Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare tumor characterized by proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells,often occurs in the head and neck,followed by gastrointestinal and skin.Diagnosis is based on biopsy,which is the only accurate and reliable method.EMP is needed to discriminate with similar diseases.Radiotherapy is the preferred treatment method of EMP,because it has a higher radiation sensitivity.Sometime we can choose comprehensive treatment because of illness need.Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is not as the preferred treatment option because of transplant rejection.

Objective To investigate the morbidity,clinical feature,diagnosis and therapy of ovarian disease in children.Methods Eighty-two children with ovarian disease were admitted and treated in Nanjing children's hospital from Jan.1992 to Jan.2007,were analyzed retrospectively with age,emergency admissions or not,dwell,pathology and method of operation.Results The age of 82 patients ranged from 1 day to 14 years old and the mean age was 6.7 years old.Thirty-one cases(37.8%) were emergency admissions and 51 cases(62.2%) were routine admissions.Twenty-seven cases(32.9%) were rural patients and 55 cases(67.1%) were urban patients.Forty-five cases(54.8%) were nontumorous disorder,31 cases(37.8%) were benign tumor and only 6 cases(7.4%) were malignant tumor.About the morbidity,12 patients(14.6%)were admitted from 1992 to 1996,24 patients(29.5%) from 1997 to 2001 and 46 patients(55.9%) from 2002 to 2007.Chemotherapy were carried out in 6 cases with malignant tumor in internal medicine,2 cases with sexual precosity kept observation,the others were cured.Conclusions Ovarian disease can occur at any age in children.The clinical manifestation is characterized mainly by acute abdomen.The incidence of ovarian disease of children in urban areas is higher than that children in rural areas.The morbidity continues to show an upward tendency and the pathologic manifestations are mostly benign,laparoscopic operation has obviously superiority.

Flavonoids is one of the biggest families of the plant-derived secondary metabolites with structural diversity. Until now, over 10 000 kinds of flavonoids with distinct structures have been purified and identified from plants, and some of them possess a range of important pharmacological effects, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory and so on. So far, a number of genes and enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of flavonoids have been reported, especially, a great of progress has been achieved in the synthetic biology of flavonoids in the recent years. Herein, based upon a brief introduction on the biosynthesis of flavonoids, this review summarizes the research advances in synthetic biology of flavonoids in the past two decades (2001-2021), highlighting the cell factories construction of the representative flavonoids. And, a brief discussion and prospects of the relevant metabolic bottlenecks and optimizing strategies are proposed.

Bacillus anthracis collagen-like protein(BclA) is a structural component of the exosporium filaments,as well as the immunodominant antigen on the spore surface.The genes encoding BclA proteins were cloned and sequenced from three Bacillus anthracis strains separated from China.It was founded that the BclA proteins of strain A16R and 40048,containing 388 and 322 amino acids,72 and 50 copies of GXX repeat,5 and 3 copies of 21-amino-acid sequence(GPT)_(5)GDTGTT(BclA repeat) respectively,are different from those reported by foreign scholars;while the BclA protein of strain 40022,containing 370 amino acids,66 copies of GXX repeat,and 5 copies of BclA repeat,is identical with that of strain 53169 reported by others.The results are helpful for the molecular typing of B.anthracis strains,and provide a basis for the elucidation of the pathogenesis and immunogenicity of B.anthracis spore.

Objective To evaluate the damage degree of diseased kidneys in children with hydrone- phrosis using urinary?2-microglobulin(?2-MG),albumin(Alb),T-H glycoprotein(THP)and immuno- globulin(IgG).Methods The?2-MG,Alb,THP and IgG in pelvis urine in diseased kidneys and in healthy kidneys(as controls)were detected in 78 children with congenital hydronephrosis by radioimmuno- assay;at the same time urinary creatinine(Cr)was detected in 36 cases of them.Pathologic changes of the diseased kidneys were graded;and the correlations of pathologic grades with?2-MG,Alb,THP,IgG and?2-MG/Cr,Alb/Cr,THP/Cr,IgG/Cr were analyzed by Spearman's test.Results In healthy and hydro- nephrotic pelvises,the relevant parameters were as follows.Urine?2-MG was(130.06?22.02)ng/ml vs(386.18?42.15)ng/ml;Alb was(80.52?9.32)ng/ml vs(275.54?69.46)ng/ml,respectively (both P＜0.05).Urine?2-MG/Cr was(0.16?0.04)ng/?mol vs(1.57?0.39)ng/?mol;Alb/Cr was (0.11?0.03)ng/?mol vs(1.07?0.56)ng/?mol(both P＜0.01).THP was(25.80?9.02)ng/ml vs(31.43?10.56)ng/ml;and IgG was(15.21?3.56)ng/ml vs(20.52?10.85)ng/ml(P＞0.05). THP/Cr was(0.05?0.01)ng/?mol vs(0.14?0.06)ng/?mol;and IgG/Cr was(0.04?0.01)ng/?mol vs(0.12?0.05)ng/?mol(P＜0.05).There was significant correlation between urine?2-MG,Alb lev- els and pathologic grades(P＜0.05),also between?2-MG/Cr,Alb/Cr levels and pathologic grades(P＜0.01).There was positive correlation between THP,IgG and pathologic grades but with no significance(P＞0.05),also between THP/Cr,IgG/Cr and pathologic grades with significance(P＜0.05).Conclu- sions For hydronephrotic kidneys,urine?2-MG/Cr can evaluate the damage degree of nephric tubules, whereas urine Alb/Cr can evaluate that of glomeruli.Increase in THP/Cr and IgG/Cr respectively indicate the impaired nephric tubules and glomeruli in children with congenital hydronephrosis.

Child ; Ectodermal Dysplasia ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Family Health ; Genes, Recessive ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Factors

Norovirus ; chemistry ; Receptors, Virus ; physiology ; Viral Structural Proteins ; chemistry ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology

According to Chinese medicine, the atlantoaxial joint is a composite joint composed of tendons and bones, and the stability of the joint depends on the 'tendon-bone balance' involving tendons, ligaments, atlas and axis. Multiple causes of 'tendon off-position, joint subluxation' will lead to joint 'tendon-bone imbalance', which will evolve into atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), endangering human health. Chinese therapeutic massage (tuina) is a very effective treatment for AAS in adults, but conventional manipulations are prone to ineffectiveness or accidents due to neglect of the causal relationship of the 'tendon-bone imbalance' and inappropriate manipulations. Compared with conventional manipulations, the rational choice of modified manipulations under the guidance of 'tendon-bone balance' theory is more effective and less risky, and more worthy of clinical promotion. From the 'tendon-bone balance' theory, we considered the shortcomings of conventional manipulations, and introduced several modified manipulations that have their own strengths in 'tendon smoothing' and 'bone setting', in order to provide new ideas for treatment of AAS in adults.

Selective markers used in yeast vector for gene manipulation were usually drug resistance or autotrophy. Unfortunately, drug resistance selective marker requires drug sensitive host and most industrial strains were not autotrophy. In this paper, flocculation gene (FLO1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ABXL-1D was amplified by PCR, sequenced and cloned to construct an expression vector. The new vector was easy to manipulate and suitable for broad host of yeasts without either autotrophy or drugs. beta-glucosidase gene from Bacillus polymyxa was cloned with the vector and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The specific activity of beta-glucosidase of the recombinant yeast cell-free extract was 3.91 u/mg protein. The residue glucose of the recombinant yeast was considerably reduced in mixed fermentation of glucose and cellobiose. It should be favorable for ethanol fermentation when utilize lignocellulosic biomass as raw material.
Bacillus ; enzymology ; genetics ; Flocculation ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; metabolism ; beta-Glucosidase ; biosynthesis ; genetics

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of apogossypolone (ApoG2) on proliferative inhibition and apoptotic induction of multiple myeloma cells and its mechanism. The effects of ApopG2 on cell growth, cell viability, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were determined by Hoechst 33258 staining, DNA ladder formation and subdiploid peak analysis respectively. Cleavage of caspase-3 and caspase-9 was analyzed by colorimetric assay. Expression of BCL-2 and BCL-XL was detected by flow cytometry. The results indicated that the ApoG2 inhibited multiple myeloma cell proliferation in dose-and time-dependent manners, with IC(50) value to both U266 and Wusl cells at 0.1 and 0.2 micromol/L at 48 hours after treatment. ApoG2 effectively inhibited the proliferation of multiple myeloma cells, the IC(50) value in U266 cells and Wusl cells (at 48 hours) were 0.1 micromol/L and 0.2 micromol/L respectively. ApoG2 could induce the apoptosis of cells of myeloma in a time-dependent manner.The typical apoptotic morphological changes were observed under transmission electron microscope, while DNA ladder formation and remarkable peak of subdiploid cells appeared. ApoG2 could arrest the myeloma cells in G(2) phase, increasing from 9.7%(0 micromol/L) to 19.6% (10 micromol/L) in U266 cells and 9.8%(0 micromol/L) to 31.7% (10 micromol/L) in Wusl cells. ApoG2 could induce increase of caspase 9 and caspase 3 activity and down-regulate the expression of BCL-XL in U266 and Wusl cells, as well as the expression of BCL-2 in Wusl cells. It is concluded that ApoG2 has significant effect of antiproliferation and induction of apoptosis on multiple myeloma cells in vitro, ant its mechanisms may involve in down-regulation of BCL-2/BCL-XL and in change of cell cycle.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Gossypol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; bcl-X Protein ; metabolism