Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Stenosis ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of microwave powers on temperature changes of dental pulpal chamber in vitro.

METHODS96 isolated teeth were prepared in three degrees of dental occlusal wear according to Smith BG's report. Temperature change values in dental pulpal chamber were recorded by thermometer (DM 6801A) while the different affect time and microwave powers acted directly and with 75% sodium fluoride glycerine paste on face of isolated teeth separately in room temperature.

RESULTSThe degree of temperature in dental pulpal chamber was going up follow the raising microwave power and prolonging time. The temperature in dental pulpal chamber with microwave acting sodium fluoride on dental occlusal was higher than acting directly dental occlusal.

CONCLUSIONThe microwave power, time and degree of dental occlusal wear are very important factors on temperature change in dental pulpal chamber in our study.

Dental Pulp ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; In Vitro Techniques ; Microwaves ; Temperature

Arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction, and cholestasis (ARC) syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the VPS33B or VIPAS39 gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and VPS33B gene mutations of an infant with ARC syndrome. A 47-day-old female infant was referred to the hospital with the complaint of jaundiced skin and sclera for 45 days and abnormal liver function for 39 days. The patient had been managed in different hospitals, but the therapeutic effects were unsatisfactory due to undetermined diagnosis. Physical examination showed jaundice of the skin and sclera. Systemic skin was dry with desquamation in the limbs and trunk. There were no positive signs on cardiopulmonary examination. The liver was palpable 2.0 cm under the right subcostal margin. The hips and knees were flexed, and the extension was limited, with low muscular tone in the four limbs. Biochemical analysis demonstrated raised serum total bile acids, bilirubin (predominantly conjugated bilirubin) and transaminases, but the γ-glutamyl transpeptidase level was normal. Routine urine test revealed increased glucose as well as red and white blood cells. On genetic analysis, the infant was proved to be homologous for a VPS33B mutation c.1594C>T(p.R532X). She was definitely diagnosed to have ARC syndrome. Symptomatic and supportive therapy was given, but no improvement was observed, and the infant finally died at 3 months and 29 days of life.
Arthrogryposis ; blood ; genetics ; Bile Acids and Salts ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Cholestasis ; blood ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation ; Renal Insufficiency ; blood ; genetics ; Vesicular Transport Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo summarize the experience in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of carcinoma arising from congenital biliary duct cyst.

METHODSThe clinical and pathological data of 185 patients with congenital biliary duct cyst admitted to Chinese PLA General Hospital were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSAmong 185 patients, twenty-seven cases had carcinomas arising from congenital biliary duct cyst, and the frequency of malignant transformation was 14.6%, which closely related to the age (P < 0.001). The incidences of malignancy for different age groups were: 0 for 0-9 age group, 5.1% for 0-19, 9.1% for 20-29, 16.2% for 30-39, 26.7% for 40-49, 33.3% for 50-59, and 50% for over 60, respectively. Six patients had the history of cyst-enterostomy. Abdominal pain, fever, jaundice and weight loss were the main clinical manifestations. Abdominal ultrasonography, CT, MRI or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, MRCP and endoscopic retrograde choledochopancreatography (ERCP) were the main diagnostic methods. For twenty patients (74.1%), a definite diagnosis was made preoperatively, but it's hard to make an early diagnosis. Nine patients (33.3%) underwent curative resection.

CONCLUSIONSCongenital biliary duct cyst is a premalignant lesion, and the incidence of carcinogenesis increases remarkably with age. The most effective method for prevention of carcinogenesis in choledochal cyst is complete excision of choledochal cyst during childhood, and the prognosis is poor for patients with biliary malignancy.

Adolescent ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance ; Choledochal Cyst ; complications ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Common Bile Duct Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

G46B is a promising holding line used for three-lines breeding strategy in hybrid rice, but it is susceptible to blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea. To improve its blast resistance, three rice varieties, Digu, BL-1, and Pi-4, with blast resistance genes, Pi-d(t), Pi-b, and Pi-ta2, respectively, were used to be crossed with G46B, and 15 plants with these three blast resistance genes, Pi-d(t)1, Pi-b, and Pi-ta2, were selected from their F2 and B1C1 populations via a marker-aided crossing procedure. Among them, four plants were heterozygotes in the three resistance genes, with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 pi-d(t)/Pi-b pi-b/ Pi-ta2 pi-ta2; ten plants were heterozygotes in two of the three resistance genes, of which six with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 Pi-d(t)1/Pi-b pi-b/Pi-ta2 pi-ta2, three with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 pi-d(t)1/Pi-b pi-b/Pi-ta2 Pi-ta2, and one with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1pi-d(t)1/Pi-b Pi-b/Pi-ta2 pi-ta2; and only one plant was homozygote in two of the three resistance genes with the genotype of Pi-d(t)1 Pi-d(t)/Pi-b pi-b/Pi-ta2 Pi-ta2. These results demonstrate the capacity of maker-assisted selection (MAS) in gene pyramiding for rice blast resistance and its enhancement for the efficiency in rice resistance breeding.
Crosses, Genetic ; Genes, Plant ; Genetic Markers ; Genotype ; Oryza ; genetics ; Plant Diseases ; genetics ; Selection, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo preliminarily investigate the long-term structural and functional injuries of mitochondria in rat brain caused by sepsis.

METHODSWistar rats were randomly assigned into sepsis and control groups. A rat model of sepsis was prepared by an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of gram-negative bacteria, and the survival assay was performed. Eight rats in the sepsis group were sacrificed at 12, 24, 48, or 72 hours after LPS injection, while rats in the control group were sacrificed after an intraperitoneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline. Mitochondria were extracted from rat brain tissue. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial swelling level were determined by flow cytometry, and the activities of electron transport chain complexes (I-V) were measured using enzyme assay kits. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and electron microscopy were used to observe morphological changes in brain tissue and mitochondria.

RESULTSThe sepsis group had a significantly lower survival rate than the control group (P<0.01). The MMP and activities of electron transport chain complexes (I-V) in the sepsis group, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), were reduced to the lowest levels at 48 hours and partially recovered at 72 hours. The mitochondrial swelling level in the sepsis group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), increased to the peak level at 48 hours and partially recovered at 72 hours. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining revealed substantial damages in the structure of brain tissue, and electron microscopy showed mitochondrial swelling, and vacuolization in a few mitochondria.

CONCLUSIONSIn the rat model of LPS-induced sepsis, both structural and functional injuries are found in cerebral mitochondria, and achieve the peak levels probably at around 48 hours.

Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; physiopathology ; ultrastructure ; Lipopolysaccharides ; toxicity ; Male ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; physiology ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sepsis ; chemically induced ; mortality ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical experiences in treating primary tracheal tumors by surgery.

METHODSThe clinical data concerning 70 surgically treated patients between 1968 and 2001 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThere were 39 sleeve tracheal resections, 13 carinal resections, 10 lateral tracheal wall resections, 5 local enucleations, and 1 pneumonectomy. The tumors in 2 patients were unresectable. The morbidity rate was 31% (22/70) and operative 30-day mortality for resection with primary reconstruction was 8% (4/52). The tumors were benign in 14 and malignant in 56 cases. The most common malignant tumors were adenoidcystic carcinoma (45%) and squamous cell carcinoma (23%). The cases of benign tracheal tumors were followed up for an average of 5.7 years. After resection for malignant tumors, the overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 64% (21/33) and 54% (14/26), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSSurgical resection is the most effective treatment of tracheal tumors. Tracheal resection and reconstruction is the treatment of choice for primary tracheal tumors. Benign tumors should be resected conservatively with preservation of tracheal parenchyma. The reduction of operative complications are key points of good surgical results.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Prognosis ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery

Objective To explore the expression of PD-L1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and its significance.Methods Peripheral blood of 23 healthy individuals and 23 patients with PBC diagnosed in Changhai Hospital was collected during February 2013 to December 2015.PBMC was separated by density gradient centrifugation,then cultured.The mRNA expression of PD-L1 in PBMC was examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR),the expression of cytokines such as TNF-α,TGF-β,IL-23,IL-17 in medium was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Two independent samples' t test was used to compare variables in two groups.Pearson correlative coefficient was used to reveal the relationship between two variables.Results mRNA expression of PD-L1 in experiment and control groups was 0.23±0.08 vs 1.27±0.40 (t=12.23,P＜0.000 1) and there was statistical significance.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that PD-L1 was negatively correlated with IL-23(r=-0.531,P =0.009) with difference statistically.Conclusion PD-L1 might involve in the development of PBC,and could be the potential biomarker for predicting and treating this disease.

OBJECTIVEWe observed the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of different antidepressants as well as the correlation between symptomatic improvement of depression and improvement of chest pain in patients with susceptible "angina pectoris" and negative coronary angiogram complicating comorbid depression.

METHODSIn this double-blinded randomized study, a total of 123 eligible patients were allocated into three groups: (1) Group F: fluoxetine 20 mg QN (n = 41); (2) Group P: Placebo 1 tablet QN (n = 40); (3) Group F + O: fluoxetine 20 mg + olanzapine 2.5 mg QN for the former 2 weeks and only fluoxetine 20 mg QN for the latter 2 weeks (n = 42). The total therapy duration was 4 weeks. HAMD, HAMA and self-evaluation table of chest pain were obtained before therapy, at the end of 1 and 2 weeks after therapy.

RESULTSBaseline HAMD and HAMA scores and self-evaluation score of chest pain were similar among 3 groups and all scores were significantly improved post various therapies in the order of group F + O > group F > group P. The rate of score decrease were seen after 1 week treatment in group F + O and after 2 week treatment in group F. There was a significant positive correlation between the rates of self-evaluation chest pain score decrease and HAMD (r = 0.867, P < 0.001) and HAMA (r = 0.854, P < 0.001) score decreases after 4 weeks therapies (P < 0.05). During the whole course of treatment, no serious adverse reaction was found in all patients.

CONCLUSIONIn patients with suspected "angina pectoris" and negative coronary angiogram complicating comorbid depression, the antidepressants were safe and significantly improved the symptoms of depression and anxiety and chest pain. Low dose fluoxetine plus short term olanzapine regimen was superior to fluoxetine alone regimen in terms of stronger and quicker symptom improvement.

Aged ; Angina Pectoris ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation ; therapeutic use ; Benzodiazepines ; therapeutic use ; Coronary Angiography ; Depressive Disorder ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Fluoxetine ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate associations of overall obesity (OO) and abdominal obesity (AO) with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) among type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients. Methods A community-based study for T2DM patients was conducted in rural communities in Beijing．Every patient completed a questionnaire to collect demography, lifestyle and diseases history, and underwent physical examinations, baPWV assessments and blood biochemical tests. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess the relationship between obesity index and baPWV. Abnormal baPWV was defined as patients with baPWV≥1,700 cm/s. Logistic regression model was performed to explore the risk of abnormal baPWV after adjusting for poetential confounders step by step. Results A total of 2 048 T2DM patients were recruited. The average age was (59.2±8.3) years and total prevalence of abnormal baPWV was 49.7%. After multivariable adjustment, linear regression showed that there was a negative correlation between body mass index(BMI) and baPWV and a positive correlation between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and baPWV. Compared to normal weight group, those with BMI≥28 kg/m2 had lower risk of abnormal baPWV (OR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.44-0.78，P<0.001), but there was an increased risk of 46% among patients with obesity in WHR (OR=1.46, 95% CI:1.07-2.00，P=0.018). Compared to those without OO and AO, patients without OO but with AO had a 1.67-fold increasesd risk of abnormal baPWV (OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.19-2.35，P=0.003). Conclusions Abdominal obesity is related with arterial stiffnening among T2DM patients, and it is critical to evaluate arterial stiffness of T2DM patients with abdmonal obesity and normal BMI in order to reduce future risk of cardiovascular diseases.