Objective To investigate the effect of gastrodin on rat vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and its possible mechanisms.Methods Enzyme digestion method wasused to obtain rataorticVSMCs and be purified bypassage.Immunofluorescence staining was used to identify VSMC marker proteins.A PDGF-BB induced cell migration model was established.Transwell chamber assay was used to evaluate the effect of gastrodin on PDGF-BB induced VSMC migration.Western blots were performed to detect the phosphohorylation levels of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK).Results The purity of primary cultured VSMC was more than 99％.The VSMC migrated number in the PDGF-BB group was 85.2 ± 3.486 per field.It was significantly more than 42.5 ± 1.927 per field in the control group (t =9.981,P＜0.001),and gastrodin was enable to make PDGF-BB induced the number of VSMC migration significantly reduce to 71.3 ± 1.783 per filed (t=3.550,P =0.002).Western blots analysis showed that gastrodin inhibited PDGF-BB induced JNK phosphorylation (0.190 ± 0.015 vs.0.190 ± 0.015; t =14.548,P =0.000).Conclusions Gastrodin inhibits PDGF-BB induced VSMC migration,its mechanisms may be associated with the inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway activation.

OBJECTIVETo observe and study the tissue characteristics of T. mongolicum ultramicro-power and dissolving-out characteristics of effective compositions.

METHODBy microscopic observation and thin-layer chromatography.

RESULTNearly all cell walls of T. mongolicum are broken and dissolving-out characteristics of effective compositions are remarkably improved, after it is ultramicro-porphyrized.

Caffeic Acids ; analysis ; Cell Wall ; ultrastructure ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Powders ; Solubility ; Taraxacum ; chemistry ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of free and pedicled thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flaps for repairing skin and soft tissue defects in limbs, neck, axillary and shoulder.

METHODSFrom October 2009 to Auguest 2011, 16 TDAP flaps were used to repair skin and tissue defects. Among them, five ipsilateral pedicled flaps were used to repair wounds in neck, axillary and shoulder. 11 free TDAP flaps were used to repair the wounds with bone or tendon exposure. In 12 cases, the flaps were pedicled with thoracodorsal artery and vein-lateral branches-perforators, in 4 cases, pedicled with thoracodorsal artery and vein-serratus anterior muscular branches-perforators. The deep fascia, the latissimus dorsi and thoracodorsal nerve were not included in all flaps. The flaps size ranged from 10 cm x 5 cm to 26 cm x 10 cm.

RESULTSAll 16 flaps survived completely with primary healing both at donor site and recipent area. After a follow-up of 3 to 24 months, all flaps gained good texture and appearance. Only linear scar was left at donor area. The shoulder could move freely.

CONCLUSIONSTDAP flap has good texture, long vascular pedicle,and reliable blood supply, leaving less morbidity at donor site. The latissimus dorsi and thoracodorsal nerve are also preserved. The pedicled TDAP flap is an ideal flap for repairing the ipsilateral skin and soft tissue defects of the neck, shoulder, axillary. The free TDAP flap is suited for repairing skin and soft tissue defects of the extremities.

Arteries ; Axilla ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Thoracic Wall ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the reliability and clinical value of intraoperative ultrasound combined with neuronavigation for resection of intracranial cavernous malformations.

METHODSFrom January 2007 to December 2009, 40 cases of intracranial cavernous malformations were operated under the application of intraoperative ultrasound combined with neuronavigation. There were 18 male and 22 female, aged 18 to 58 years, with a mean age of 34.5 years. Neuronavigation was used for all patients before operation to display the three-dimensional model of nervous system and lesions, so to design the operative approach and determine the scope of the incision. Lesions were allocated by real-time neuronavigation in order to continuously verify the accuracy of operative approach during the operation, supplemented by real-time monitoring of intraoperative ultrasound to guide the process of surgery and determine the extent of resection of lesions.

RESULTSThe registration error of neuronavigation was 1.3 - 3.2 mm, with an average of 2.0 mm. All the patients' three-dimensional model of nervous system and lesions were satisfactorily displayed, and the area of lesions were all accurately located. Structural brain-shifts occurred in 4 cases in the remove process of the lesion, with shift degree 5.0 - 10.0 mm, and were corrected by intraoperative ultrasound. All lesions were well displayed by intraoperative ultrasound. Gross total resection was achieved in all patients, with no patient infected or dead. Neurological deterioration was seen in 2 patients, the morbidity was 5.0%.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination of neuronavigation and intraoperative ultrasound for resection of intracranial cavernous malformations can provide valuable intraoperative informations of the location and resection level of the lesion, thereby maximize the accuracy of lesion localization and the extent of resection, with less complications and enhanced efficacy of the surgery.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuronavigation ; Neurosurgery ; methods ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the root of Paeonia sinjiangensis.

METHODThe constituents were isolated by silica column chromatography, and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and their physical-chemical constants.

RESULTFive compounds, paeoniflorin( I ), albiflorin (II), lactiflorin(III), daucosterol(IV), sucrose (V), were obtained.

CONCLUSIONAll of the compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Benzoates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glycosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Conformation ; Molecular Structure ; Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDA model of simulated Alzheimer's disease (AD) induced by aggregated amyloid protein (Abeta(1-40)) was built in Wistar rats to observe the behavioral and pathological changes of Abeta(1-40) and the effect of hypodermic insulin injected on the function of study and memory and the expression of Abeta(1-40) from the CA1 area of the hippocampus.

METHODSExperimental groups were as follows: contrast, simulated AD model, contrast of Nacl, and insulin treated. The simulated AD model was built by microinjection of aggregated Abeta(1-40) at the CA1 area of the hippocampus, and was hypodermically injected with 0.9% NaCl (1 ml/kg) and insulin (0.1 U/kg) separately the next day. Two weeks after the modeling, the four groups were tested with water maze about the study and memory function of rats. Three weeks after the injection, the expression of Abeta(1-40) at the CA1 area of the hippocampus was examined by pathological tests (HE, Congo red) and immunohistochemical methods.

RESULTSThe study and memory abilities of rats were ameliorated significantly by the place navigation test and the spatial probe test after the application of insulin. Insulin could decrease the expression of Abeta(1-40) at the CA1 area of the hippocampus to reduce the pathological damage of Abeta(1-40) to the hippocampal area of rats.

CONCLUSIONSThe injection of aggregated Abeta(1-40) to the hippocampal area could simulate the behavioral and pathological features of AD such as the difficulty of study and memory and the damage to neurons. Insulin is effective to improve the function of study and memory and amend the pathological damage of simulated AD model rats. The results give a experimental proof of insulin in the clinical treatment of AD.

Alzheimer Disease ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; psychology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; analysis ; toxicity ; Animals ; Cognition ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus ; chemistry ; pathology ; Insulin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Peptide Fragments ; analysis ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo prepare a sustained-release formulation of traditional Chinese medicine compound recipe by adopting time-controlled release techniques.

METHODShuxiong tablets were chosen as model drug. The prescription and technique of core tablets were formulated with selecting disintegrating time and swelling volume of core tablets in water as index. The time-controlled release tablets were prepared by adopting press-coated techniques, using PEG6000, HCO and EVA as coating materials. The influences of compositions, preparation process and dissolution conditions in vitro on the lag time (T(lag)) of drug release were investigated.

RESULTThe composition of core tablets was as follow: 30% of drug, 50% MCC and 20% CMS-Na. The T(lag) of time-controlled release tablets was altered remarkably by PEG6000 content of the outer layer, the amount of outer layer and hardness of tablet. The viscosity of dissolution media and basket rotation had less influence on the T(lag) but more on rate of drug release.

CONCLUSIONThe core tablets pressed with the optimized composition had preferable swelling and disintegrating properties. The shuxiong sustained-release formulations which contained core tablet and two kinds of time-controlled release tablets with 3 h and 6 h of T(lag) could release drug successively at 0 h, 3 h and 6 h in vitro. The technique made it possible that various components with extremely different physicochemical properties in these preparations could release synchronously.

Carthamus tinctorius ; chemistry ; Castor Oil ; analogs & derivatives ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hardness ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Povidone ; analogs & derivatives ; Tablets

Objective:To observe the effect of acupuncture in regulating ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP),and discuss the action of acupuncture in intervening heroin-induced brain damage.Methods:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into a control group,a model group and an acupuncture group by using the random number table.Rats in the model and acupuncture groups received intramuscular heroin injection for successive 8 d at a progressively increased dose.Afterwards,the injection was suspended for 5 d for withdrawal.The heroin relapse rat model was established by repeating the drug addiction and withdrawal process for 3 times.The control group followed the step of the model establishment,but was given intramuscular injection of normal saline at the stage of addiction and no intervention at the stage of withdrawal;the model group was given intramuscular heroin injection at a progressively increased dose at the addiction stage and no intervention at the withdrawal stage;the acupuncture group was dealt in the same way as the model group at the addiction stage,but received acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20) and Dazhui (GV 14) at the withdrawal stage,with the needles retained for 30 min each time,1 session a day,for successive 5 d.On the 39th day,brain tissues were extracted from the hippocampus and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the three groups of rats.The apoptosis of brain nerve cells was detected by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick and labeling (TUNEL).The mRNA and protein expressions of ubiquitin (Ub),ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) and 26S were examined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results:Compared with the model group,rat's hippocampus and VTA in the acupuncture group showed significantly fewer cells positively stained by TUNEL staining (P＜0.01),and its mRNA and protein expressions of Ub,E3,26S were significantly lower (P＜0.01).Conclusion:Reducing nerve cell apoptosis and regulating the mRNA and protein expressions of Ub,E3 and 26S in rat's hippocampus and VTA are possibly one of the action mechanisms of acupuncture in intervening heroin-induced brain damage.

Objective To explore and analyze the risk factors of axial symptoms after posterior cervical laminoplasty.Methods Retrospectively follow up the patients taking posterior cervical laminoplasty in Jishuitan Hospital during May 2005 to July 2011,due to multi-segmental cervical stenosis or (and) cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament.All patients' gender,diagnosis,age,preoperative neck and shoulder pain,VAS score,course of disease,presence or absence of root symptoms,medical complications,operation time,operation method,blood loss,postoperative neck support time,presence or absence of C5 nerve root paralysis,preoperative JOA and postoperative best JOA,preoperative C2-C7 Cobb angle in neutral position,flexion position,post-extension and calculate the activity were collected.Record the process of axial symptoms in details and statistically analysis by SPSS.Results All of 146 patients were followed up for 58-134 months with an average of 89.5±18.4 months.There were 57 cases of axial symptoms,the overall incidence was 39.0％;except for 7 cases with symptom relief in 6 months,the other 50 cases (34.25％ of the total number of follow-up) of the axial symptoms continued by the time of follow-up.35 patients (23.97％) were characterized by stiffness and 22 patients (18.49％) showed pain,traction and tightness.36 patients (24.66％) showed axial symptoms on the shoulder and back,10 (6.85％) appeared around the wound and 11 (7.53％) appeared on both the shoulder and the wound.Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that intraoperative blood loss (P=0.019,odds ratio(OR) 1.857,95％ CI 1.107-3.116) and postoperative best JOA score (P=0.008,0R=0.780,95％ CI:0.650-0.936) significantly affected the occurrence of postoperative axial symptoms.Multifactor Logistic regression analysis was carried out by stepwise forward method.It was found that besides the intraoperative blood loss and postoperative best JOA score,the following factors also affected the incidence of axial symptoms after operation (P＜0.05):diagnosis,preoperative age,the extension of C2-C7 Cobb angle before operation,and the operation destruction of C7 spinous process muscle stops.The diagnosis of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament,preoperative age,and the extension of C2-C7 Cobb angle before operation were the protective factors for the axial symptoms,and the diagnosis of multiple segments of the cervical spinal stenosis and the operation destruction of C7 spinous process were the risk factors for the axial symptoms after the operation.Conclusion Younger,less preoperative C2-C7 Cobb extension,the operation destroys the C7 spinous process muscle stop point,more intraoperative blood loss,lower postoperative best JOA score and patients with multi-segment cervical stenosis more are more easily to have axial symptoms after posterior cervical double door laminoplasty.

OBJECTIVETo identify the side effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and improve early therapeutic response in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

METHODThe first case of Sweet's syndrome (SS) developed in a APL patient treated with ATRA was reported in mainland of China, and reviewed correlative literature.

RESULTSOnly 14 cases of SS associated with ATRA therapy in APL have been reported in the literature, including the present case. The median age was 49.5 years (9 -84) and 10 were women and 4 men. Of them, SS was restricted to the skin in 10 case, the other 4 muscle, fascia, kidney, and lung were involved. SS appeared after a median of 18 days of ATRA therapy (6 - 34 days). The median WBC count was 7.05 (0.80 - 23.00) x 10(9)/L. Four patients continued with the ATRA therapy without interruption, 13 patients treated with steroids and 12 responded. One patient improved without any treatment. Two cases of SS developed retinoic acid syndromes after ATRA therapy.

CONCLUSIONSweet's syndrome is a rare adverse effect of ATRA, and has similar features with inflammatory or infective dermatosis. The corticosteroids treatment could improve the systemic and cutaneous symptoms. When ATRA therapy was restarted after SS subsided, no recurrence of rashes was observed.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sweet Syndrome ; chemically induced ; Tretinoin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use