Acute Disease ; Adult ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; chemistry ; Phosphines ; analysis ; blood ; poisoning

AIMTo isolate and identify a glucuronide metabolite of SFZ-47 [3H-1,2-dihydro-2-(4-methyl-phenylamino)methyl-1-pyrrolizinone], which is difficult to synthesize because it undergoes hydrolysis and intramolecular acyl migration at physiological pH, in rabbit urine.

METHODSTwo rabbits were ig 200 mg doses of SFZ-47. Urine was collected for 24 h, adjusted to pH 4.0 with acetic acid and lyophilized. The residues were reconstituted in 25 mL methanol and centrifuged at 5,000 r.min-1 for 10 min. The supernatant was filtered (0.45 micron) and then isolated with semi-preparative reversed phase HPLC. The eluent collected from individual peaks was evaporated by rotary evaporation and freeze-drying. Compounds were then identified with electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry and 1HNMR spectroscopy.

RESULTSThe 1HNMR and ESI-MSn results indicate that the metabolite is the 1-O-acyl beta-D-glucuronide conjugate of 4-(3H-1,2-dihydro-1-pyrrolizinone-2-methylamino) benzoic acid.

CONCLUSIONThis method was shown to be rapid and simple and gave excellent resolution from endogenous constituents in urine, and it is suitable for preparation of the glucuronide metabolites of SFZ-47 and its analogues.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; metabolism ; urine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Male ; Molecular Structure ; Pyrroles ; chemistry ; metabolism ; urine ; Rabbits ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVETo document the vascular anatomy of the distally based superficial sural artery flap and to study the vascular anastomoses between the superficial sural artery and the septocutaneous perforators of the peroneal artery.

METHODSTen fresh human cadavers were injected with lead oxide, gelatin and water. Twenty lags were then dissected and an overall map of the cutaneous vasculature was constructed. Vascular communications between the superficial sural artery and the lowest septocutaneous perforator of the peroneal artery was evaluated to determine the cutaneous vascular territory of the superficial sural flap. The distally based superficial sural artery island flap was used in 26 cases.

RESULTSThere is constant vascular anastomosis between the superficial sural artery and the lowest septocutaneous perforator of the peroneal artery. The 26 flaps survived uneventfully except for two of partial fat necrosis.

CONCLUSIONThe anatomic information enhances our understanding of flap design.

Blood Vessels ; anatomy & histology ; Cadaver ; Humans ; Leg ; anatomy & histology ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Sural Nerve ; anatomy & histology ; Surgery, Plastic ; Surgical Flaps

Objective To construct a new conditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAds) targeting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) positive colorectal cancer cells. Methods The DNA fragment of the CEA gene promoter was amplified through PCR and cloned into the vector carrying fusion reporter gene EGFP-Luc to construct expression plasmid pCEA-EGFPLuc. The constructed plasmid pCEA-EGFPLuc was transfected into CEA positive and negative cells by liposome. The activity of CEA gene promoter was evaluated by detecting the expression of EGFP and luciferase activity. The conditionally replicative adenovirus Ad.CEA-E1A/CMV-TK carrying suicide gene HSVtk was constructed, in which the E1A gene was controlled under CEA promoter. CEA positive(Lovo and SW620)and negative tumor cells(HeLa) were infected with Ad.CEA-E1A/ CMV-TK. The selective cytotoxicity of Ad.CEA-E1A/CMV-TK and the synergistic effect of the virus with GCV in CEA positive tumor cells were evaluated by the expression of E1A, cytopathic effect and cell survival rate. Results CEA promoter possesses a good specificity as well as high activity. The expression of E1A only presented in CEA positive tumor cells. After infection with Ad. CEA-E1A/CMV-TK, the cell survival rates of Lovo and SW620 were (36.72±2.49)% and (39.82±4.76)%, respectively, significantly lower than that of Hela[(87.44±2.76)%1 (P<0.01). When combined with GCV, Ad.CEA-E1A/CMV-TK had better oncolytic effect on Lovo and SW620 cells, with cell survival rates of (17.26±3.65) % and (23.93±5.40) %, respectively, significantly lower than those without GCV[(36.72±2.49) % and (39.82±4.76) %, respectively] (P<0.01). Conclusion Ad. CEA-E1A/CMV-TK under the control of CEA promoter has selective cytotoxic effect on CEA positive colorectal cancer cells, and the effect can be enhanced when combined with GCV.

Background Adeno-associated virus-based vector is one of most efficient vehicles.It presents with a long-term and efficient transfer and expression of therapeutic genes with minimal toxicity.But its delayed-and low-efficient transgene expression limits the application of AAV vector.To explore an improving method of AAV infecting RPE cells is the hot spot. Objeetive Present study was to investigate whether adeno-associated virus (AAV)combined with low dose non-replieable adenovirus(Ad-null)can enhance its infection efficieney on RPE ceils in vitro. Methods Human RPE cells were isolated from the donate eyeballs under the approval of the Ethic Committee of this hospital.The cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10%fetal bovine serum.AAV particles with enhanced green fluorescence protein(EGFP)were added into the medium alone or in combination with different amount of adenovirus for 30 days.The cells were detected under the fluorescence microscope,and the protein expression levels of report gene EGFP in RPE cells were analyzed with Western blotting assay. Results Melanin granules could be found in cultured RPE cells.EGFP was expressed in RPE cells at 2 days after AAV-EGFP infection and peaked at 12 days and remained for about 3-week duration,showing the green influorescence under the influorescence mwroscope.After the cells were infected by AAV2-EGFP with 0.01 to 1000 MOI Ad-null respectively,the number of cells with green influorescence was obviously increased with the enhanced infiuorescence intensity.The enhance of the infection efficiency began in the 0.1 MOI Ad-null group and peaked in 10 MOI Ad-null group.Dead cells were exhibited in the 100 or more MOI Ad-nulor group.Western blotting assay demonstrated that the protein expression level of EGFP in RPE cells enhanced significantly in 1 and 10 MOI Ad-null groups compared with only AAV infection group. Conclusion These finding suggested that the infection efficiency of AAV can be improved significantly when it is used with low dose Ad-null in vitro.This offers a basis for further study of gene therapy.

Objective: To observe the effect of coxsackie virus B3 on airway tract and lung morphology, and to study the relation between CVB infection and asthma. Methods: We established CVB3 infective model: 5 d neonatal rats inhaled CVB3 by ultrasonic brume. CVB3-IgM was examined 10 d after inoculating of CVB3, and LW/BW, airway tract and lung pathological change 10 d and 30 d after inoculation of CVB3 were observed. Results: Rats from the virus group had higher D of CVB3-IgM than control's (+2s ) and had higher LW/BW 10 d after inoculation of CVB3 than control (P<0.01). Neonatal rats had acute inflammatory changes 10 d after inoculation of CVB3 and persistent changes in morphology and cytology. Conclusion: Neonatal rats virus model is established. Respiratory infection by CVB3 in neonatal rats has persistent changes in airway tract inflammatory and morphology.

OBJECTIVETo observe the mechanical properties of the prefabricated connective tissue tube as blood vessel substitute and its changes after implantation at the femoral artery.

METHODSThe acellular matrix tube of 8-12 cm in length with a silicone rod inside it was implanted into dog peritoneal cavity. 3 weeks later, a new formed tube around the silicone rod was transferred to the femoral artery as blood vessel substitute. The mechanical properties and histological examination of the blood vessel substitute were assessed and compared to those of the carotid artery and vein. 6 months after transfer, the patency of the blood vessels substitute was observed. The histological change was studied by light microscopy, scanning and transmitting electron microscopy.

RESULTS(1) The mechanical properties of blood vessel substitute was not as strong as artery, but better than the vein. (2) There were elastic and collagen fibers with many fibroblasts around the tube wall, but few mesothelial cells around the inner wall. All of the blood vessel substitutes (n = 6) were found to keep patency and the structure of the blood vessels substitutes became similar to femoral artery 6 months after they had been grafted to the femoral artery.

CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that tissue engineering in vivo is a good approach to construct vessels substitute. The tissue tubes made in dog's peritoneal cavity have good condition when it is used as a blood vessel substitutes.

Animals ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Blood Vessels ; transplantation ; Carotid Arteries ; surgery ; Dogs ; Extracellular Matrix ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

UNLABELLEDOBJECTIVE Crosslink decellularized canine carotid artery allograft by EDC [1-3-(dimethylamino)propyl-3-ethylcarbodiimide methiodide] and evaluate the biocompatibility of it.

METHODSUse the multi-step detergent-enzyme method to construct decellularized canine carotid artery allograft and cross-link it by EDC with the weight ratio of decellularized artery to EDC 1:1 and 1:2. Evaluate the biocompatibility of it by the cytotoxical MTT test and the rat subdermal bury test.

RESULTSDecellularized canine carotid artery cross-linked by EDC has a lower degradation rate treated by collagenase type II, the result of MTT test show that the EDC cross-linked decellularized artery has no cytotoxity and the rat subdermal bury test show that crosslinking greatly enhance the ability of decellularize artery to resist the enzyme degradation and lower the immune reaction. The more the artery was cross-linked , the more effects it has.

CONCLUSIONSDecellularized canine carotid artery cross-linked by EDC has fairly good biocompatibility and ability to resist the collagenase degradation.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Carbodiimides ; Carotid Artery, Common ; transplantation ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Dogs ; Female ; Male ; Materials Testing ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tissue Engineering

AIMTo investigate the metabolic profile of roxithromycin in dogs and the effects of oral and intravenous administrations on the metabolism of roxithromycin.

METHODSLiquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSn) was used for separation and analysis of roxithromycin and its metabolites in dog bile after an oral dose or intravenous dose of roxithromycin. The metabolites were identified by comparisons of their mass spectra and LC behaviors with the references.

RESULTSTotally 13 metabolites were detected in dog bile, including N-demethylated derivatives, N, N-didemethylated derivatives, O-dealkylether derivatives, decladinose derivatives, and the geometric isomers of parent drug and its metabolites.

CONCLUSIONRoxithromycin underwent 4 metabolic pathways in which geometric isomerization and decladinose metabolism were found to be markedly different between the two administration routes.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Bile ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dogs ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Roxithromycin ; administration & dosage ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate a new technique for functional treatment of chronic facial paralysis.

METHODSBased on anatomy of intramuscular neurovascular structure in the rectus femoris muscle, 7 consecutive patients with facial paralysis were treated by using a technique of microsurgically free-transferring neurovascular rectus femoris muscle segment to the face in one-stage. Follow-ups were 10 to 24 months.

RESULTSAll of the 7 patients showed significantly improvement in the appearance of the oral commissure and oral competence. No complications occurred in the donor site.

CONCLUSIONSThe above mentioned technique may have the advantages of preventing the intramuscular nerve and vessel from the surgical injury during splitting the muscle. It could also maintain the transferred muscular segment in a proper tension in the recipient site.

Facial Paralysis ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Quadriceps Muscle ; blood supply ; innervation ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Transplant Donor Site ; Treatment Outcome