Alpha-lipoic acid is a potent antioxidant.Its protective effects on oxidative stress induced by diabetes and othe factors are mainly achieved via its antioxidant property.Such effects have been observed in cardiovascular system,kidney,and liver.This article reviews the recent advances in the anti-oxidation mechanisms and protective effects of alpha-lipoic acid in peripheral organs.

Monascus-fermented rice is a natural food and traditional Chinese medicine. Besides its wellknown effectiveness in lowering blood lipids, Monascus-fermented rice is also beneficial for decreasing blood pressure, preventing osteoporosis, and lowering blood sugar. This article reviews recent advances in its non-anti-hyperlipemic effects and their potential mechanisms.

Cancer stem cells(CSCs) are a group of tumor cells with stem cell-like properties such as infinite self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential. Accumulating evidence strongly indicates the presence of cancer stem cells in a variety of solid tumors. Although rare, CSCs play important roles in tumor initiation, progression, recurrence and metastasis. Research of gastric cancer stem cells is still in its infancy. Specific surface markers of gastric CSC are yet to be identified. Active researches are currently underway to investigate the existence and source of CSC in gastric cancer.

An investigation has been conducted on the pilot projects of community health services in Chang zhou City and an analysis made of several issues hindering the full functioning of the services. The following sugges tions are then put forward. ① Leadership in community health services should be strengthened in real earnest. ② Methods of compensating funds for commmunity health services should be further improved. ③An effective management system and operating mechanism should be established and perfected. ④The building of a contingent of community health services personnel should be enhanced. ⑤Educational campaigns should be conducted at various levels. ⑥A good job should be done of community health services along the lines of reform.

History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Periodontics ; history

Cytoskeletal Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; Signal Transduction

Humans ; Mining ; Noise, Occupational ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Exposure ; statistics & numerical data ; Work Schedule Tolerance

BACKGROUND: With the development of nanotechnology, a new system for the delivery of drugs by magnetic nanovectors has been proposed. Within a magnetic field, the system can implement site-specific drug administration, thereby raising drug concentration at the lesion focus, elevate therapeutic effects, and reduce side effects.OBJECTIVE: To study the preparation of magnetic poly D, L-lactide-co-glycolic acid phenylarsine oxide nanoparticles (M-PLGA-PAO-NPs) and to evaluate characteristics of the prepared nanoparticles.DESIGN: Several factors influencing nanoparticle characteristics were selected for single-factor tests. Then, according to experimental results, and in conjunction with orthogonally designed statistics, the optimized prescription was obtained. SETTING: Department of Special Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The study was performed at the Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2005 to March 2006. The reagents used were as follows: phenylarsine oxide (Sigma, USA), poly D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (Shandong Medical Apparatus Institute, China), ferroso-ferric oxide (nanometer, Sigma, USA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA1788, Beijing Organic Chemical Industry Plant, China). Methylene dichloride and other agents were all analytical grade and purchased from Shanghai Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd, China.METHODS: M-PLGA-PAO-NPs were prepared through an emulsion-evaporation process. Nanoparticle shape was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetism was determined by a vibrating sample magnetometer. The size and diametral distribution of nanoparticles were determined by a laser particle size analyzer. The encapsulation ratio and drug loading of phenylarsine were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The percentage of phenylarsine oxide release in vitro was calculated [the percentage of phenylarsine oxide release in vitro =(total dose of phenylarsine oxide-residual dose of phenylarsine oxide)/ total dose of phenylarsine oxide].MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The shape, size, drug loading, encapsulation ratio and release in vitro of M-PLGA-PAO-NPs.RESULTS: The prepared nanoparticles had an average encapsulation ratio of 34.2%. Drug loading of 5 batches of nanoparticles was 3.06%, 3.15%, 3.18%, 3.21%, and 3.41%, respectively, with an average drug loading of 3.20%. Drug loading difference was small between batches, indicating good stability and reproducibility of the technology. M-PLGA-PAO-NPs were spherical, smooth, evenly distributed and non-adhesive. Ferrosoferric oxide microparticles, which exhibited unevenly dispersed black opacities, were found in the magnetic microparticles. Nanoparticles were in a narrow size range, with an average diameter of 290 nm (range 140-500 nm). When the magnitude and the direction of the outside magnetic field were changed, nanoparticles showed different intensities of magnetization. This indicated that M-PLGA-PAO-NPs had a certain magnetic response. The in vitro nanoparticle-release curve indicated that drug release was initially fast followed by a slow controlled release, and on day 8, it was basically stable.CONCLUSION:The experiment acquires a satisfactory technique for preparation of M-PLGA-PAO-NPs. The prepared M-PLGA-PAO-NPs were well targeted and exhibited slowly controlled drug release effects.

Objective To assess the effect of thoracoscopic surgery under laryngeal mask anesthesia and explore the nursing strategies. Methods Thirty-five patients from April to December in 2014 undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) were given intubation anesthesia and another thirty-five ones undergoing the same surgery in 2015 received laryngeal mask anesthesia. The two groups were compared in terms of surgery conditions, surgery complication and ambulation time. Results No significant differences were found in surgery time or blood loss between two groups (P>0.05). The postoperative waking time in the mask anesthesia group was significantly shorter than that of the intubation anesthesia group (P<0.05), and ambulation time was significantly shortened (P<0.05). The rates of throat discomfort, hoarseness and gastrointestinal reactions were significantly lower. Conclusions Laryngeal mask anesthesia used in small thoracoscopic surgery for airway management is safe and feasible. Combined with training in respiration and limb function, better analgesia and nursing, it can keep away complications related to intubation anesthesia, shorten hospital stay and accelerate postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective To elucidate the clinical characteristics of multiple primary malignant neoplasms(MPMNs) in elderly patients,and the relationship between MPMNs and its prognosis.Methods The data of 155 patients,including 114 males and 5 females,who were hospitalized to the authors' department during 1974 to 2007 and were diagnosed as MPMNs were retrospectively analyzed.Among them there were 119 patients with MPMNs in digestive system,accounting for 76.77%.The analyses for the characteristics of MPMNs included the sites of neoplasms,the age of onset,length of interval,pathologic types and survival time.Results The median age of onset of the first,second and third tumor were 71,77 and 78.5 years old,respectively.In the digestive system the earliest tumor occurred in stomach(40.4%),and then large intestine(34.5%),esophagus(10.5%) and liver(8.7%) sequentially.Most of them were adenocarcinoma.When the whole body was concerned,the neoplasms occurred earliest in the digestive system,and then the respiratory system,urinary system,male reproductive system and hematological system in sequence.Adenocarcinoma was the primary carcinoma in the digestive system.There were 26 synchronous multiple primary cancers(SMPC) and 93 metachronous multiple primary cancers(MMPC) in the 119 cases,and the intervals in MMPC were 156 totally.Conclusion Multiple primary cancers in the gastrointestinal tract occur commonly.The predilection sites of MPMNs in elderly patients are stomach and large intestine,and most of the neoplasms are adenocarcinoma.The prognosis of MMPC is better than SMPC.The longer the intervals between the first tumor and the second one,the better the prognosis of the patients will be.