Objective Canine model established for tracheal defect reconstruction,to investigate the outcome of tracheal reconstruction with combination of polypropynene and flap.Methods About 3.5 to 4 centimeter cervical trachea was resected and replaced with artificial trachea made from monofilament knitted polypropylene and surgical flap.Covered stent Was implanted postoperatively.Survival period and quality of life were recorded,brunchofibroscopy,X-ray films and HE sections were perfomed.Results Six dogs survived well and another two died.The causes of death were respiratory failure in 1 and infection in another.Stenosis of anastomosis in 1 Was recorded during survival period.The dogs started drinking and eating on the second postoperative day,no dyspnea Was found.The animals were sacrificed at 2,4,8 weeks and 6 months after surgery.Soft tissue growth Was found in polypropynene net 2 weeks after surgery and more at 4 weeks.The polypropynene net was covered completely with soft tissue at 8 weeks and 6 months postoperatively.the hardness and sustentation degree were enhanced following the growth and fibrosis of soft tissue.The squamous epithelium and columnar epithelium were ohserved healing well by HE staining method.Conclusions One-stage operative artificial trachea made from monofilament knitted polypropylene which has good histocompatibility and surgical flap is the closer artificial trachea to native trachea.It has a promising prospect in clinical use.

OBJECTIVETo investigate hereditary susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD) in apolipoprotein E(apo E) and apo B polymorphisms of youths.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to analyze apoE, apoB Xba I, apoB 3' variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) genotypes for 244 healthy Han students (among them were 109 students with positive CHD family history).

RESULTSThe allele frequencies of apo e4, XbaI x(+), 3'VNTR-B(hypervariable element, HVE>38) in the positive group were obviously higher than those in the negative group(P<0.05), and were significantly correlated with the increase in TC, LDL-C, apoB100 levels (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe alleles for apo e4, XbaI x(+), 3'VNTR-B may be the important genetic markers of Han CHD.

Adolescent ; Alleles ; Apolipoproteins B ; genetics ; Apolipoproteins E ; genetics ; Coronary Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult

Light intensity, gas temperature, soil temperature and gas exchange parameters were determined of three years old Panax notoginseng planted on different layers seedbed and different location (left, middle, right) of the same layer in greenhouse. Result show that diurnal variation of light intensity, gas temperature and soil temperature showed that upper layer > middle layer > lower layer; different locations of the same layer showed that light intensity of upper layer was not different among different locations; light intensity of middle and lower layer in right and left were the same, and significantly higher than those in the middle position; the gas temperature of each layer all with less different of each location; soil temperature of 12 cm depth is the lowest, and was gradually increased to the upper and lower surface; net photosynthetic efficiency of P. notoginseng showed that upper layer > middle layer > lower layer; there were significant correlation between soil temperature, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and photosynthetic rate were correlated with light intensity significantly; transpiration rates had notable correlation with light intensity and gas temperature. All above indicated that net photosynthesis rate of P. notoginseng was affected by light intensity directly, gas temperature and soil temperature indirectly. Inconclusion, stereoscopic cultivation of P. notoginseng was practicable in present study. The planting quality of P. notoginseng under stereoscopic cultivation could be improved by ameliorate the structure of seedbed to enhance the light intensity of middle and lower layer. Increase the thickness of the seedbed to decrease the temperature difference of soil. Further the management of ventilation facilities of greenhouse to control the gas temperature.
Carbon Dioxide ; metabolism ; Light ; Panax notoginseng ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; Soil ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of thermal cycling on surface microstructure of different light-curing composite resins.

METHODSA nanofilled composite (Z350) and 4 microhybrid composites (P60, Z250, Spectrum, and AP-X) were fabricated from lateral to center to form cubic specimens. The lateral surfaces were abrased and polished before water storage and 40 000 thermal cycles (5/55 degrees celsius;). The mean surface roughness (Ra) were measured and compared before and after thermal cycling, and the changes of microstructure were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM).

RESULTSSignificant decreases of Ra were observed in the composites, especially in Spectrum (from 0.164±0.024 µm to 0.140±0.017 µm, P<0.001) and Z250 (from 0.169±0.035 µm to 0.144±0.033 µm, P<0.001), whose Ra approximated that of P60 (0.121±0.028 µm) with smoothly polished surface. SEM revealed scratches and shallower pits on the surface of all the 5 resins, and fissures occurred on Z350 following the thermal cycling.

CONCLUSIONWater storage and thermal cycling may produce polishing effect on composite resins and cause fissures on nanofilled composite resins.

Composite Resins ; Dental Polishing ; Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives ; Materials Testing ; Surface Properties ; Temperature

Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion has been widely accepted as a useful therapeutics all over the world, but its mechanism has not been fully defined. For this purpose, a reticular framework of whole-body fascia and connective tissues has been established by means of digitized virtual human technique. The virtual acupoints represented three-dimensionally were compared with the sites for stimulation in practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) acupuncture therapy. The results showed that the fascial network constituted by the connective tissues may be the anatomical basis for acupuncture therapy. We found that the acupoints were mainly located where thick connective tissues were present. In this fascial network, sensitive nerve endings, active cells and lymphatic vessels abounded in the sites with thick connective tissue, and needling at these sites induced definite biological effects. In light of biological phylogeny and embryo development, we believe that the connective tissue network may constitute a new functional system in the human body, the Self-supervision and control system (Fasciology), which provides a theoretical base for acupuncture therapy.
Acupuncture ; methods ; Acupuncture Points ; Connective Tissue ; anatomy & histology ; Fascia ; anatomy & histology ; Female ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Meridians ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Neurological

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and safety of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV, DAIDING) for Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients with lamivudine (LAM) resistance.

METHODSThis study was a multicenter, double-blind clinical trial. 209 chronic hepatitis B patients with LAM resistance were randomly put in an ADV, DAIDING or a LAM group. After 24 and 48-weeks of treatment, serum HBV DNA levels were measured by quantitative PCR and liver function tests; HBV serology and safety assessments were also conducted.

RESULTSThe mean reduction of HBV DNA from baseline at 24 and 48 weeks was significantly greater in the ADV group compared with that in the LAM group (2.40 log10 vs 0.94 log10, P < 0.01; 2.71 log10 vs 1.07 log10, P < 0.01). In the ADV group, the virological response and ALT normalization at 24 and 48 weeks were significantly higher than those in the LAM group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the portion of HBeAg reduction, HBeAg seroconversion and incidence of adverse events. There was no severe adverse event related to the investigational product, DAIDING, in this trial.

CONCLUSIONDAIDING (ADV) is effective and safe for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with LAM resistance.

Adenine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; pharmacology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organophosphonates ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the blockness effects of purified polyclonal anti-porin I antibody on N. gonorrhoeae adherence to genitourinary tract epithelia of BALB/c mouse.

METHODSPolyclonal anti GST-PI antibody was generated by immunizing rabbit with GST-PI fusion protein which was constructed and expressed by ourselves. The purified immunoglobulin G was obtained by ammonium sulphate deposition and DEAE cellulose chromatography. Mice model of gonorrhea was established. In order to evaluate the effects of PI-IgG on gonococcus adhesion to vagina mucus, the macroscopic and pathological assessing as well as gonococcus culture was employed after gonococcus challenge on PI-IgG immunized mice.

RESULTNo pus and pathological inflammation were observed on mice vagina mucus treated with 1 mg/ml PI-IgG 3 hours before gonococcus challenge. Gonococcus could not be detected in the smears and washing solutions from vagina. Pathological inflammation was found in mice treated with anti PI-IgG, in which the concentrations were lower than 1 mg/ml or the treated time was longer than 3 hours prior to gonococcus challenge.

CONCLUSIONThe purified anti PI-IgG can effectively inhibit the adherence and infection of gonococci to genitourinary tract epithelia of BALB/c mice. In addition, the blocking duration of anti PI-IgG is associated with antibody concentration.

Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Bacterial Adhesion ; drug effects ; Epithelium ; drug effects ; microbiology ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Gonorrhea ; microbiology ; prevention & control ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; drug effects ; physiology ; Porins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Urogenital System ; drug effects ; microbiology

Objective To study the changes in red blood cells(RBCs),hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(HCT),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),RBC distribution width variation coefficient(RDW-CV)and RBC distribution width standard deviation(RDW-SD)of leukocyte-poor red blood cells preserved in navy ship force on a long voyage.Methods According to the Requirement of Health Examination for Blood Donors(GB 18467 -2011),red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced were randomly collected from ten healthy voluntary blood donors one day before sailing.Each blood sample was preserved.The relevant parameters were detected as data before sailing.Each blood sample was divided into two parts,one in test group and the other in control group.Samples were taken from the two groups of leukocyte-poor red blood cells for the sampling detection after 21 days of sailing respectively.Results ①After sailing, the concentrations of RBCs and Hb declined in both groups,and the difference of RBC concentrations was not significant(P=0.319),but that of the concentrations of Hb was significant(P=0.002).②After sailing, the concentrations of HCT and MCV increased, but the change of HCT was significant(P=0.015),while that of MCV was insignificant(P=0.051).③After sailing,the concentrations of RDW-SD and RDW-CV were higher,but the change of RDW-SD was significant(P<0.001),while that of RDW-CV was not(P=0.528).Conclusion When leukocyte-poor red blood cells are preserved in navy ship force,the concentrations of RBC and Hb decrease,while the concentrations of HCT,MCV,RDW-SD and RDW-CV increase with the prolongation of preservation.A long voyage has some impact on the parameters of red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced,as is the case with the conventional blood storage refrigerator(4 ±2)℃.

Objective To explore the influence on and changes in the biochemical indices of red blood cells(RBCs)in additive solution leukocytes reduced preserved in navy ship force on a long voyage.Methods According to the Requirement of Health Examination for Blood Donors(GB 18467 -2011),RBCs in additive solution leukocytes reduced were prepared from 10 healthy voluntary blood donators one day before sailing.Each blood sample was divided into two parts,one in test group and another in control group.All the groups had samples taken for the biochemical index detection after 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 days of sailing respectively.Results ①The change in total protein(P=0.235)and albumin (P=0.119)concentration was not obvious,and the difference between the two groups was not significant.②The change in total creatinine(P=0.001)and uric acid(P=0.001)concentration was obvious, but the difference between the two groups was not significant.③The change in total cholesterol(P=0.354)concentration was not obvious,but the change in triglycerides(P=0.005)concentration was significant.The difference between the two groups was not significant.④The concentration of lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase increased with the time of preservation(P<0.001).The difference between the two groups was not significant.⑤The interaction between grouping effect and time effect had no significant influence on the concentration of osmolarity(OSM)(P=0.968)and glucose(Glu) (P=0.406).Between the two groups,the difference of concentrations of OSM(P=0.569)and Glu(P=0.115)was not significant.Conclusion Under the 4 class sea conditions, a long voyage has some impact on the storage of RBCs in additive solution leukocytes reduced,as in the conventional blood storage refrigerator(4 ±2)℃.The results of this study have important clinical implications for our further study of marine blood support.

OBJECTIVETo review the progress of cardiac differentiation and electrophysiological characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

DATA SOURCESThe databases of PubMed, Springer Link, Science Direct and CNKI were retrieved for papers published from January 2000 to January 2012 with the key words of "bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, cardiac or heart, electrophysiology or electrophysiological characteristics".

STUDY SELECTIONThe articles concerned cardiac differentiation and electrophysiological characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were collected. After excluding papers that study purposes are not coincident with this review or contents duplicated, 56 papers were internalized at last.

RESULTSFor the treatment of myocardial infarction and myocardiac disease, the therapeutic effects of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which have the ability to develop into functional myocardial cells by lots of methods have been proved by many researches. But the arrhythmogenic effect on ventricles after transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived myocardial cells is still controversial in animal models. Certainly, the low differentiation efficiency and heterogeneous development of electrical function could be the most important risk for proarrhythmia.

CONCLUSIONMany studies of cardiac differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have paid attention to improve the cardiac differentiation rate, and the electrophysiology characteristics of the differentiated cells should be concerned for the risk for proarrhythmia as well.

Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Electrophysiology ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; physiology