Objective Beta-amyloid (AB) plaque is one of the most important hallmarks of Alzhe-imer disease (AD). [N-methyl-11C]-[4'-methylaminophenyl]-6-hydroxybenzothiazole (11C-PIB) can have a strong binding potential (BP) of AB plaques in the brains of patients with dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT). This study was to investigate the value of rostral anterior cingnlate cortex (rACC) in diagnosing human AD with 11C-PIB PET imaging. Methods All the subjects were enrolled through ads by Washington University School of Medicine (WUSM) in USA. Clinical dementia rating (CDR) was the practical grading standard for AD. There were 129 cases of normal control (HC) with CDR =0 and 40 cases of AD patients with CDR >0 (but there were only 120 HC cases and 34 DAT patients with data of rACC PIB BP. All 169 cases had PIB BP data of other studied cerebral subregions). Brain subregions were localized with MRI. PET imaging was performed immediately after intravenous injection of11C-PIB. MRI and PET images were aligned and fused with the help of software. BP was calculated using the Logan graphical analysis and the cerebellar cortex as the reference tissue. The distribution characters of 11C-PIB BP in rACC were analyzed and compared with other brain subregions studied by other scholars with the same research cases. The corre-lation analysis, t-test or variance analysis were calculated with SPSS 11.5. Results rACC PIB BP of 120 HC and 34 AD patients was calculated, rACC PIB BP was statistically linear and positively correlated with CDR significantly (BP=0.2865±0.442,CDR=0.143±0.290,r=0.545,P<0.01). There was no sta-tistical difference among the rACC PIB BP of DAT patients (0.6719±0.1545 vs 0.8933±0.0880,inde-pendent-samples t-test in both groups of CDR =0.5and1, indicated t=-1.245,P>0.05), but signifi-cant difference was found between rACC PIB BPs of HC and DAT patients (0.1589±0.0219 vs 0.7370±0.1125, independent-samples t-test in both group of CDR=0 and>0,indicatedt=-7.998, P<0.01). The threshold of rACC PIB BP for differentiating DAT was 0.4592, greater than what could be thought as suffering from DAT with sensitivity 67.65 % (23/34) and specificity 88.33% (106/120). The BP values of both groups partially overlap each other. In all the studied cerebral subregions, the highest 3 subregions in mean PIB BP of DAT patients or in the difference of mean PIB BP between DAT patients and HC group were precuneus, rACC and prefrontal cortices. Conclusion rACC PIB BP can be used to differentiate DAT patients from normal persons; rACC, precuneus and prefrontal cortices are together the most sensitive brain subregions in the diagnosing DAT.

Adrenal Gland Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Prognosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To present a method to treat soft tissue defects with bone exposure after the distal tihial fracture.Methods Twenty-six patients who had suffered from the distal tibial fracture complications leading to exposure of the bone or fixation material sought medical help in our department.The internal fixation material was removed and radical revision of dead and infected tissue was carried out in all cases.Five of the 26 cases were treated using a free microvascular muscle flap and the mesh skin graft by one stage.Twenty-one of them were re- paired with the same method by two-stage.Results Follow-ups were 10 to 24 months.The microvascular re- construction was successful in 22 patients.Two of the 26 cases had partial necroses of the skin graft,and the other two cases had delayed wound healing.All the fractures united.Conclusion Microvascular free muscle flap re- construction of the leg is regarded as a reliable method to treat legs with massive soft-tissue defects or defects with bone exposure and chronic infection or fistulation at the distal leg.

Objective To evaluate arthroscopic PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) reconstruction with an implant fixaliun of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique.Methods Thirteen cases with PCL injury were treated with arthroscopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique between April,2002 to June,2005.The patients were followed up fur at least seven months to evaluate the clinical effects by means of ROM of the joint,post drawer test,Lachman test,Lysholm and IKDC (International Knee Documents Committee) scores.Results The patients were followed up for an average of 13.4 months.No limitation of knee extension was found six months after operation.Eleven patients had normal knee flexion(＞140?), one had knee flexion of 120?and one 100?.In posterior drawer test,11 patients were gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.In Lachman test,11 patients were rated as within gradeⅠand two gradeⅡ.By Lysholm knee function scale,the average knee scores were 90.47?4.13 and 78.82?2.46 respectively before and after operation,and the dif- ference was of statistical significance (t=2.416,P=0.029).By IKDC scale,six were grade A,five grade B and one grade C.Conclusion Arthroseopic PCL reconstruction with an implant fixation of hamstring tendon knot and bottle-neck technique is a reliable method to restore knee function and will have a prospect of wide application be- cause of its good tissue biocompatibility,less invasion,and less operative expenditure.

Objective To evaluate the value of SPECT/CT in differentiating malignancy from benign spinal disease. Methods Fifty-three patients with foci of abnormally increased uptake in the spine detected by 99Tcm-MDP planar whole body bone scan subsequently underwent bone SPECT/CT. The final diagnosis was determined by pathological examination or clinical follow-up ( ≥6 months), which was applied to calculate the diagnostic efficacy of bone SPECT/CT. Results A total of 25 patients were confirmed to have bone malignancy. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, false positive rate, false negative rate, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for 99Tcm-MDP bone SPECT/CT were 96.00% (24/25), 96.43% (27/28), 96.23% (51/53), 3.57% ( 1/28), 4.00% ( 1/25), 96.00% (24/25) and 96.43% (27/28), respectively. Conclusion 99Tcm-MDP bone SPECT/CT imaging provides good clinical value for the differential diagnosis of spinal diseases.

Objective To study the influence of sivelestat sodium on platelets activity,injury and count during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)in dogs.Methods Twelve adult health dogs were randomly divided into control group (group C,n=6)and sivelestat sodium group (group S,n=6). Sivelestat sodium at 15 mg/kg was administrated intravenously before the establishment of CPB and then was maintained intravenously at 10 mg·kg-1·h-1 to the end of CPB in the group S,and the same volume of saline was used in the group S.The levels of neutrophil elastase (NE),malondialdehyde (MDA),granular membrane protein-140 (GMP-140),thromboxaneB2 (TXB2 ),the count of plate-lets and the hematocrit (Hct)were measured before CPB,15 and 45 min after cross-clamping and 30, and 60 min after aortic unclamping in both groups.Results The levels of NE,GMP-140,TXB2 at T2-T5 and MDA at T3-T5 were significantly higher than those at T1 in both groups;moreover the lev-els were significantly lower in group S than group C (P<0.05).The levels of Plt at T2-T5 were sig-nificantly lower than those at T1 in both groups;moreover the levels were significantly higher in group S than group C (P <0.05).Conclusion Sivelestat sodium reduced the levels of plasma NE, MDA,GMP-140,TXB2 inhibited the activation of Plt,and decreased the injury and consumption of Plt,which presents the protective effects for Plt during CPB.

Objective To study the diagnostic and prognostic values by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and computed tomography(CT) for investigation of infantile spasms(IS).Methods Fourty-two patients with IS were retrospectively reviewed by CT scan and MRI T1W,T2W and inversion recovery (IR) and MRA techniques.Results Fourteen cases were found abnormal in CT,including encephalatrophy,hemorrhage,gross malformation and lesions with underlying calcification;MRI studies of 24/28 cases showed that MRI was the most appropriate imaging technique in diagnosis of the underlying substrate of patients with IS and other epilepsies,particularly in periventricular leuko malacia(PL),delayedmyelination(DM),hypxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),kernicterus,tuberous sclerosis(TS),hippocampal sclerosis(HS),brainstematrophy,heterotopia,corpus callosum and vascular malformation,et al.MRI was also valuable for determining the prognoses of IS,but it should be combined with the clinical symptom and ages. Conclusions MRI and CT are highly important for the investigation and treatment of patients with IS; MRI is much more sensitive to exploration of neuropathology of infatile spasms,such as PL,DM,HIE,kernicteus,HS,heterotopias and focally cortical dysplasia.

Objective To explore the relationships between erythropoietin( EPO), endothelin - 1 (ET - 1) and perinatal anoxia. Method ELISA was used to test cord blood EPO and ET-1 in 54 high risk neonates as subjects and 14 healthy neonates as controls.Results The cord blood EPO levels in amniotic fluids turbid Ⅲ degree group and group eclampsia/pre - eclampsia were higher than those in control group (t= 4.0842,3 680 allP

Objective To study the protection and mechanism of co-administration of vitamin E with coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) to valproate-associated hepatotoxicity in infantal rats.Methods The rat models were established by oral administration of valproic acid(VPA) in ablactation(21 days) Wistar rats,at doses of 500 mg/(kg?d) during 30 days,other groups received the same amount of VPA with phemobarbitone(PB) and co-administration with vitamin E and CoQ10.The changes of liver cell morphology and the blood coagulation test,as well as the contents of succinic dehydrogenase(SDH),cytochrome oxidase(CCO),cytochrome,the levels of glutothione(GSH) and malondial dehyde(MDA) in rat liver mitochondria were detected by chromatometry,HPLC,Oil-Red-O staining and electron microscope,respectively.Results 1.Average content of cytochrome aa3 in liver mitochondria of infantal rats were reduced by 58.80% and(61.80%) because of administration of VPA and VPA added with PB.The protection against the loss of cytochrome aa3 by coadministration of VitE and CoQ10 was obvious.As for activities of SDH and CCO,which affected by VPA and VPA added with PB in rats,were significantly lowered compared with control group(P

Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Humans ; Hypertension ; surgery ; Renal Artery ; Sympathectomy ; methods