1.Research progress on artemisinin antimalarial resistance of Plasmodium falciparum
DUAN Meng-xi ; ZHOU Long-can ; YANG Zhao-qing
China Tropical Medicine 2022;22(11):1086-
Abstract: Malaria, an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium infection, is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are recommended by WHO as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in malaria-endemic areas. The application of artemisinin and its derivatives has played an integral role in reducing the global incidence of malaria. However, in recent years, the emergence and spread of artemisinin resistance has brought great challenges to global malaria control and elimination. At present, the mutation of K13 gene on chromosome 13 of Plasmodium falciparum is most closely related to artemisinin resistance, but in recent years, studies have shown that K13 cannot explain all artemisinin resistance. This article reviews the recent research progress in the field of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum, including definition of artemisinin resistance, detection methods and molecular markers related to resistance. In addition, some of the issues discussed in this review remain controversial and require further study.
2.The effect of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. on intestinal function and gut microbiota homeostasis in aging mice
Jia-ting YIN ; Shu-hui YANG ; Cheng-xi LI ; Yun LIU ; Yu-meng WANG ; Jin-ao DUAN ; Jian-ming GUO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2022;57(12):3535-3545
Aging can cause degenerative changes in the function of multiple tissues and organs in the body. Gastrointestinal diseases and intestinal dysfunction are very common in the elderly people. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of the total extract of
3.Regulatory effect of Flos Abelmoschus manihot in mice with inflammatory bowel disease based on gut microbiota sequencing and untargeted lipidomics
Shu-hui YANG ; Cheng-xi LI ; Jian-ping LI ; Yu-meng WANG ; Yun LIU ; Jin-ao DUAN ; Jian-ming GUO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2022;57(12):3546-3556
In this study, the ameliorative effects of
4.Evaluation of the myocardial systolic function and ventricular remodeling of rats with experimental myocardial infarction by strain/strain rate imaging and MMP-9.
Wen-hui ZHU ; Xing-xing DUAN ; Meng-xi ZHANG ; Shui-juan TANG ; Wen-gang LIU
Chinese Journal of Cardiology 2010;38(7):597-600
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the myocardial systolic function and ventricular remodeling in heart failure rat induced by myocardial infarction (MI) with S/SRI and MMP-9.
METHODSA total of 70 male SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: 4 weeks and 8 weeks MI (anterior descending branch of left coronary artery were ligated), sham operation (thoracotomy without ligation of coronary artery) and non-operated control group. The regional myocardial systolic function of rats was quantified with S/SRI. The myocardial MMP-9 expression was detected by Western blot.
RESULTSIn the 4 weeks MI group, all segment's Ssys, SRsys, the strain of end-systole were reduced while PSI was increased compared to sham and non-operated group with the exception of the inferior wall. These changes were more significant in 8 weeks MI group compared to the 4 weeks MI group. In the 4 weeks MI group, the expression of MMP-9 was significantly upregulated than the sham operation group and this upregulation was more significant at 8 weeks post MI.
CONCLUSIONSS/SRI can quantitative evaluate the regional systolic function of heart failure rat induced by myocardial infarction. Progressive upregulation of myocardial MMP-9 expression paralleled the deterioration of regional systolic function in this heart failure rat model.
Animals ; Heart Failure ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Myocardial Contraction ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Systole ; Ventricular Remodeling
5.Influencing factors on chest CT characteristic changes in children with invasive pulmonary fungal infections
Xiaojun DUAN ; Yanping CHEN ; Jianbao HUANG ; Yanni MENG ; Min YANG ; Xi ZHANG ; Wenya HUANG
Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine 2017;24(10):737-741,745
Objective To analyze the characteristics of chest CT in children with invasive pulmonary fungal infections(IPFIs),and to explore the influencing factors on chest CT manifestations in children with IPFIs.Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted to select 97 children with IPFIs from October 2010 to October 2016 in the department of respiratory medicine,PICU and hematology.The children were divided into CT characteristic change group(39 cases) and CT non-characteristic change group(58 cases) according to the chest CT manifestations. Non-conditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent influencing factors of CT characteristic changes in children with IPFIs. Results The ratios of less than 3-year-old infants, Candida, the proportion of ICU admission in the CT characteristic change group were lower than those in the CT non-characteristic change group(P<0.05). The proportions of more than 3-year-old, neutropenia,Aspergillus,central venous catheter,hematological malig-nancies were higher than those in the CT non-characteristic change group(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the hematological malignancies was an independent influencing factor for the characteristic changes of CT in children with IPFIs.Conclusion When children with blood system malignant tumors manifest as fever,cough and other symptoms of infection,chest CT manifestations show characteristic changes,Aspergillus infection should be considered,and empirical antifungal treatment should be focused.
6.Comparison of the Predictive Values of Eight Staging Systems for Primary Liver Cancer in Prognosis of Combined Hepatocellular-cholangiocellular Carcinoma Patients after Surgery.
Hao LI ; Xi-tao WANG ; Ai-qun ZHANG ; Xiang-fei MENG ; Qiang YU ; Wen-ping LÜ ; Wei-dong DUAN ; Jia-hong DONG
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae 2016;38(2):175-181
OBJECTIVETo compare the predictive values of eight staging systems for primary liver cancer in the prognosis of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocellular carcinoma (cHCC-CC) patients after surgery.
METHODSThe clinical data of 54 cHCC-CC patients who underwent hepatectomy or liver transplantation from May 2005 to Augest 2013 in Chinese PLA General Hospital were collected. We evaluated the prognostic value of the Okuda staging system, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP) score, French staging system, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system, 7th edition of tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), Japan Integrated Staging (JIS) score, and Chinese University Prognostic Index. The distribution, Kaplan-Meier method, Log-rank test, and area under a receiver operating characteristic curve were used to compare the prognosis-predicting ability of these different staging systems in 54 cHCC-CC patients after surgery.
RESULTSThe TNM staging system for ICC and JIS score had a better distribution of cases. The 12-and 24-month survivals of the entire cohort were 65.5% and 56.3%, respectively. A Log-rank test showed that there was a significant difference existing in the cumulative survival rates of different stage patients when using TNM staging system for ICC (stage 1 vs. stage 2, P=0.012; stage 2 vs. stage 3-4, P=0.002), Okuda staging system (stage 1 vs. stage 2, P=0.025), and French staging system (stage A and stage B, P=0.045). The 12-and 24-month area under curve of TNM staging system for ICC, BCLC staging system, JIS score, and CLIP score were 0.836 and 0.847, 0.744 and 0.780, 0.723 and 0.764, and 0.710 and 0.786, respectively.
CONCLUSIONThe 7th edition of TNM staging system for ICC has superior prognostic value to other seven staging systems in cHCC-CC patients undergoing surgical treatment.
Bile Duct Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; ROC Curve ; Survival Rate
7.Piceatannol alleviates host inflammation in chronic kidney disease model mice through regulating gut microbiota
Cheng-xi LI ; Ying-yi WANG ; Yu-meng WANG ; Jia-ting YIN ; Shu-hui YANG ; Yun LIU ; Jin-ao DUAN ; Jian-ming GUO
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2022;57(2):364-374
The purpose of this research is to study the effect of small molecule compound piceatannol (PIC) on host inflammation in adenine induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) mice, and then to explore its mechanism based on the regulation of gut microbiota. All procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. The level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-
8.Detection of SALL4 mRNA expression in leukemia by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.
Meng-Xi DUAN ; Cong-Xi BI ; Hui CHEN ; Nan WANG ; Shi-Jun LI ; Xiao-Guang XIAO ; Xiao-Lu MA ; Hong YUAN
Journal of Experimental Hematology 2013;21(5):1153-1156
This study was purposed to establish a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) for quantifying SALL4 mRNA and to investigate its expression in different types of leukemia patients. SALL4 mRNA expression were measured in 60 leukemia patients of different periods and 10 normal controls sequentially by FQ-PCR. The results showed that the expression of SALL4 mRNA in de novo leukemia patients and relapsed patients was higher than that in controls (P < 0.05), which was significantly decreased at complete remission (CR). In relapsed patients, the expression of SALL4 mRNA increased slightly higher than that in de novo leukemia group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, the expression of SALL4 mRNA was low in CLL, T-ALL and AML-M3. The expression pattern of BMI-1 was same as SALL4, and the expression of BMI-1 positively correlated with that of SALL4 in leukemia (r = 0.825, P < 0.01). It is concluded that the detection of SALL4 gene expression in acute and chronic leukemia by real-time gTR-PCR displays high sensitivity and specificity. SALL4 gene may be one of indicators for monitoring the therapeutic outcome of partial leukemia and minimal residual disease.
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Aged, 80 and over
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Neoplasm, Residual
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diagnosis
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Young Adult
9.Prognostic significance of the NPM-ALK fusion gene in bone marrow and peripheral blood for patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
Jing YANG ; Xiao-xi ZHAO ; Ling JIN ; Yan-long DUAN ; Shuang HUANG ; Meng ZHANG ; Rui ZHANG ; Chun-ju ZHOU ; Yong-hong ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Hematology 2013;34(8):700-703
OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of NPM- ALK fusion gene in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) patients and its prognostic significance.
METHODSNPM- ALK fusion gene of 21 BM and 15 PB samples from patients with NPM-ALK positive ALCL was detected by RT- PCR, and the relationship between NPM- ALK expression and prognosis and clinical characters was evaluated.
RESULTSOf the 21 patients, 12 cases were male and 9 case were female with a median age of 9 (range, 2-14) years old. The median follow- up was 31 months. Patients with a positive NPM-ALK expression in BM had a 3-years EFS of (35.6±18.6)%, compared with (91.7±8.0)% for patients with negative NPM-ALK (P=0.038). The incidence of positive expression in BM was significantly higher in patients who had more than 3 organs involved by tumor (P=0.032). 86.7% patients had a concordant results of NPM-ALK expression in PB and BM.
CONCLUSIONWe could evaluate the minimal disseminated disease of NPM-ALK positive ALCL patients by screening the NPM-ALK fusion gene in BM and PB by RT-PCR. The positive expression is associated with a poor prognosis and could be used for stratification of ALCL.
Adolescent ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Prognosis ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism
10.Correlation of frailty severity with muscle mass and physical function in Chinese older adults:preliminary findings
Li MENG ; Jing SHI ; Chenshuang ZOU ; Xiao TAN ; Baiyu ZHOU ; Chunbo DUAN ; Hong SHI ; Huan XI
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics 2017;36(12):1313-1317
Objective To explore the relationship between the severity of frailty and muscle mass/function in older people,and to determine whether and/or how the results would be influenced by the assessment method for frailty.Methods A total of 106 older adults aged 63-95 years were recruited from individuals undergoing regular health examinations at the Outpatient Department of Beijing Hospital.The characteristics of participants were collected through a questionnaire and subsequently evaluated.Frailty was assessed by both the Fried phenotype and an index of accumulated deficits (FI).Sarcopenia was identified based on the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS).Average skeletal muscle mass,appendicular skeletal muscle mass and the appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).Furthermore,grip strength,the 4 m walking test,the timed up and go test (TUGT),the five times sit to stand test (FTSST),and the balance test were performed to investigate the physical performance.Results There were 15 (14.2%) frail and 65 (61.3%) pre-frail cases in this group.Poor grip strength 59 (55.7%) and slow gait speed 33 (31.1%) were more prevalent in frail older people.Meanwhile,when the phenotypic definition of frailty was used,muscle mass and ASMI decreased as the severity of frailty increased (F=6.579,3.969,4.507,respectively;all P<0.05).Frail older people had significantly slower gait speed and poorer grip strength than those who were not frail (F=23.897,4.583,respectively;both P<0.05).Moreover,frail older people were more likely to be sarcopenia (53.5%) than those who were pre frail (30.8%) or not frail (3.8%).Participants with frailty performed worse on FTSST,TUGT and the balance test (all P<0.05) and had markedly lower levels of FI (0.15±0.04,0.18±0.06,and 0.28±0.09,respectively;F=21.764,P<0.05) than those in the pre-frail and non-frail groups.Appendicular skeletal muscle mass,skeletal muscle mass,grip strength and walking speed were negatively correlated with FI (r =-0.256,-0.321,-0.343,-0.374,respectively;all P<0.05) while ASMI showed no statistical correlation with FI (P>0.05).Conclusions Poor grip strength and slow gait speed are very common in frail older people.There is a close correlation between muscle mass/function and frailty.The degree of association of frailty severity with physical performance remains largely unchanged regardless of what assessment method is used.