Objective To establish a method for studying molecular mechanism of Rhubarb inhibiting anti-Yersinia pesti based on DNA microarray.Methods A whole genome DN A microarray containing 4005 annotated genes of Yersiniapesti Was used.The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of Rhubarb to Yersiniapestiwas determined by liquid dilution method.The gene expression profile of Yersinia pesti was performed after the exposure to Rhubarb at a concentration of 10×MIC for 30 minutes.The total RNA extracted and purified from Yersinia pesti Was reversely transfected to cDNA and labeled by Cy3-Cy5 dye.The labeled probes were hybridized to the microarray anti the results were obtained by a laser scanner and the microarray data was confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR.Results The platform of the DNA microarray-based bacteria transcriptional profile was established.A total of 498 genes of Yersinia pesti changed significantly in response to Rhubarb.Among them.358 genes were up-regulated,140 down-reguated.Conclusions The whole genome DNA microarray can be used in the studying of molecular anti-Yersinia pesti mechanism of Rhubarb.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Gushen Peiyuan Recipe (GPR) on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA in Shen-yang-deficiency (SYD) rats suffering from cochlea apoptosis, thus providing a theoretical basis to the treatment and prevention of sensorineural hearing loss and fill Chinese medine's theory of kidney-ear-correlation with new substance.

METHODSRats were induced into experimental SYD animal models by injecting cetacort into their buttocks. Rats in the blank and model groups were given 10 mL/kg normal saline by gastrogavage, and 31 g/kg, 15.5 g/kg and 7.5 g/kg GPR were given to the rats in the high, medium and low dose groups by gastrogavage respectively. RT-PCR was adopted to detect the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax.

RESULTSLevels of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and Bcl-2/Bax enhanced, and mRNA expression of Bax attenuated in the model rats after GPR treatment, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio increased, showing insignificant difference when compared with the blank control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGPR plays a significant role in regulating the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax, therefore improving the hearing of SYD rats and protecting the structure and function of cochlea.

Animals ; Cochlea ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of different doses of aminophylline in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with different postmenstrual ages, weights, and ages (in days).

METHODSA total of 40 VLBW infants with apnea were enrolled. After an intravenous loading dose of 5 mg/kg aminophylline, they were randomized into two groups with different maintenance doses of aminophylline (1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg, once every 8 hours). Blood concentrations of aminophylline and liver and renal functions were monitored at 8 hours, 3 days, and 7 days after the loading dose. Attacks of apnea were documented. Pharmacokinetic data of aminophylline were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe steady-state plasma concentration of aminophylline and plasma clearance in the 2 mg/kg group were significantly higher than those in the 1 mg/kg group (P<0.05). However, the elimination half life was shorter in the 2 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Days of apnea attacks within 7 days after birth in the 2 mg/kg group were significantly fewer than in the 1 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Aminophylline plasma clearance was positively correlated with age (in days) after birth and postmenstrual age in both groups.

CONCLUSIONSIn VLBW infants, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are different when different maintenance doses of aminophylline are given. The maintenance dose of 2 mg/kg is associated with a better effect in the treatment of apnea. Postmenstrual age and age (in days) should be considered during the adjustment of dose, and routine blood concentration monitoring should be performed.

Aminophylline ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Apnea ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Male

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and two polymorphisms (C243G and A377T) of the gamma-synuclein gene in a Chinese Han population of Shanghai area.

METHODSPolymorphic genotyping was performed with PCR-RPLP technique. Association analysis was carried out in 145 unrelated idiopathic PD patients and 184 age-matched healthy controls.

RESULTSThe authors failed to detect any distributional difference of the C243G and A377T polymorphisms of the gamma-synuclein gene between PD cases and control subjects, nor did they find any association.

CONCLUSIONThese data do not support that gamma-synuclein gene C243G and A377T polymorphisms are involved in idiopathic PD onset in the Han population of Shanghai area.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alleles ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Synucleins ; gamma-Synuclein

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in preterm infants aged 26-31(+6) weeks with respiratory distress syndrome after ventilator weaning.

METHODSA total of 161 preterm infants were randomly divided into two groups after ventilator weaning: HHHFNC treatment (n=79) and nCPAP treatment (n=82). The two groups were subdivided into 26-28(+6) weeks and 29-31+6 weeks groups according to the gestational age. The treatment failure rate, reintubation rate within 7 days after extubation, incidence of complications, and mortality during hospitalization were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe treatment failure rate and reintubation rate showed no significant differences between the HHHFNC and nCPAP groups. The preterm infants aged 26-28(+6) weeks in the HHHFNC group had a significantly higher treatment failure rate than those in the nCPAP group (P<0.05), while the reintubation rate showed no significant difference. As for the preterm infants aged 29-31(+6) weeks, the treatment failure rate and reintubation rate showed no significant differences between the two groups. The incidence of complications and mortality showed no significant differences between the HHHFNC and nCPAP groups.

CONCLUSIONSIn preterm infants aged 29-31(+6) weeks, HHHFNC has a similar efficacy as nCPAP after ventilator weaning, while in those aged less than 29 weeks, HHHFNC should be used with great caution if selected as the first-line noninvasive respiratory support.

Catheters ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Male ; Noninvasive Ventilation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Ventilator Weaning

OBJECTIVETo investigate the hepatic expression of immunological markers relevant to a cytotoxic response in relation to viral genotype.

METHODSThe frozen liver biopsies were obtained from 28 HF genotyped patients and made the sections stained. The morphometry was used to analyze the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), CD8, beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2) -mG), HFE and CD68 in the stained sections. Biopsy data of response to therapy with interferon were available in 18 cases.

RESULTSCD8+ was usually clustered together and localized in portal tracts and sinusoids, and seen to interact with MHC I positive lining cells. MHC-I and beta(2) -mG were expressed mainly in endothelial and Kupffer cells. HFE was expressed in most round and dendritic CD68+ cells. Patients with virus genotype 3a had higher hepatic MHC-I and HFE expression, and a better sustained response to interferon (IFN) therapy than patients without.

CONCLUSIONThe MHC-I expression in the liver of patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection seems to relate to viral-genotype. The hepatic MHC-I and HFE expression are higher in patients with virus genotype 3a than that in patients with non-3a genotype.

Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Blotting, Western ; CD8 Antigens ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Genotype ; Hemochromatosis Protein ; Hepacivirus ; drug effects ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; genetics ; metabolism ; virology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferons ; therapeutic use ; Liver ; immunology ; metabolism ; virology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease with high incidence in middle-aged and old-aged population. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor which target mainly is NF-kappaB. This observation is to study the clinical treatment effect of bortezomib in one relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) patient and one primary refractory MM patient. The first patient diagnosed as IgA IIIA stage, whose state of disease became worse after 8 months of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. And the disease became further aggressive with 4 courses of chemical therapy regimen including methylprednisolone, Arsenic trioxide, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, VM-26. Myeloma cells in bone marrow and abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulin in blood plasma both increased. Bone destruction became severe, and there was a plasmacytoma about 5 x 6 cm on the patient's right upper chest wall. Therefore, the patient received therapy of bortezomib combined with doxrubicin, dexamethasone and thalidomide (VADT). After one course of therapy with this VADT regimen, IgA in blood plasma decreased from 54 g/L to 6.6 g/L, and abnormal plasma cells in bone marrow decreased from 40% to 0.6%, and plasmacytoma on the patient's right upper chest wall almost absorbed. But there was no obvious clinical effect after the second course of therapy of VADT, and the disease status became progressive again. The second patient was MM patient with a light chain kappa type, III B stage. There was no any effect after two courses of VAD therapy and one course of MOFP therapy. The patient acquired near complete remission after one course of treatment with VADT. Quantity of kappa protein in urine reduced from 24 - 30 g/24 hours to 1.12 g/24 hours. Blood creatinine reduced from 475.3 micromol/L to 124.2 micromol/L. Beta2-MG reduced from 161g/L to 64 g/L. And this patient got complete remission after three consecutive VADT therapy. The mainly side effects of the bortezomib regimen in the first patient include markedly lassitude, diarrhea, numbness of the end of extremities, marked increase of LDH. All the side effects could be tolerated and became disappeared after contraposing treatment and stopping the bortezomib regimen therapy. The second patient complicated with severe subacute left hemiplegia after the bortezomib dose had been increased to 1.45 mg/m2 at the third time of the first VADT course and the complication became worst at the following day. The upper limb muscle strength was only 1 grade and the lower limb muscle strength was 2 grade. Then the condition improved with the support therapy and gradually recovered after two weeks. Therefore, bortezomib is an effective target drug for therapy in refractory multiple myeloma, and more attentions to the side effects should be paid in order to deal with those side effects in time.
Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Boronic Acids ; therapeutic use ; Bortezomib ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; drug therapy ; Protease Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Salvage Therapy

OBJECTIVETo validate the predictive power of the 5th and 6th editions of TNM staging system (TNM-5, TNM-6) in a Chinese patient cohort with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) sized > or = 5 cm after radical hepatectomy.

METHODSConsecutive 121 patients with HCC sized > or = 5 cm undergoing radical hepatectomy between January 1995 and December 2002 were included. The impact of clinicopathological variables on prognosis was determined by univariate and multivariate analyses, after excluding 2 perioperative deaths.

RESULTSIn univariate analysis, TNM-5 stage did not show prognostic significance for overall or disease-free survival, as opposed to TNM-6 stage, Edmondson-Steiner grade, portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), vascular invasion, satellite nodule, Child-Pugh grade, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity. When these significant variables were entered in multivariate analysis, Edmondson-Steiner grade was the sole independent prognosticator for both overall and disease-free survival, whereas Child-Pugh grade independently influenced disease-free survival. However, TNM-6 stage lost its predictive potential in multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONSNeither TNM-5 nor TNM-6 staging system is revealed to be independently prognostic in patients with HCC sized > or = 5 cm after radical hepatectomy. Therefore, TNM-6 calls for more support in many subsets of HCC patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis

This study was purposed to investigate the clinical features and related factors influencing prognosis of patients with severe intestinal graft-versus-host disease (siGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). 710 patients received allo-HSCT in Beijing Dao-Pei hospital from Jan 2007 to Jan 2011 were enrolled in this study. A total of 34 patients with siGVHD out of 710 patients were analyzed retrospectively, and the univariate analysis for related factors influencing prognosis were carried out by using SPSS 19.0 software. The results showed that the incidence of siGVHD was 4.79%, its medium occurrence time was 29 (18 - 210) days after allo-HSCT. 18 out of 34 patients with siGVHD received colonoscopy, among them 6 patients were complicated with viral enteritis. The deep ulcers could be found under colonoscope. Histopathologic examination revealed the viral inclusion bodies or positive viral antigen. Methylprednisolone (MP), cyclosporine A (CsA) or tacrolimus combined CD25 monoclonal antibody and oral budesonide were used for treatment of siGVHD. 29 out of 34 cases achieved complete response (CR) with CR rate of 85.29%, overall survival rate was 58.82% (20/34). 9 out of 29 cases achieving CR died of other complications. The univariate analysis of the related factor indicated the hyperacute GVHD is the adverse factor influencing overall survival of patients with siGVHD. It is concluded that early colonoscopy is an effective way for definitive diagnosis of siGVHD. The combined treatment including MP, CsA or tacrolimus, CD25 monoclonal antibody and oral budesonide shows a significant curative effects. Intensive treatment of complications in late period of GVHD can enhance the overall survival rate.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Graft vs Host Disease ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences about RNA interference (RNAi) technique which focuses on single or multiple sites to suppress colon cancer LoVo cell line's epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA and protein expression, induce cell apoptosis and enhance 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) sensitivity.

METHODSThe human colon cancer LoVo cells were transfected by liposome with pU6-EGFR-shRNA-1 and pU6-EGFR-shRNA-2 expressive vectors which were established by p Genesil-1 plasmid and EGFR short hairpin RNA (shRNA) synthesized in vitro, then were selected for 4 weeks by using G418. Five groups were selected for the study: Group 1: the normal cultured LoVo cells; Group 2: the negative control plasmid HK; Group 3: pU6-EGFR-shRNA-1 plasmid vector; Group 4: pU6-EGFR-shRNA-2 plasmid vector; Group 5: pU6-EGFR-shRNA-1 and pU6-EGFR-shRNA-2, half for each. The mRNA and protein expression were assessed using Real Time PCR and Western blot, the cell apoptosis was determined via flow cytometry, and the suppressive rate and IC(50) to LoVo cells by 5-FU of different concentrations and time points were carried out by using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8).

RESULTSExpression plasmids encoding shRNA were successfully established and transfected into the LoVo cells. In group 3, 4 and 5, the mRNA expression was decreased by (80.2 +/- 3.4)%, (81.3 +/- 2.8)% and (90.6 +/- 2.8)%, respectively, and protein expression was decreased by (74.1 +/- 4.0)%, (73.4 +/- 2.3)% and (90.4 +/- 3.3)%, respectively; meanwhile, cell apoptosis increased by (10.4 +/- 0.5)%, (10.1 +/- 0.4)% and (14.2 +/- 0.5)%, respectively. The IC(50) of 5-FU and cell suppressive rate analysis demonstrated that there were significant differences among group 5, groups 3 and 4, and groups 1 and 2, but there were no significant difference between group 1 and group 2, as well as group 3 and group 4.

CONCLUSIONSBoth pU6-EGFR-shRNA-1 and pU6-EGFR-shRNA-2 were capable of suppressing EGFR expression of LoVo cells, and therefore promoting apoptosis and increasing the cell toxicity of 5-FU. The targeting double combined sites RNAi technique was significantly better than single site interference. The new therapeutic modalities in the treatment of human colon cancer are suggested by this study.

Apoptosis ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Colonic Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; RNA ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection