ObjectiveTo prepare a novel etimicin-encapsuled chitosan/hydroxyapatite nano-scaffolds and offer assistances for bone defect or osteomylitis.MethodsDrug-carried chitosan nanoparticles which was prepared by ionotropic gelation were combined with nano-hydroxyapatite.The mixture were shaped in molds and then prepared into porous scaffolds by freeze-dry.The surface of one scaffold was scanned.The grinded,particles of the scaffold were detected by field emission scanning electron microscope; X-ray diffraction was used to analyze components of the scaffold and total porosity.Staphylococcus aureus was choosed as the experimental bacteria,we studied lasting antibacterial property of drug-carried bone scaffold by antibacterial experiments,long-term drug releasing experiments and accumulation drug releasing experiments.Bone mesenchymal stem cells were used to detect the histocompatibility and inductivity of etimicin-carried scaffold.ResultsFreeze-dried porous scaffold has a surface with proper pore distribution (total porosity 70.68％) and the grinded scaffold has a globular and coliformed microstructure known after scanned by electron microscope.The drug-carried scaffold has a typical wave of hydroxyapatite under X-ray diffraction.The lasting antibacterial property study indicated that the drug-carried bone scaffold had maintained an inhibition zone for more than 7 days.The long-term drug releasing experiments and accumulation drug releasing experiments show that the fictional drug-carried bone scaffold released above the bacteriostasis concentration after one week and the accumulative amount within the safety scale.The scaffold had not an inhibitory effect on bone mesenchymal stem cells.ConclusionThe etimicin-encapsuled chitosar/ hydroxyapatite nano-scaffolds has similar microstructure and components of bone tissue.It is promising in bone tissue engineering applications because of its slow-release,antibacterial properties and satisfactory histocompatibility.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; chemistry ; Phosphines ; analysis ; blood ; poisoning

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcome of accessory navicular fusion for treatment of the painful accessory navicular bone of type II in adults.

METHODSFrom June 2006 to June 2012, a total of 38 feet (in 35 adult patients) with painful accessory navicular with type I underwent an fusion operation of the primary and accessory navicular bones,including 26 males and 9 females with a mean age of (32.4±7.3) years old ranging from 18 to 44 years old. The course of disease ranged from 3 to 10 months. The perioperative complications and radiological outcomes were observed and recorded. The foot function before and after operation were assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, and the easement of the pain was evaluated by visual analog score (VAS).

RESULTSTwo patients had transient superficial inflammation of the incision, no obvious perioperative complications occurred. All patients were follow-up for (53.5±14.7) months (12 to 84 months). Bone union was confirmed on plain radiography in 32 cases (35 feet). The mean time from the operation to union was (13.7±2.3) weeks (9 to 18 weeks). Postoperative pain VAS score was improved obviosly than preoperative (V=12.14,P< 0.01). The talar-to-first metatarsal angle [(9.4±3.5)° vs (8.3±2.7)°, t=0.736, P>0.05)], calcaneal tilt angle [(17.7±2.2)° vs (18.9±3.4)°, t=0.794, P>0.05],talonavicular uncoverage angle [(14.3±3.4)° vs(12.5?4.6)°,t=0.947, P>0.05) ],and height of the first tarsometatarsal joint [(14.8±3.1) mm vs (15.9±2.8) mm,t=0.814,P>0.05)] before and after operations had no statistic difference. The AOFAS midfoot score was improced from preoperative 45.6±5.3 to postoperative 82.5±7.4 (t=3.214,P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONFor the painful accessory navicular bone of type II in adults, if the patient has a large navicular bone and not complicated with rigid flatfoot, once the conservative treatment fails, fusion of the primary and accessory naviculars may be a successful intervention. Overall, the procedure provides reliable pain relief, definite foot function improvement, and good patient satisfaction.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot Diseases ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Tarsal Bones ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of the exogenous and endogenous reactive nitrogen metabolites (RNM) as NK cell inhibitors on NK cell-mediated killing of K562 cells and the influence of Tiopronin (TIP), glutamylcysteinylglycine (GSH) and histamine dihydrochloride (DHT) as RNM scavengers on reversing the suppressing effect of RNM.

METHODSThe exogenous ONOO(-) was administered in the NK+K562 culture system, then the RNM scavengers were added in the NK+K562+ONOO(-) culture system, respectively. The concentrations of RNM, TNF-beta and IFN-gamma, K562 cell inhibition rate (KIR) and the percentage of living NK cells were examined. IL-2+PHA were used as monocyte (MO) activators in the culture system of MO+NK+K562. Then TIP, GSH and DHT were administered and the parameters of NK cell activity were analyzed.

RESULTSAfter exogenous ONOO(-) was administered in NK+K562 culture system, the percentage of living NK cells was decreased from (93.17 +/- 2.57)% to (71.87 +/- 1.02)% (P < 0.01) and KIR was decreased from (67.47 +/- 2.64)% to (43.44 +/- 2.87)% (P < 0.01). When TIP, GSH and DHT were administered into the systems, the percentage of living NK cells was increased to (91.13 +/- 3.67)% (P < 0.05), (88.03 +/- 1.46)% (P < 0.05), (73.60 +/- 2.76)% (P > 0.05), respectively; KIR was increased to (61.58 +/- 1.89)% (P < 0.05), (60.68 +/- 2.07)% (P < 0.05) and (45.26 +/- 3.31)% (P > 0.05), respectively. When IL-2/PHA were administered in the NK+K562+MO culture system, RNM products was increased from (82.10 +/- 6.60) micromom/L to (193.65 +/- 5.95) micromom/L(P < 0.01);KIR was decreased from (90.64 +/- 3.06)% to (61.29 +/- 2.22)% (P < 0.01). When the TIP, GSH and DHT were administered in the systems, RNM products were decreased to (91.32 +/- 6.81) micromom/L (P < 0.05), (84.66 +/- 5.99) micromom/L (P < 0.05) and (188.92 +/- 5.00) micromom/L (P > 0.05), respectively; KIR was increased to (84.31 +/- 4.56)%(P < 0.05), (81.65 +/- 3.09)% (P < 0.05) and (72.20 +/- 4.10)% (P < 0.05), respectively.

CONCLUSIONNK Cell-mediated killing of K562 cells can be suppressed by exogenous and endogenous RNM administration. Both of TIP and GSH can protect NK cells by scavenging RNM and enhance the antineoplasmic activity of NK cells.

Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Glutathione ; pharmacology ; Histamine ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; metabolism ; Interleukin-2 ; immunology ; pharmacology ; K562 Cells ; Killer Cells, Natural ; cytology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Lymphotoxin-alpha ; metabolism ; Monocytes ; cytology ; Peroxynitrous Acid ; pharmacology ; Reactive Nitrogen Species ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Tiopronin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo prepare a glypican-3 (GPC3)-targeting hepatocellular carcinoma MR molecular probe and to evaluate its targeting specificity using HepG2 cells.

METHODSPoly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles were prepared by a double emulsion solvent evaporation method, and the surfaces were connected with anti-GPC3 mono-antibody and paramagnetic substance Gd3+. The physical properties of the probes were investigated using fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy, Malvern particle size analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and 1.5T MR imaging. The specificity of the probes to target cultured HepG2 cells was determined by laser confocal microscopy. The signal characteristics, including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), after co-incubation with HepG2 cells were analyzed by 1.5T MR imaging. Significance of differences between multiple groups (target group, non-target group, and control group) was assessed by one-way analysis of variance, and between two groups was assessed by the LSD-t test. A difference was considered to be statistically significant at P less than 0.05.

RESULTSThe GPC3-targeting hepatocellular carcinoma MR molecular probes were successfully prepared. The nanoparticles had a spherical shape, size of 495 +/- 17.5 nm, uniform size distribution, good dispersibility, no obvious aggregation, and could significantly increase the T1 signal. Using the ICP-AES measurement, 1 mol PLGA carried about 12 mol Gd3+, and as the Gd3+ concentration increased, the T1 signal increased. The prepared MR molecular probes could specifically target HepG2 cells, and could increase the T1 signal. The SNR value of the target group was 3.45 +/- 0.21, of the non-target group was 1.43 +/- 0.07, and of the control group was 1.12 +/- 0.03. The SNR value of the target group was significantly higher than that of the non-target group and the control group (P less than 0.05); there was no significant difference between the non-target group and the control group (P more than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPLGA nanoparticles, anti-GPC3 mono-antibody and paramagnetic Gd3+ can be used to successfully prepare GPC3-targeting hepatocellular carcinoma MR molecular probes which are capable of specifically targeting HepG2 cells in vitro and being detected by 1.5T MR imaging. These MR molecular probes may represent a useful noninvasive imaging method for detecting early hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevention and treatment for postsurgical gastroparesis syndrome (PGS) after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

METHODSThe data of 18 PGS cases after pancreaticoduodenectomy were analyzed.

RESULTSPGS of these 18 patients occurred within 4-10 days after operation. All of the PGS patients were cured with mean 25.4 days by conservative therapy and no one received re-operation. PGS was closely associated with the operation procedure (chi(2)=3.90, P<0.05)and postoperative complications (chi(2)=3.92, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIncidence of PGS can be decreased by improvement of surgical procedure and prevention of abdominal complications. PGS can be cured by conservative therapy generally. Re-operation should be avoided.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Gastroparesis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; adverse effects ; Postoperative Complications

OBJECTIVETo prepare a platinum microcoil coated with polymers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and evaluate its surface characteristics and property of sustained VEGF release.

METHODSThe surface of the platinum microcoils (GDC) were modified by coating P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer and immobilizing heparin on the surface of GDC. VEGF was then loaded onto the surface of GDC and the controlled release of VEGF within GDC was achieved. The morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the sustained release of VEGF was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSPlatinum coils were prepared by successive deposition of P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer and anionic heparin, and VEGF was immobilized through affinity interaction with heparin. The accumulative release of VEGF increased obviously during the entire testing period without burst release.

CONCLUSIONThe use of P(DLLA-co-TMC) copolymer allows immobilization of VEGF on the platinum coils for controlled VEGF release, and improves the biological property of the coils.

Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; pharmacology ; Platinum ; chemistry ; Polymers ; chemistry ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the proliferation changes of the side population of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 cells (SP), the non-side population (NSP) cells, and unsorted cells (Total) after intervened by Sijunzi Decoction (SD) containing serum.

METHODSSixteen pure bred New Zealand rabbits were equally divided into the normal control group, the low dose SD group (at the daily dose of 7 mL/kg), the middle dose SD group (at the daily dose of 14 mL/kg), and the high dose SD group (at the daily dose of 28 mL/kg) according to the random digit table. Rabbits' serum was extracted after equal volume of corresponding medication was given by gastrogavage twice daily for 2 consecutive weeks. The drug serum was identified using high performance liquid chromatography. SP cells of SGC-7901 were detected using flow cytometry, SP and NSP cells were screened. The proliferation curve of SP, NSP, and Total cells were detected with CCK-8 assay. Changes of their proliferation were also observed.

RESULTSGinsenoside Rg1, an effective ingredient in SD was detected in prepared drug serum. The proliferation of SGC-7901 SP cells was significantly higher than that of NSP cells and Total cells (P < 0.05). Drug serum on gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 SP, NSP, and Total cells could inhibit their proliferation, but its inhibition on SP cells' proliferation was significantly lower than on NSP and Total cells (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSD could significantly inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 SP, NSP, and Total cells. But there exist obvious difference in the inhibition among the three groups.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Side-Population Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects and the underline mechanisms of berberine on the cardiac function and left ventricular remodeling in rats with renovascular hypertension. The renovascular hypertensive model was established by the two-kidney, two-clip (2K2C) method in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Two weeks after surgery, all the operated SD rats were randomly assigned into four groups: (1) renovascular hypertensive model group; (2) berberine 5 mg x kg(-1) group; (3) berberine 10 mg x kg(-1) group; (4) captopril 45 mg x kg(-1) group; and the sham operated rats were used as control. Four weeks after the drugs were administered, the cardiac function was assessed. The ratios of heart weight to body weight (HW/BW), left ventricular weight to body weight (LVW/BW) and right ventricular weight to body weight (RVW/BW) were compared between groups. Coronal sections of the left ventricular tissue (LV) were prepared for paraffin sections, picrosirius red and HE staining was performed. The left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), the parameters of myocardial fibrosis indicated by interstitial collagen volume fraction (ICVF) and perivascular collagen area (PVCA) were assessed. Nitric oxide (NO), adenosine cyclophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine cyclophosphate (cGMP) concentrations of left ventricular tissue were measured. Berberine 5 mg x kg(-1) and 10 mg x kg(-1) increased the left ventricular +/- dp/dt(max) and HR. Berberine 10 mg x kg(-1) decreased HW/BW and LVW/BW. The image analysis showed that both 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1) of berberine decreased LVWT, ICVF and PVCA, while increased the NO and cAMP contents in left ventricular tissue. Berberine could improve cardiac contractility of 2K2C model rats, and inhibit left ventricular remodeling especially myocardial fibrosis in renovascular hypertension rats. And such effects may partially associate with the increased NO and cAMP content in left ventricular tissue.
Animals ; Berberine ; pharmacology ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Hypertension, Renovascular ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Organ Size ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ventricular Function, Left ; drug effects ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo inquire the characteristic proteins in chronic myocardial ischemia by testing twodimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) map to explore the possible inherent pathological mechanism and the therapeutic intervention of qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

METHODSAmeroid constrictor ring was placed on the first interval of left anterior descending coronary artery to prepare chronic myocardial ischemia model on Chinese miniature swine. Animals were randomly divided into sham group and model group with 10 animals in each group, respectively. The dynamic symptoms observation of the four diagnostic information was collected from 0 to 12 weeks. Echocardiography was employed to evaluate cardiac function and the degree of myocardial ischemia, 2-DE and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) were used to carry out proteomics research on animals. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to identify the relevant differential proteins on chronic myocardial ischemia with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

RESULTSThe preliminary study found that at the 12th week, chronic myocardial ischemia with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome model was established stably. Compared with the sham group, there were 8 different proteins down-regulated, 22 proteins up-regulated significantly. After validated by MALDITOF-MS/MS, 11 protein spots were identified. Distinct proteins were mainly associated with energy metabolism and myocardial structural injury, including isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (NAD+) alpha, NADH dehydrogenase (NAD) Fe-S protein 1, chain A (crystal structure of aldose reductase by binding domain reveals a new Nadph), heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), oxidoreductase (NAD-binding protein), antioxidant protein isoform, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), myosin (myosin light polypeptide), cardiac alpha tropomyosin, apolipoprotein A-I and albumin.

CONCLUSIONDown-regulated energy metabolism disorder mediated by NADH respiratory chain and myocardial injury may be the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. These proteins may be the potential diagnostic marker(s) for qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, finally provided new clues for new therapeutic drug target of Chinese medicine.

Animals ; Blood Coagulation Disorders ; complications ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; Energy Metabolism ; physiology ; Metabolic Diseases ; etiology ; metabolism ; Myocardial Ischemia ; complications ; metabolism ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; methods ; Qi ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Syndrome