Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 6 h 99mTc-diethyl iminodiacetic acid (99mTc-EHIDA) planar hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS),6 h tomographic HBS and 24 h planar HBS in diagnosis on biliary atresia(BA).Methods Seventy cases(32 male,38 female) with continuous jaundice received planar and tomographic HBS in Beijing Friendship Hospital from Jan.2005 to Dec.2007.The mean age was 48.7 d (29 d-4 months).According to final diagnosis,all cases were divided into BA group (45 cases) and non-BA group (25 cases).All cases fasted at least 4 hours before HBS.The equipment was 3 head IRIX from Philips company with low energy high resolution collimator.The tracer was 99mTc-EHIDA and the radiochemistry purity was more than 95 percent.The dosage was 7.4 MBq/kg.All diagnosis demonstrated by operation pathology and clinical follow-up.All cases received HBS at 5,10,15,20,30 min and 1,6 h after tracer injection.HBS would ended if radioactivity appeared in gallbladder or intestine.These cases would received tomographic HBS and 24 h HBS if radioactivity did not appear in gallbladder or intestine at 6 h post injection.All these images were analyzed by 2 or more nuclear medicine physicians.Results There were not radioactivity appearing in gallbladder and intestine on planar and tomographic HBS of 27 cases,which suggested the BA.There were radioactivity appearing in gallbladder and intestine on planar and tomographic HBS of 30 cases,which suggested the non-BA.Positive rate of 6 h tomographic HBS was significantly higher than that of 6 h planar HBS and there was significantly difference between the 2 methods.Positive rate of 6 h tomographic HBS was significantly higher than that of 24 h planar HBS and there was significant difference between the 2 methods.Conclusions 99mTc-EHIDA HBS is a noninvasive,safety,valuable examing method and has definitely clinical value in the diagnosis on BA.The clinical value of 6 h tomographic HBS is significantly higher than that of 6 h planar HBS and 24 h planar HBS.

Norovirus ; chemistry ; Receptors, Virus ; physiology ; Viral Structural Proteins ; chemistry ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology

Objective To determine the effect of iron deficiency on hemoglobin A2(HbA2) expression in patients with β-thalassemia.Methods The participants were recruited from the out-patient clinics of the Pediatrics Department and Obstetrics Department of Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College and from some β-thalassemia major families.Blood samples from the participants were used for blood smear tests and hemoglobin electrophoresis and to analyze serum ferritin (SF),3 alpha-globin gene deletions,and 17 beta-globin point mutations.Results Of the 408 individuals,304 were assigned to group A (normal controls),26 to group B (iron deficiency),56 to group C (β-thalassemia),and 22 to group D (β-thalassemia combined with iron deficiency). The results for the comparison of the mean HbA2 values among pairs of groups were as follows: group A vs group B,q=5.074 7,P<0.05; group A vs group C,q=37.650 8,P<0.05; group A vs group D,q=16.043 0,P<0.05;group C vs group D,q=7.682 9,P<0.05; Group B vs group D,q=15.806 6,P<0.05. There were no significant correlation between SF and HbA2 in all 4 groups.Conclusions Iron deficiency decreased the HbA2 level in both controls and individuals with β-thalassemia. HbA2 levels decreased significantly in individuals with both β-thalassemia and iron deficiency as compared with β-thalassemia group alone. However,they remained significantly higher than both the control and iron-deficient groups. Therefore,the elevation of HbA2 could be used to diagnose β-thalassemia reliably even in the presence of iron deficiency.

Objective To investigate the ionic mechanism of remifentanil-induced vaso-relaxation by recording calcium-activated K~+-currents(IKCa)in human arterial smooth muscle cells(MASMCs).Methods Human MASMCs were obtained freshly by the method of enzymolysis.IKCa were separated with 4-AP 5 mmol?L~(-1) and recorded by the whole-cell voltage-clamped technique.The effects of remifentanil(1.2,4.8,19.4 mmol?L~(-1))on amplitude and threshold of activation for IKCa were assessed.Results Remifentanil significantly increased IKCa and had no effect on the threshold of activation for IKCa as compared with the control group(P＜0.05 or 0.01),and the IKCa returned to the baseline level after remifentanil was washed out.Conclusion Remifentanil produces vasodilation by activating IKCa in MASMCs.

Seven acylated triterpene saponins were isolated from the roots of Securidaca inappendiculata by means of various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel, MPLC, preparative HPLC, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their chemical structures were identified as securioside A(1), securioside B(2), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-4-O-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(3), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3) ] -4-O-[(E/Z)-3, 4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(3/4), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl presenegenin 28-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-4-O-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester(5), polygalasa- ponin XLV(6), and polygalasaponin XLVI (7) on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis and physicochemical properties. Among them, compounds 5-7 were isolated from the plants in genus Securidaca for the first time and compounds 3, 3/4 were isolated from the species for the first time. The cytotoxicity assay showed that compounds 2, 3/4, 5 have moderate cytotoxic activities against Lewis lung carcinoma LLC cells with IC50 values of 41.10, 38.17, and 48.92 µmol · L(-1), respectively; compound 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells with an IC50 value of 47.93 µmol · L(-1).
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Securidaca ; chemistry

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; DNA, Viral ; blood ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Guanine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Nucleosides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Organophosphonates ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidinones ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Tenofovir ; Thymidine ; analogs & derivatives ; Treatment Outcome ; Virus Replication

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Liangge San to the expression of CD14 and scaverger receptor(SR) in the kupffer cells of liver and the pathological changes of liver tissue of endotoxemia-mice.

METHODThe model was established with intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and at the same time different dose Liangge San were given. The expression of CD14 and scaverger receptor were detected with immunohigtochemistry at the 2nd, 4th, 8th hour ofter injury and analyzed with computer image system, and the pathological changes of liver tissue were also observed.

RESULTAt the three different hours, the expression of CD14 and scaverger receptor in macrophages of liver of LPS-injury group showed significant increase and significant decrease respectively, compared with that of the blank-control group (P < 0.01). The expression in dexamethasone group and Liangge San different dose groups were intermediate between those in injury group and those in control group. Compared with expression of LPS-injury group, those of dexamethasone group and Liangge San different dose groups showed significant differences (P < 0.01), especially that of Liangge San high dose group. Liver cells showed vacuole change. Changes of CD14 and SR expression were paralleled with the severity of liver damages of the mice.

CONCLUSIONLiangge San can inhibite the up-regulation of CD14 expression and down-regulation of scaverger receptor expression in a dosage-dependent manner and also alleviate the damages of liver induced by LPS.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Endotoxemia ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Kupffer Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Receptors, Scavenger ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and safety of the treatment for thoracolumbar fractures with transpedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach.

METHODSFrom June 2007 to December 2008, 19 cases of thoracolumbar fractures were treated with transpedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach. There were 7 female and 12 male, ranging from 21 to 57 years of age (mean 40.8 years) at surgery. The time from injury to surgery varied from 1 d to 5 d (mean 2.9 d). Nineteen patients all suffered from single thoracolumbar fracture with the distribution of injury level being T(11) in 1, T(12) in 5, L(1) in 9, and L(2) in 4. According to Denis fracture classification, there were 5 compression fractures and 14 burst fractures. The mean preoperative ratio of the anterior height of the body was 57.2%, kyphosis angle was 17.6° and occupation of spinal canal was 27.7%. The mean preoperative load-sharing classification of spine fractures was 5.2. Based on the ASIA neurologic grading system, preoperative neurological function was grade B in 2 cases, C in 9 and D in 8.

RESULTSMedian operating time was 83.8 min (range 60-95 min) and median blood loss was 133 ml (range 90 - 200 ml). Infection did not occur in any of the patients and the operative incisions were healing well. Average follow-up time was 19.2 months (range 12 - 36 months). At the latest follow-up, the height of the anterior border was corrected to 88.4%, the kyphosis angle was 6.1°, and the occupation of spinal canal was 8.2% on average. The postoperative neurologic function of all 19 patients was improved with grade D in 2 cases and E in 17. There were no instances of instrumentation failure and no patient had persistent postoperative back pain.

CONCLUSIONSTranspedicular intracorporeal hydroxyapatite grafting and pedicle screw fixation via paraspinal approach could provide reliable neurologic improvement in patients with incomplete neurologic deficit, and could prevent the development of kyphosis.Furthermore, it has the obvious advantages of less invasive and blood loss, and decreases the risks of postoperative lumbodorsal pain.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Durapatite ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

This study was purposed to explore the expression of P27(kip1)and cyclin G in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and its correlation. The reverse polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyse the expression of P27(kip1) and cyclin G mRNA in 89 AL patients and 10 normal persons; Western blot was used to analyze the expression of P27(kip1) and cyclin G protein in 39 AL patients and 10 normal persons. The results showed that the cyclin G mRNA and protein expressions in new diagnosed/relapsed cases of AL were significantly higher than those in patients with remission and normal controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01), but there was no difference between remission cases and normal controls (p > 0.05). The expression of P27(kip1) mRNA in newly diagnosed/relapsed patients with AL was not significantly different from patients with remission and normal controls (p > 0.05), while the P27(kip1) protein expression in remission cases of AL and normal controls was significantly higher than that in new diagnosed/relapsed cases (p < 0.05), but there was no difference between remission cases and normal controls (p > 0.05). The expression of P27(kip1) negatively and lowly correlated with the expression of cyclin G in patients with AL. It is concluded that the low expression of P27(kip1) and the high expression of cyclin G in patients with AL may have some correlation with genesis and development of AL and may be an indication for poor prognosis of AL.
Adult ; Cyclin G1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and significance of nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) mRNA in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cirrhotic liver and normal liver tissue.

METHODScNOS mRNA expression in 80 HCC, 40 cirrhotic liver and 20 normal liver tissue were observed by in situ hybridization. CD34 immunostain was used to measure the microvascular density (MVD) and Ki-67 immunostain to proliferative index.

RESULTSExpression of cNOS mRNA was observed in the liver cancer cells, endothelial cells in the non-cancerous liver tissues and mononuclear and/or phagocytes. Expression of cNOS mRNA in tumor cells of HCC was higher than that in the liver cells of cirrhotic liver (P < 0.01) which was higher than the normal liver tissue. Expression in the endothelial cells was higher in HCC and cirrhotic liver than those in the normal liver tissue (P < 0.01). HCC with positive cNOS mRNA expression in the endothelial cells showed higher extent of neovascularization and degree of proliferative index. The more MVD, the higher proliferative index, which increased in metastatic tumors.

CONCLUSIONcNOS mRNA expression was involved in oncogenesis, angiogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood supply ; enzymology ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; blood supply ; enzymology ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood supply ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; etiology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; genetics ; physiology