Objective To evaluate the damage degree of diseased kidneys in children with hydrone- phrosis using urinary?2-microglobulin(?2-MG),albumin(Alb),T-H glycoprotein(THP)and immuno- globulin(IgG).Methods The?2-MG,Alb,THP and IgG in pelvis urine in diseased kidneys and in healthy kidneys(as controls)were detected in 78 children with congenital hydronephrosis by radioimmuno- assay;at the same time urinary creatinine(Cr)was detected in 36 cases of them.Pathologic changes of the diseased kidneys were graded;and the correlations of pathologic grades with?2-MG,Alb,THP,IgG and?2-MG/Cr,Alb/Cr,THP/Cr,IgG/Cr were analyzed by Spearman's test.Results In healthy and hydro- nephrotic pelvises,the relevant parameters were as follows.Urine?2-MG was(130.06?22.02)ng/ml vs(386.18?42.15)ng/ml;Alb was(80.52?9.32)ng/ml vs(275.54?69.46)ng/ml,respectively (both P＜0.05).Urine?2-MG/Cr was(0.16?0.04)ng/?mol vs(1.57?0.39)ng/?mol;Alb/Cr was (0.11?0.03)ng/?mol vs(1.07?0.56)ng/?mol(both P＜0.01).THP was(25.80?9.02)ng/ml vs(31.43?10.56)ng/ml;and IgG was(15.21?3.56)ng/ml vs(20.52?10.85)ng/ml(P＞0.05). THP/Cr was(0.05?0.01)ng/?mol vs(0.14?0.06)ng/?mol;and IgG/Cr was(0.04?0.01)ng/?mol vs(0.12?0.05)ng/?mol(P＜0.05).There was significant correlation between urine?2-MG,Alb lev- els and pathologic grades(P＜0.05),also between?2-MG/Cr,Alb/Cr levels and pathologic grades(P＜0.01).There was positive correlation between THP,IgG and pathologic grades but with no significance(P＞0.05),also between THP/Cr,IgG/Cr and pathologic grades with significance(P＜0.05).Conclu- sions For hydronephrotic kidneys,urine?2-MG/Cr can evaluate the damage degree of nephric tubules, whereas urine Alb/Cr can evaluate that of glomeruli.Increase in THP/Cr and IgG/Cr respectively indicate the impaired nephric tubules and glomeruli in children with congenital hydronephrosis.

Objective To investigate the ionic mechanism of remifentanil-induced vaso-relaxation by recording calcium-activated K~+-currents(IKCa)in human arterial smooth muscle cells(MASMCs).Methods Human MASMCs were obtained freshly by the method of enzymolysis.IKCa were separated with 4-AP 5 mmol?L~(-1) and recorded by the whole-cell voltage-clamped technique.The effects of remifentanil(1.2,4.8,19.4 mmol?L~(-1))on amplitude and threshold of activation for IKCa were assessed.Results Remifentanil significantly increased IKCa and had no effect on the threshold of activation for IKCa as compared with the control group(P＜0.05 or 0.01),and the IKCa returned to the baseline level after remifentanil was washed out.Conclusion Remifentanil produces vasodilation by activating IKCa in MASMCs.

Situational teaching method was implemented in clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology. The basis of situational teaching was established through the establishment of a typical teaching case library. Students' impression of disease diagnosis and treatment was strengthened by simulation. The students' enthusiasm was improved by their own diagnosis and treatment through the teacher's guidance. With the method of situational teaching, students had better knowledge of obstetrics and gynecology, and their clinical diagnosis and treatment capacity was improved. Situational teaching method can improve the quality of teaching and it is worthy being popularized in clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.

Objective Due to the superior performance,Carbon-Carbon composites,although still at their early stage of development,have gained more and more attention and showed great application potential.Methods According to the National Standard,the biological safety evaluation of carbon-carbon composites were done in the following aspects:cytotoxicity test,acute systemic toxicity test,haemolysis test,pyrogen test,intramuscular implantation test.Results test results showed the biological safety evaluation of carbon-carbon composites well meet the requirement of the national standard with fine biological compatibility.Conclusion The experiment results demonstrate that carbon-carbon composites can be put in clinical application

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of metal plate on radiation dose distribution by Monte Carlo (MC) code. MethodsThe metal plates with 0. 4 thick were placed in water at 5 cm, all the plate irradiated with 6 MV X-ray were simulated by MC code, SSD =100 cm. The percentage depth dose with or without metal implants were compared. ResultsThe surface absorbed doses on incident plane of stainless steel plate and titanium plate were increased by 19. 6％ and 15.7％ respectively as compared water,the dose influence was less than 1.5％ more than 0. 3 cm outside the incidence plane. The doses on the exit surface of stainless steel plate and titanium plate were lowered by 8. 6％ and 8. 2％ when compared with water, the dose impacts of this places where were from the exit surface of stainless steel plate 、titanium plate more than 1.2 cm,0. 9 cm were less than 1.5％. The surface absorbed doses on incident plane of stainless steel plate were increased by 3.9％ respectively as titanium plate, the dose of the exit surface of stainless steel plate and titanium plate was similar. Conclusions MC method is a fast and accurate calculation method. The influence of metal plate on the radiotherapy dose distribution is significant. Under the such condition, the impact of stainless steel plate is much more than that of titanium alloy plate.

Objective To assess the effective length of jejunal graft when the 3~(rd) intestinal artery is u- tilized as vascular pedicle and afford a reliable theoretic base for clinical esophageal reconstruction.Methods In 32 formalin preserved and 21 fresh cadaver specimens,the diameter of 1st to 5th intestinal arteries and diameter of arterial arches are measured with linear calibre.Measure the length of jejunum that can be harves- ted as graft when the arches are extended.In the 21 fresh specimens,the 1st,2nd,4th and 5th intestinal ar- teries are ligated,acetic ester stained with red dye were injected into the lumen of 3rd intestinal artery via catheter.Extent of distribution of the arteries to the jejunum was observed.And then red ABS solution was in- jected into the 3rd intestinal artery to make into cast specimen.The blood supply distribution of jejunum through 3rd intestinal artery-arterial arch and communicating system were observed again.Results The di- ameter of the 3rd intestinal artery was the largest among the 1st to 5th intestinal arteries.The length of jejunum vascularized by 3rd intestinal artery can be as long as (142.2?62.3) (69.0～206.60cm) in acetic ester in- filtrated specimens.While in ABS east specimen,the average available extent of donor jejunum was(30.8?7.3) (23.0～37.3cm).Conclusion As observed by this applied anatomy study,the jejunum graft vascu- larized by 3rd intestinal artery alone has sufficient length to meet the need of esophageal reeonstrution.

Objective To investigate the maximum allowable deviation of retention time (RT) or relative retention time (RRT) between the common poisons (drugs) and standard solvent by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Methods After pretreatment with liquid-liquid extraction, four common poisons (drugs) —dichlorvos, phorate, diazepam and estazolam—were detected by full scan mode GC-MS.RT and RRT were analyzed according to combined uncertainty and expanded uncertainty. Results The expanded uncertainty of RT and RRT were 6.0× lO-4-14.1×l0-3 and 2.5 ×l0-6-5.9× lO-5 (k=3), respectively.The RT of poisons (drugs) was relatively stable in blood samples with different mass concentrations.Among dichlorvos, phorate, diazepam and estazolam, the absolute deviation and relative deviation of RT were≤0.03 min and≤0.4％, respectively, and those of RRT were≤0.003 min and≤0.3％, respectively.Conclusion The maximum allowable deviations of RT and RRT for common poisons (drugs) in blood samples are recommended to be±0.05 min and±0.5％.

To study the genetic variation and evolutionary characteristics of H1N1 swine influenza virus, all the eight genes of LM were amplified by RT- PCR, cloned into pMD18-T vector and sequenced respectively. The results showed that neither insertion nor deletion was observed in nucleotides of LM. The amino acids sequence of cleavage site of HA is IPSIQSR decrease G, suggesting that LM did not have the molecular characteristics of high pathogen. HA had highly conservative N-glycosylation site at position 11, 23, 87 and 276 sites of HA1, and two more at position 154 and 213 sites of HA2. NA had highly conservative N-glycosylation site at position 58, 63, 68, 88, 146, and two more at position 44 and 235 sites, which might be one molecular characteristics of H1N1 subtype of SIV. The results of Bast showed HA gene had high homology to the strain of 'human-like' SIV (99%), while others had high homology to the 'classical' SIV. So it is inferred that HA of LM might originate from human-like linage swine influenza virus, while others might originate from 'classical' swine influenza virus.
Animals ; Cloning, Molecular ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; chemistry ; genetics ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; classification ; genetics ; Neuraminidase ; chemistry ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo explore the method of constructing tissue-engineered skin using melanocytes and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vivo.

METHODSMelanocytes were isolated from human foreskin. BMSCs were isolated from human bone marrow. Both of them were co-cultured at a ratio of 1:10, and then were implanted into the collagen membrane to construct the tissue-engineered skin, which was applied for wound repair in nude mice. The effectiveness of wound repair and the distribution of melanocytes were evaluated by morphological observation, in vivo 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, dihydrochloride (DAPI) fluorescent staining tracing, HE staining, S-100 immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy.

RESULTSThe wounds were satisfactorily repaired among the nude mice. The melanocytes were distributed in the skin with normal structure, as confirmed by DAPI fluorescent staining tracing, HE staining, S-100 immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy.

CONCLUSIONMelanocytes and BMSCs, after proper in vitro culture at an appropriate ratio, can construct the tissue-engineered skin with I type collagen membrane.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Collagen Type I ; Humans ; Melanocytes ; cytology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Skin ; injuries ; Skin, Artificial ; Tissue Engineering

OBJECTIVETo investigate BCL-6 gene mutations in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL) and their implications in lymphoma pathogenesis.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct DNA sequencing methods were used to identify mutations in the 5'-noncoding region of BCL-6 gene in 135 cases of B-NHL, 5 cases of T-NHL, 5 cases of nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's lymphoma (NLPHL) and 10 cases of reactive hyperplasia of lymph node.

RESULTSMutations were identified in 6 cases of nodal DLBCL (27.3%), 4 cases of FL (22.2%), 4 cases of MALT lymphoma (22.2%), 4 cases of extranodal DLBCL (20.7%) and 2 cases of LRH (20%). No mutations were detected in T-NHL and NLPHL (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in incidences of BCL-6 gene mutations between nodal and extranodal DLBCL (P > 0.05). All mutations were base substitutions and the frequency of single-base change was 0.14 x 10(-2)/bp approximately 0.68 x 10(-2)/bp.

CONCLUSIONSMutations of the 5'non-coding region of BCL-6 gene may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of B-NHL. Molecular demonstration of such mutations may provide a marker of lymphomas derived from the germinal center-related B cells.

5' Untranslated Regions ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Base Sequence ; Child ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Point Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; Transcription Factors ; genetics