotherapy are reviewed.

The study aims to evaluate the bioequivalence of valsartan hydrochlorothiazide tablets, and to investigate the potential cause of bioinequivalence. This was a single-center study with an open, randomized double-way crossover design. Test and reference preparations containing 160 mg of valsartan and 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide were given to 36 healthy male volunteers. Plasma concentrations of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide were determined simultaneously by LC-MS/MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability were calculated, while the bioequivalence between test and reference preparations were evaluated. The dissolution profiles of test and reference preparations in four different mediums were determined via dissolution test and HPLC. The similarity was investigated according to the similarity factors (f2). The F(o-t) and F(0-infinity) were (139.4 +/- 65.2)% and (137.5 +/- 61.2)% for valsartan of test preparations. It led to get the conclusion that test and reference preparations were not bioequivalent for valsartan. A significant difference was observed between test and reference tablets in the valsartan dissolution test of pH 1.2 hydrochloric acid solution. The key factor of the bioinequivalence might be that dissolution of valsartan in acid medium has marked difference between two preparations.

Adult ; Aged ; Arsenic Poisoning ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To study the neuroprotective effects of erythropoietin on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Method The rat models of 1CH were produced by injecting autologous blood into caudate necleus by using stereotatic techique. One hundred ten male wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely normal group,sham operation group, 1CU group, and EPO treatment group. The immunohistochemistry and TUNEL were used to detect expressions of Bc 1-2 and Bax,and apoptosis cells. LSD- t and Pearson correlation were used to analyzing data. Results The positive cells of TUNEL Bcl-2 and Bax in ICH group and EPO group obviously increased over 6 hours,and reached peak 72 hours later,and decreased over 120 hours,and the positive cells in different intervals significantly decreased in ICH group and EPO group compared with those in sham operation group (P < 0.01). The positive cells of TUNEL and Bax in EPO group in different intervals significantly decreased compared with those in ICH group (P < 0.01). The Bcl-2 positive cells in EPO group in different intervals significantly increased compared with those in ICH group (P < 0.01). The Bax protein expression, Bax/Bcl-2 and apoptosis presented positive correlation (P < 0.01). Conclusions Apoptosis may induce some brain injury after ICH,and EPO can decrease the number of apoptotic cells after ICH by up-regulating Bcl-2 and down-regulating Bax.