BACKGROUND: Microbial screening tests of umbilical cord blood (UCB) are essential for stem cell transplantation. We analyzed the microbial contamination rate and distribution of isolated microorganisms over 10 years of samples from the MEDIPOST Cord Blood Bank. In addition, we studied the influence of inoculum volume microorganism culture and compared the yield and speed of microorganism detection. METHODS: Microbial screening tests were performed using a manual method, which includes using an inoculum of 2 mL of plasma, a byproduct of UCB processing from pediatric culture bottles. When positive blood culture was detected, each set was once again inoculated with 2 mL and 4 mL of plasma. RESULTS: From 2004 to 2013, a total of 133,610 UCB units were screened, of which 1,311 (0.9%) tested positive for contamination. The most frequently identified microorganism was Escherichia coli (34.6%), followed by Bacillus spp. (12.8%), Enterococcus faecalis (5.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.4%). The total yield rate increased by 0.2% over this time period, although the yield rate of Bacillus spp. increased by 8.3%. CONCLUSION: The results of this study could be used in many ways with both domestic and international data regarding cord blood contamination. Also, other microbiology laboratories using culture conditions similar to ours could refer this study when preparing guidelines. Finally, by detecting low levels of bacteria, we have contributed to cord blood safety.
Bacillus ; Bacteria ; Enterococcus faecalis ; Escherichia coli ; Fetal Blood* ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Mass Screening ; Plasma ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Umbilical Cord*

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have revealed an association between health behavior and household type; moreover, there have been debates on the relation between drinking behavior and household type. Therefore, we examined drinking behavior of one-person households and compared the differences with multi-person households.METHODS: This study analyzed 8,966 participants, aged 19 years or older, in the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013, 2015). All participants were categorized into one- and multi-person households. The general characteristics were extracted using a chi-square test, and the risk of drinking behavior of one-person households was analyzed via multiple logistic regression.RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the drinking behavior of men by household type. However, the risks of binge and problem drinking were 3.242 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.624–6.471) and 2.488 times (95% CI, 1.097–5.642) higher, respectively, in one-person household women than in multi-person household members aged between 19 and 39 years. Furthermore, the risk of problem drinking was 2.266 times (95% CI, 1.126–4.561) higher in one-person household women than in multi-person household members aged between 40 and 64 years.CONCLUSION: Considering the increasing trend of one-person households, follow-up studies on drinking behavior of one-person households are needed; the findings of these studies need to be used to prevent alcohol-related diseases and socio-economic problems.
Drinking Behavior ; Drinking ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys

Following the implementation of a long-term care insurance system for the elderly in Korea, many nursing homes have been established and many more patients than ever before have been living at nursing homes. Despite the fact that this is a high-risk group vulnerable to hip fractures, no study has yet been conducted in Korea on hip fracture incidence rates and prognoses among patients residing at nursing homes. We recently studied 46 cases of hip fracture in nursing homes; more specifically, we investigated the most common conditions under which fractures occur, and examined the degree of recovery of ambulatory ability and the mortality within 1 yr. Among those who had survived after 1 yr, the number of non-functional ambulators increased from 8 hips before hip fracture to 19 hips at final post-fracture follow-up. These individuals showed poor recovery of ambulatory ability, and the number who died within one year was 11 (23.9%), a rate not significantly different from that among community-dwelling individuals. It was evident that hip-joint-fracture nursing home residents survived for similar periods of time as did those dwelling in the community, though under much more uncomfortable conditions. The main highlight of this report is that it is the first from Korea on nursing home residents' ambulatory recovery and one-year mortality after hip fracture. The authors believe that, beginning with the present study, the government should collect and evaluate the number of hips fractured at nursing facilities in order to formulate criteria that will help to enable all patients to select safer and better-quality nursing facilities for themselves or their family members.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/etiology ; Dementia/etiology ; Female ; Hip Fractures/complications/*epidemiology/mortality ; Humans ; Insurance, Long-Term Care ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Nursing Homes ; Odds Ratio ; Parkinson Disease/etiology ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Risk Factors

We describe a case of an intrathoracic kidney combined with right congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) that was diagnosed at 32 weeks of gestation. Although it has been well established that a right CDH shows a poorer outcome than a left CDH, our present case showed a good outcome because there was no herniation of other abdominal viscera, except for the right kidney. Our findings in this case indicate that impaction of the intrathoracic kidney may act as a 'shield' against further herniation of other abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity.
Hernia, Diaphragmatic* ; Kidney* ; Pregnancy ; Thoracic Cavity ; Ultrasonography ; Viscera*

There are many methods for achieving one-lung ventilation (OLV) during thoracic surgery in neonates and the accuracy of OLV may affect postoperative outcome. The authors have performed OLV using a 5 Fr Arndt endobronchial blocker (AEB, Cook Inc., Bloomington, IN, USA) on a neonate diagnosed with congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) associated with marked mediastinal shift. In spite of sufficient preoxygenation, sudden and severe fall in oxygen saturation had occurred. Since neonates with RDS may develop sudden and severe desaturation, rapid intubation with anticipation of potential difficulty is necessary as well as sufficient preoxygenation.
Anoxia ; Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intubation ; One-Lung Ventilation ; Oxygen ; Thoracic Surgery

We describe a rare case of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) associated with a six-year history of autoimmune pancreatitis, which was controlled by steroid treatment. The patient presented with multiple, cervical and thoracic lymphadenopathy and abnormal, nodular opacities in the lung. Histologically, Rosai-Dorfman disease with numerous IgG4-positive cells was identified in a subcutaneous lymph node in the patient's left forearm. The patient recovered uneventfully with steroid treatment.
Forearm ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Pancreatitis

A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract and expresses CD117, a c-kit proto-oncogene, which can be detected immunohistochemically. We reported a GIST of the rectum of a 61-year-old-woman who had visited emergency room complaining of constipation over one week. Upon rectal examination, a round hard mass was palpated. Colonoscopy showed a 7x5 cm sized protruded lesion with surface ulceration on a rectum, adjacent the anus. And abdomen computed tomography revealed the soft tissue mass compressing anterolateral wall of the rectum and these findings suggest possibility of rectal submucosal tumor such as GIST. The patient had been treated with a ultra anorectal anastomosis with loop ileostomy. Immunohistochemical studies on the surgically resected specimen showed c-kit (+) and CD34 (+). The final diagnosis was a GIST of the rectum. She was grouped into high risk and she has been given adjuvant chemotherapy with Imatinib.
Abdomen ; Anal Canal ; Benzamides ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colonoscopy ; Constipation ; Emergencies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Ileostomy ; Piperazines ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Pyrimidines ; Rectum ; Ulcer ; Imatinib Mesylate

OBJECTIVES: Insomnia is one of the major concerns in the elderly population. Cognitive behavioral treatment for insomnia is the first line treatment option, but there are some limitations including time and cost burdens and the requirement for sufficient cognitive resources to obtain a proper treatment effect. The Brief intervention for insomnia (BII) is a treatment that focuses on behavioral aspects of insomnia in primary care practices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of BII in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: A total of 47 older adults with insomnia were enrolled from community centers between May 2016 and January 2018. They participated in the BII program for three weeks. We gathered sleep-related participant information with using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the Sleep hygiene index, and a sleep diary. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by comparing total sleep time (TST), sleep latency (SL), waking after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE) before and after the treatment. RESULTS: There was significant improvement in sleep-related features after BII. Global score and sleep quality from the PSQI, freshness, and WASO from the sleep diary showed statistically significant improvement. CONCLUSION: We found BII showed positive clinical efficacy in community dwelling older adults, especially from the perspective of subjective sleep quality and WASO. This finding implies that BII can be effectively applied for the managment of elderly insomnia patients in a community setting.
Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Independent Living ; Primary Health Care ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Treatment Outcome

In this study,we developed a simple screening procedure for the determination of 18 anthelmintics(including benzimidazoles,macrocyclic lactones,salicylanilides,substituted phenols,tetrahydropyr-imidines,and imidazothiazoles)in five animal-derived food matrices(chicken muscle,pork,beef,milk,and egg)using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Analytes were extracted using acetonitrile/1％acetic acid(milk and egg)and acetonitrile/1％acetic acid with 0.5 mL of distilled water(chicken muscle,pork,and beef),and purified using saturated n-hexane/acetonitrile.A reversed-phase analytical column and a mobile phase consisting of(A)10 mM ammonium formate in distilled water and(B)methanol were used to achieve optimal chromatographic separation.Matrix-matched standard calibration curves(R2≥0.9752)were obtained for concentration equivalent to ×1/2,×1,×2,×3,×4,and ×5 fold the maximum residue limit(MRL)stipulated by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety.Recoveries of 61.2-118.4％,with relative standard deviations(RSDs)of ≤19.9％(intraday and interday),were obtained for each sample at three spiking concentrations(×1/2,×1,and ×2 the MRL values).Limits of detection,limits of quantification,and matrix effects were 0.02-5.5 μg/kg,0.06-10 μg/kg,and-98.8 to 13.9％(at 20 μg/kg),respectively.In five samples of each food matrix(chicken muscle,pork,beef,milk,and egg)purchased from large retailers in Seoul that were tested,none of the target analytes were detected.It has therefore been shown that this protocol is adaptable,accurate,and precise for the quantification of anthelmintic residues in foods of animal origin.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics and perinatal outcomes of fetuses with omphalocele. METHODS: The study enrolled all fetuses diagnosed prenatally with omphalocele at a single institution, from August 1996 to April 2008. Data were collected retrospectively by reviewing the maternal and neonatal medical records. RESULTS: The study population consisted of 54 cases with prenatally diagnosed omphalocele. In all, 15 fetuses were live-born, 29 were terminated, four died in utero, and six were lost to follow-up. Associated anomalies were found in 72.9% (35/48). Abnormal karyotype was found in 33.3% (16/48). In the live births, associated major anomalies were present in 46.7% (7/15) and were associated with increased neonatal morbidity. The rate of severe neonatal morbidity was 53.3% (8/15). In one case, death followed prolonged hospitalization with complications related to associated anomalies. The neonatal mortality rate was 6.7% (1/15) with no postoperative deaths. CONCLUSION: In this study, the neonatal mortality rates were low in the absence of associated anomalies or genetic defects. The results emphasize the importance of identifying both those fetuses with a potentially positive prognosis and favorable outcome and those which are likely to have a fatal outcome.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Fatal Outcome ; Fetus ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Live Birth ; Lost to Follow-Up ; Medical Records ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies