Objective To analyze the differential expression of proteome between metastatic lymph nodes and normal lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2-DE)technique and computer-assisted image analysis were used to separate the protein spots and analyze the differential expression of proteome in the metastatic lymph nodes and normal lymph nodes.Results There were 23 protein spots significantly differentially expressed,of which 4 protein spots were newly found,1 protein spot disappeared,14 protein spots increased markedly,and 4 protein spots decreased significantly.Conclusion The proteomic expression in metastatic lymph nodes of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is significantly different from that of the normal lymph nodes,which may be associated with the mechanism of metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the applicability and effectiveness of reconstruction of mandibular condyle by transport distraction osteogenesis in an animal model of rhesus monkeys.

METHODSSix adult rhesus monkeys were used in this study. Bilateral condyles and articular discs were extirpated, and the technique of transport distraction osteogenesis was performed to reconstruct the condyle. X-ray and CT scanning films were taken at various intervals. Two monkeys selected at random were sacrificed respectively at 4, 12 and 24 weeks after completion of distraction, and the newly formed condyles resulted from bony transport disc were harvested and processed for histologic examination. The removed condyles at surgery were used as normal control and prepared in the same manner.

RESULTSOpen bite was seen in all animals postoperatively, and disappeared at the end of distraction. The shape and appearance of the bony transport disc was similar to original condyles at sacrifice. The articular cavity was filled with fibrous connective tissue and considerable cartilage cells were observed in the surface of the condyle stump. Bone regeneration was perfect in the distraction gap.

CONCLUSIONA neocondyle with functional shape can be created by transport distraction osteogenesis, which suggested that this technique might be an alternative method in reconstruction of the condyle.

Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Haplorhini ; Mandible ; Mandibular Condyle ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures

Adult ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; etiology ; Blood Sedimentation ; Celiac Artery ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Male ; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior ; Mesenteric Artery, Superior ; Renal Artery Obstruction ; etiology ; Takayasu Arteritis ; blood ; complications

OBJECTIVETo prepare a platinum microcoil coated with polymers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and evaluate its surface characteristics and property of sustained VEGF release.

METHODSThe surface of the platinum microcoils (GDC) were modified by coating P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer and immobilizing heparin on the surface of GDC. VEGF was then loaded onto the surface of GDC and the controlled release of VEGF within GDC was achieved. The morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the sustained release of VEGF was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSPlatinum coils were prepared by successive deposition of P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer and anionic heparin, and VEGF was immobilized through affinity interaction with heparin. The accumulative release of VEGF increased obviously during the entire testing period without burst release.

CONCLUSIONThe use of P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer allows immobilization of VEGF on the platinum coils for controlled VEGF release, and improves the biological property of the coils.

Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; pharmacology ; Platinum ; chemistry ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology

BACKGROUNDPolyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids may beneficially influence healing processes and patient outcomes. The aim of this research was to study the clinical efficacy of fish oil enriched total parenteral nutrition in elderly patients after colorectal cancer surgery.

METHODSFifty-seven elderly patients with colorectal cancer were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. All patients received isocaloric and isonitrogenous total parenteral nutrition by continuous infusion (20 - 24 hours per day) for seven days after surgery. The control group (n = 28) received 1.2 g/kg soybean oil per day, whereas the treatment group (n = 29) received 0.2 g/kg fish oil and 1.0 g/kg soybean oil per day. Blood samples were taken pre-operatively, and at days one and eight after the operation. The plasma levels of CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were measured. Clinical outcomes were then analysed.

RESULTSPatient characteristics were comparable between the two groups. At day eight post-surgery, IL-6, TNF-α and CD8 titres were lower in the treatment group when compared to the control group; these results reached statistical significance. In the treatment group, there were fewer infectious complications and incidences of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and shorter lengths of hospital stay were observed. The total cost of medical care was comparable for the two groups. No serious adverse events occurred in either group.

CONCLUSIONSFish oil 0.2 g/kg per day administrated to elderly patients after colorectal surgery was safe and may shorten the length of hospital stay and improve clinical outcomes.

Aged ; CD4 Antigens ; blood ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; CD8 Antigens ; blood ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; Colorectal Surgery ; Female ; Fish Oils ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; methods ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo discuss the changes of lymphocyte subsets in HCV children with different genotypes during treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin.

METHODSThe genotype of 45 HCV infected children were identified by real time PCR. The lymphocyte subsets were dynamically detected by BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer with four color MultiTEST IMK Kit during the treatment.

RESULTSFor the children with 1b genotype, after 24 weeks, the CD4+ T cells were higher than pre-treatment (P < 0.05). For the children with 2a genotype, after 12 weeks and after 24 weeks, the CD3+ T cells and CD4+ T cells significantly increased while the NK cells decreased than pre-treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe lymphocyte subsets of HCV children with 2a genotype were different from 1b genotype during trentment with pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; classification ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; virology ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Male ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Altered mental status (AMS) is a very common emergency case, but the exact etiology of many AMS patients is unknown. Patients often manifest vague symptoms, thus, AMS diagnosis and treatment are highly challenging for emergency physicians. The aim of this study is to provide a framework for the assessment of AMS patients. This assessment should allow providers to better understand the etiology of mental status changes and therefore improve diagnostic skills and management. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort observational study. We recruited all adult patients with undifferentiated AMS at a single center tertiary care academic emergency department over 24 months (June 2009 to June 2011). Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, assessment approaches, causative factors, emergency treatments and outcomes were collected prospectively. RESULTS: In 1934 patients with AMS recruited, accounting for 0.93％ of all emergency department (ED) patients, 1026 (53.1％) were male, and 908 (46.9％) female. Their average age was 51.95±15.71 years. Etiologic factors were neurological (n=641; 35.0％), pharmacological and toxicological (n=421; 23.0％), systemic and organic (n=266; 14.5％), infectious (n=167; 9.1％), endocrine/metabolic (n=145; 7.9％), psychiatric (n=71; 3.9％), traumatic (n=38; 2.1％), and gynecologic and obstetric (n=35; 1.9％). Total mortality rate was 8.1％ (n=156). The death rate was higher in elderly patients (≥60) than in younger patients (10.8％ vs. 6.9％,P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AMS pose a challenge for ED physicians. The most frequently encountered diagnostic categories causing AMS were primary CNS disorders, intoxication, organ system dysfunction, and endocrine/metabolic diseases. AMS has a high fatality rate in the ED. AMS is an important warning signal for ED patients because of its potentially fatal and reversible effects. Prompt evaluation and treatment are essential to decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with AMS.

Objective To investigate the immediate and cumulative effects of early acupuncture therapy on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods Totally 60 patients with acute ischemic stroke were selected and randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 30 patients in each group. The two groups were treated with routine Western treatment. On the basis of above, the treatment group was given acupuncture treatment (acupuncture for the first time before the use of circulating medication), 30 minutes for each needle, 1 needle every 10 minutes, once per day. The treatment for both groups lasted for 14 d. The changes of systolic peak velocity (Vs), diastolic peak velocity (Vd), pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the two groups were observed. Results Compared with before treatment, both Vs and Vd increased and both PI and RI decreased in the treament group (P＜0.05); Compared with the treatment for 1 d, both Vs and Vd increased and both PI and RI decreased in the treament group after treatment (P＜0.05). Compared with before treatment, Vs, Vd, PI, RI in the treatment group and Vs and PI in the control group were significantly improved after treatment (P＜0.05). After treatment, the improvement of Vs, Vd, PI and RI in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Early acupuncture has immediate and cumulative effects on cerebral blood flow in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Many times of acupuncture may strengthen the effects of acupuncture.

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnostic value of MRI in the transient dislocation of the patella.

METHODSThe DR and MRI data of 35 patients with acute patellar transient dislocation from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, including 12 males and 23 females, ranging in age from 10 to 23 years old, with an average of 17 years old. The differences between DR and MRI diagnosis and surgical or discharge diagnosis were compared, and the difference between them in diagnosis of knee anatomical position, bone injury, signs and soft tissue injury were compared. The R statistical software WiLcoxon signed rank test (WiLcoxon signed rank test) was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTSAll 35 MRI findings were completely consistent with postoperative or discharge diagnosis. According to MRI, 7 cases of high patella and 7 cases of patella subluxation were diagnosed. According to DR, 7 cases of high patella and 0 cases of patella subluxation were diagnosed. Fourteen dislocations were diagnosed by MRI and 7 dislocations were diagnosed by DR. There was statistically significant difference between the two methods in the diagnosis of abnormal position of patella(=10, <0.05). Total 112 cases of bone injuries were diagnosed by MRI, and 0 was diagnosed by DR. There was statistically significant difference between the two methods in the diagnosis of bone injuries(=16, <0.05). Total 43 cases of soft tissue injuries were diagnosed by MRI, and 0 was diagnosed by DR. There was statistically significant difference between the two methods in the diagnosis of soft tissue injuries (=21, <0.05). Total 35 cases of hydrops of the knee joint were diagnosed by MRI, and 30 were diagnosed by DR. There was statistically significant difference between the two methods in the diagnosis of hydrops of the knee joint(=32, >0.05).

CONCLUSIONSMRI is superior to DR in the diagnosis of acute temporal bone dislocation. MRI should be used as the first choice for imaging diagnosis of acute temporal bone dislocation. It can avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of different dietary fatty acid on the expression of nuclear receptor genes in the breast cancer of rats.

METHODSFifty-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on eight different diets containing following fatty acids: saturated fatty acid (SFA); monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA); n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA); n-3 PUFA; 1:1 n-6/n-3; 5:1 n-6/n-3; 10:1 n-6/n-3; 1:2:1 S/M/P (n-6/n-3 at 1:1). The rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of methyl-nitrosourea (MNU) at 50 mg/kg body weight to establish the rat model of mammary carcinogenesis, the ultrastructure changes of mammary gland cells in rats were observed by transmission electron microscope, the cell proliferation activity was detected by BrdU-labeled immunocytochemistry, and the expression of PPARbeta and PPARgamma mRNA were assayed by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThere was no breast cancer occurring in control groups and the MNU-treated n-3 PUFA group, and the ultrastructure and proliferation activity of mammary gland cells in these groups were normal. In contrast, there appeared obvious marker of adenocarcinomas in mammary gland cells of MNU-induced breast cancer, and a high cell proliferation activity was found in tumor growth-enhancing groups (SFA, MUFA, n-6 PUFA, 5:1 n-6/n-3, 10:1 n-6/n-3 and S/M/P, 21% - 22% of BrdU-labeled cells), while a low cell proliferation activity was detected in rats fed with 1:1 n-6/n-3 diet (13% of BrdU-labeled cells, P < 0.05). Moreover, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), as important nuclear receptor genes of relating lipid metabolism, the expressions of PPARbeta and PPARgamma mRNA were significantly up-regulated in mammary adipose tissues of MNU-induced breast cancer as compared with the control groups, but the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in rats fed with 1:1 n-6/n-3 group were lowest (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe different dietary fatty acid compositions should diversely adjust the expression of PPARs gene in rats, which maybe have an important role in affecting incidence of breast cancer.

Animals ; Fatty Acids ; pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 ; pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; genetics ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley