Calcium Compounds ; Foreign Bodies ; complications ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Oxides ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; etiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the overexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for repairing articular cartilage injury in vivo.

METHODSRabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were transduced with lentivirus vector containing Sox9 gene and then cartilage specific molecule was detected by RT-PCR in vitro. Total 48 knee joints of 24 mature New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups according to different defect treatment. After animals anesthesia,a full-thickness cylindrical cartilage defect of 4 mm diameter and 3 mm deep was created in the patellar groove using a stainlesssteel punch. Meanwhile, the transfected cells were implanted to repair the rabbit model with full-thickness cartilage defects. Cartilage defects tissue was observed with light microscope, electron microscope, HE and immunohistochemistry staining to assess the repair of defects by the complex at 6 weeks or 12 weeks after the implantation.

RESULTSAt 3 days after the transfection, Sox9 gene expression was highest and Sox9 gene expression decreased with the increase of time. At 3 days after the transfection, the expression of collagen type II began and reached the peak at 14 days. It showed that the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells went into chondrogenic differentiation after transfected by Sox9 gene. Histological observation showed that at 6 weeks after the operation, the defects in the experimental group was filled with hyaline like cartilage tissue, 12 weeks after operation,the defects of cartilage and subchondral bone had satisfactory healing. Both at 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, the defects were filled with fibrous tissues in control groups. Meanwhile, immunohistochemical staining of sections with type II collagen antibodies showed the proteins in the regenerated tissue stained positive for type II collagen and stronger than the control groups. The histological scoring system indicated that the cartilage repair of experiment groups were better than the two control groups with statistical significances.

CONCLUSIONOverexpression of Sox9 gene on rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) promote the repair of cartilage defect.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cartilage, Articular ; injuries ; metabolism ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; Osteoarthritis ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Rabbits ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Engineering

BACKGROUND:Surgical treatment for pigmented vil onodular synovitis can maximize the excision of synovial lesions and recovery of joint function.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the knee joint function and relapse rate fol owing treatment of pigmented vil onodular synovitis with total knee replacement and arthroscopic synovectomy.
METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 34 cases of knee pigmented vil onodular synovitis admitted for surgical treatment in the Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, China from December 2006 to December 2011. In these cases, 24 patients received arthroscopic synovectomy and 10 patients were subjected to total knee replacement. Adjuvant radiotherapy was conducted according to postoperative patient’s conditions. Lysholm scoring was employed in the arthroscopic synovectomy group, and American Knee Society scoring was used in the total knee replacement group. Knee function in two groups was compared before and after treatment. Fol ow-up observation was performed to compare knee function recovery and relapse rate between two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Thirty-four patients were effectively fol owed up for 12-66 months, mean 41.3 months. Statistical analysis showed that in the arthroscopic synovectomy group, the postoperative Lysholm score was (86.3± 10.3) points, significantly higher than the preoperative score which was (55.5±13.2) points (t=3.81, P=0.016, P<0.05). In the total knee arthroplasty group, the American Knee Society score was increased from (40.7±2.2) points preoperatively to (90.2±1.1) points postoperatively (t=6.27, P<0.01). In the arthroscopic synovectomy group, the American Knee Society score was increased from (34.2±3.9) points preoperatively to (80.8±1.9) points postoperatively (t=16.58, P<0.01). Arthroscopic synovectomy combined with adjuvant radiotherapy can achieve better outcomes in pigmented vil onodular synovitis patients, while the total knee replacement for advanced with advanced knee diffuse pigmented vil onodular synovitis is better to restore knee function and the recurrence rate is low.

Objective To investigate the protein level of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1 B) during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the effects of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and rosiglitazone on the expression of PTP1B during the differentiation,and to explore the relationship between PTP1B and adipecyte differentiation.Methods 3T3-LI preadipecytes were cultured in vitro and differentiated by three groups of inducers: basic inducers only (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine+dexamethasone+insulin,group C),20?g/L TNF-?+basic inducers (group CT) and 10~(-5) mol/L rosiglitazone+basic inducers (group CR).Protein level of PTP-1B in adipocytes during differentiation was detected by Western blot.Results Each group showed the relatively high level of PTP1B in 3T3-L1 preadipecytes,going down with the differentiation of adipecytes,and reaching the lowest level in fully-matured adipecytes.Comparing the late period of differentiation in these three groups,CT group was sluggishly differentiated with more PTP1B protein,and CR group showed active differentiation with the lowest level of PTP1B.Conclusion PTP1B decreases with the differentiation of adipoeytes.The effects of TNF-?and rosiglitazone on insulin sensitivity perhaps partly via their influences on PTP1B level in adipecytes.

Objective To investigate the application value of MRS in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) without hippocampal sclerosis.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 23 unilateral TLE patients (TLE group) with absence of hippocampal sclerosis and 20 age-matched normal control subjects (control group).All of them underwent conventional MRI and MRS.N-acetyl aspartate (NAA)/creatine (Cr),choline (Cho)/Cr ratios of bilateral hippocampus in 2 groups were analyzed.Eleven of 23 patients underwent surgical treatment,pathological findings and surgical outcomes were evaluated.Results The NAA/Cr ratios of ipsilateral hippocampus significantly decreased compared with that in the contralateral hippocampus (t=-7.97,P＜0.001) and the control group (t=-9.96,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference between the contralateral hippocampus in patients and the control group (t=-1.21,P=0.12).The Cho/Cr ratios of ipsilateral hippocampus in TLE had no significant difference compared with contralateral hippocampus (t=0.50,P=0.31) and the control group (t=-0.59,P=0.28).The pathological findings of the 11 patients who underwent temporal lobe resection indicated small amounts of neuronal loss and unobvious gliosis.Conclusion MRS is helpful in clinical practice to lateralize and localize the epileptogenic foci in the absence of hippocampal sclerosis in patients with TLE.

OBJECTIVETo characterize the morphological features of thyroid papillary microcarcinoma (PMC) and assess the significance of expression of CK19, HBME-1, Galectin-3, CD56 and p63 in differential diagnosis of PMC from benign thyroid lesions.

METHODSClinicopathologic features of 78 cases PMC were reviewed. Immunohistochemical analysis of CK19, HBME-1, Galectin-3, CD56, and p63 in 78 cases of PMC and 48 cases of benign thyroid lesions (18 cases of papillary hyperplasia, 17 cases of nodular goiter and 13 cases of lymphocytic thyroiditis) was conducted. The patients were followed up for from 6 to 269 months after surgical operation.

RESULTS69 cases nuclear atypia and overlapping nuclei (88.5%), 67 cases nuclear grooves (85.9%), 50 cases nuclear pseudoinclusions (64.1%) and 60 cases papillary architecture (76.9%) were detected in 78 cases of PMC. Moderate to strong co-expression of CK19, HBME-1 and galectin-3 was observed in 98.0% (50/51) in the PMC group but in none of the benign disease group. The expression of CD56 and p63 was negative in both groups. In the postoperative follow-up period of 6-269 months, 7 cases (9.0%) developed intrathyroid recurrence, 3 cases (3.8%) developed lymph node metastasis, no distant metastasis or death was observed. In 12 cases (15.4%) the PMC lesion smaller than 3 mm in diameter was not found by frozen section diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONSOverlapping nuclei, nuclear atypia, polar disorder, ground glass nuclei, nuclear grooves and nuclear pseudoinclusions are most important for the diagnosis of PMC with or without papillary architecture. The appearance of definite interstitial invasion, interstitial sclerosis and true complex papillary architecture are more helpful to make right diagnosis. Intraoperative frozen section is of limited value for a reliable diagnosis of PMC in diameter < or = 3 mm. Moderate to strong co-expression of CK19, HBME-1 and Galectin-3 is a very useful indicator for differential diagnosis of PMC from benign thyroid lesions.

Adult ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cell Nucleus ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Galectin 3 ; metabolism ; Goiter, Nodular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Keratin-19 ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Thyroid Gland ; metabolism ; pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods ; Thyroiditis, Autoimmune ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism

Objective:To observe the expression changes of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B(PTP1B)mRNA and protein during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes,so as to explore the relationship between PTP1B and adipocytes differentiation.Methods:3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured in vitro and were induced to differentiate into mature adipocytes; the differentiation of adipocytes was assessed through detecting expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma 2(PPAR?2)mRNA by RT-PCR and oil red O staining.Expression of PTP1B in adipocytes was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot during differentiation.Results:With the progression of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation,oil red O staining showed that the lipid droplets increased gradually to 90% of the vision field;meanwhile,the expression of PPAR?2 also increased gradually, suggesting the proliferation and maturation of the preadipocytes.The expression of PTP1B mRNA and protein decreased in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with their differentiation and maturation;the expression reached the lowest level in mature adipocytes. Conclusion:Expression of PTP1B mRNA and protein decreases during the differentiation of preadipocytes,indicating a role for PTP1B in the maturation of adipocytes.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is characterized by decreased flow of urine down the ureter and increased fluid pressure inside the kidney. Open pyeloplasty had been regarded as the standard management of UPJO for a long time. Laparoscopic pyeloplasty reports high success rates, for both retroperitoneal and transperitoneal approaches, which are comparable to those of open pyeloplasty. However, open and laparoscopic pyeloplasty have yielded disappointing failure rates of 2.5%-10%. The main causes for recurrent UPJO are severe peripelvic and periureteric fibrosis due to urinary extravasation, ureteral ischemia, and inadequate hemostasis. In addition, failing to diagnose lower pole crossing vessels before or during the primary procedure is also responsible for recurrent UPJO. In addition, poor preoperative split renal function, hydronephrosis, presence of renal stones, patient age, diabetes, prior endopyelotomy history, and retrograde pyelography history were considered as predictors of pyeloplasty failure. The failure is usually defined by persistent pain, persistent radiographic obstruction (infection or stones), continued decline in split renal function, or a combination of the above. And the failure of pye-loplasty often occurs in the first 2 years after the surgery. The available options for managing recurrent UPJO with a salvageable renal unit include endopyelotomy, re-do pyeloplasty, stent implantation, percutaneous nephrostomy, ureterocalicostomy, and nephrectomy. Re-do pyeloplasty has such merits as high successful rates and rare complications, compared with endopyelotomy or ureterocalicostomy. And some investigators think that re-do pyeloplasty should be regarded as the gold standard for secondary therapy if feasible. Open pyeloplasty can enlarge the operating field, facilitate the exposure of the ureteropelvic junction, reduce the difficulty of operation, and thus reduce the occurrence of complications. There are no significant differences among the success rates of re-do pyeloplasty under open approach, traditional laparoscopy and robot-assisted laparoscopy, according to previous reports. However, traditional laparoscopic and robot-assisted pyeloplasty give advantages of cosmetology, small trauma, less postoperative pain, speedy recovery and shorter hospitalization, fewer complications and lower recurrent rates. If the primary pyeloplasty is an open operation in retroperitoneal approach, the traditional laparoscopic and robotic operation with retroperitoneal approach should be considered for secondary repair. The cause of recurrent UPJO should be evaluated before surgery and identified intraoperatively to minimize the possibility of recurrence.
Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney Pelvis ; Laparoscopy ; Ureter ; Ureteral Obstruction/surgery* ; Urologic Surgical Procedures

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of full-length spleen tyrosine kinase [SYK (L)] mRNA and protein in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as well as its possible effects on the invasion and metastasis of OSCC.

METHODSThe expression of SYK (L) was detected in 27 cases of OSCC tissues and its matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Fourteen cases of normal oral gingival tissues were also analyzed as a normal control.

RESULTSReduced mRNA and protein expression of SYK (L) in OSCC tissues was observed compared with that in normal oral gingival tissues (P<0.01) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P<0.05). SYK(L) expression was significantly associated with lymph-node metastasis (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSYK(L) is a candidate tumor suppressor for OSCC tissues, and has an inhibitive effect on the initiation, proliferation, and lymph-node metastasis of human OSCC.

Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mouth Neoplasms ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Syk Kinase ; metabolism