*Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/*therapy ; Microspheres ; Polyglactin 910/*therapeutic use ; Rats, Inbred ACI

Animals ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; therapy ; Male ; Microspheres ; Polyglactin 910 ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred ACI

Ziel: Evaluation der Effektivit?t verschiedener Methodiken der TACE im tierexperimentellen Modell des hepatozellul?ren Karzinoms. Material und Methoden: Bei m?nnlichen ACI-Ratten (n=58) erfolgte die Implantation eines soliden Morris Hepatom 3924A (1 mm3) subkapsul?r in den Leberlappen. 12—14 Tage nach Implantation wurden die Tumorvolumina kernspintomographisch bestimmt. Nach Laparotomie und retrograder Katheterisierung der Arteria gastroduodenalis wurden anschlieend unterschiedliche Therapieprotokolle der TACE angewendet: (A) Mitomycin C (n=4), (B) Degradiere St?rke Mikrosph?ren (DSM) (n=4), (C) Mitomycin C+DSM (n=4), (D) Mitomycin C + Ligatur (n=5), (E) Mitomycin C+Lipiodol (n=5), (F) Mitomycin C+Lipiodol+Ligatur (n=4), (G) Mitomycin C+DSM+Ligatur (n=4), (H) Mitomycin C+Poly-Laktide-co-Glykolide (PLcG) (n=4), (I) DSM + Ligatur (n=4), (J) Lipiodol + Ligatur (n=4), (K) Ligatur (n=4), (L) Lipiodol (n=5), (M) 0,9% NaCl (Kontrollgruppe, n=7). Zur Effektivit?tsbeurteilung der verschiedenen Methodiken erfolgte 12—14 Tage nach Therapie eine erneute kernspintomographische Volumenbestimmung der Tumoren. Ergebnisse: Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe zeigten Gruppe D, E, F, G, H und J eine statistisch signifikant (P<0.05) geringere Tumorvolumenzunahme, w?hrend Gruppe A, B, C, I, K, L keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Tumorvolumenzunahme zeigten. Schlufolgerung: Die Effektivit?t der TACE im tierexperimentellen Modell des hepatozellul?ren Karzinoms wird nur bei kombinierter Applikation von Zytostatikum und Carrier/Ligatur signifikant erhoht. Die alleinige Applikation des Zytostatikums/der Carrier/Ligatur hatte keinen signifikanten Effekt bezuglich der Effektivit?t.

Ziel: Evaluation der Effektivit?t verschiedener Methodiken der TACE im tierexperimentellen Modell des hepatozellul?ren Karzinoms. Material und Methoden: Bei m?nnlichen ACI-Ratten (n=58) erfolgte die Implantation eines soliden Morris Hepatom 3924A (1 mm3) subkapsul?r in den Leberlappen. 12—14 Tage nach Implantation wurden die Tumorvolumina kernspintomographisch bestimmt. Nach Laparotomie und retrograder Katheterisierung der Arteria gastroduodenalis wurden anschlieend unterschiedliche Therapieprotokolle der TACE angewendet: (A) Mitomycin C (n=4), (B) Degradiere St?rke Mikrosph?ren (DSM) (n=4), (C) Mitomycin C+DSM (n=4), (D) Mitomycin C + Ligatur (n=5), (E) Mitomycin C+Lipiodol (n=5), (F) Mitomycin C+Lipiodol+Ligatur (n=4), (G) Mitomycin C+DSM+Ligatur (n=4), (H) Mitomycin C+Poly-Laktide-co-Glykolide (PLcG) (n=4), (I) DSM + Ligatur (n=4), (J) Lipiodol + Ligatur (n=4), (K) Ligatur (n=4), (L) Lipiodol (n=5), (M) 0,9% NaCl (Kontrollgruppe, n=7). Zur Effektivit?tsbeurteilung der verschiedenen Methodiken erfolgte 12—14 Tage nach Therapie eine erneute kernspintomographische Volumenbestimmung der Tumoren. Ergebnisse: Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe zeigten Gruppe D, E, F, G, H und J eine statistisch signifikant (P<0.05) geringere Tumorvolumenzunahme, w?hrend Gruppe A, B, C, I, K, L keine statistisch signifikanten Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Tumorvolumenzunahme zeigten. Schlufolgerung: Die Effektivit?t der TACE im tierexperimentellen Modell des hepatozellul?ren Karzinoms wird nur bei kombinierter Applikation von Zytostatikum und Carrier/Ligatur signifikant erhoht. Die alleinige Applikation des Zytostatikums/der Carrier/Ligatur hatte keinen signifikanten Effekt bezuglich der Effektivit?t.

To study the effect of Blattidae compound PB on chronic UC induced by alloantigen combined with acetic acid in rats, and to preliminarily explore its mechanism. Methods Chronic UC model was established using alloantigen combined with acetic acid. Normal group and model group were given sodium chloride solution by enema, while the other groups were given respectively to the SASP, the Changyanning and PB low, medium and high doses. The experiment was determined by evaluating DAI, CMDI, HS and the visceral index. Serum IL-4, IL-8, IL-17, CRP, IgG and colonic mucosa TNF-MPO EGF were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with normal group, the levels of IL-8, IL-17, INF-7, CRP, IgG, TNF-a, MPO in model group significantly increased, while the levels of 1L-4, EGF decreased significantly (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). But the levels of DAI,CMDI, HS, IL-8, IL-17, INF-7, CRP, IgG, TNF-ot, MPO in each dose of PB groups were significantly lower than those of model group, and the levels of IL-4, EGF were significantly higher than those of model group (P <0. 01, P < 0. 05). Conclusions Blattidae compound PB can effectively relieve chronic ulcerative colitis induced by alloantigen combined with acetic acid in rats, and its mechanism may be related to promoting Th2 cell activation, changing Thl-prone Thl/Th2 balance to Th2, which regulated cell immunity and humoral immunity to achieve the steady state immune balance.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the proliferation inhibitory effect of quinones from Blaps rynchopetera defense secretion on colorectal tumor cell lines. METHODS: Human colorectal cancer cell HT-29, human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell Caco-2 and normal human colon epithelial cell CCD841 were chosen for the evaluation of inhibitory activity of the main quinones of B. rynchopetera defense secretion, including methyl p-benzoquinone (MBQ), ethyl p-benzoquinone (EBQ), and methyl hydroquinone (MHQ), through methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. The tumor-related factors, cell cycles, related gene expressions and protein levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assy, flow cytometry, RT-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: MBQ, EBQ, and MHQ could significantly inhibit the proliferation of Caco-2, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 7.04 ± 0.88, 10.92 ± 0.32, 9.35 ± 0.83, HT-29, with IC₅₀ values of 14.90 ± 2.71, 20.50 ± 6.37, 13.90 ± 1.30, and CCD841, with IC₅₀ values of 11.40 ± 0.68, 7.02 ± 0.44 and 7.83 ± 0.05 µg/mL, respectively. Tested quinones can reduce the expression of tumor-related factors tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-6 in HT-29 cells, selectively promote apoptosis, and regulate the cell cycle which can reduce the proportion of cells in the G₁ phase and increase the proportion of the S phase. Meanwhile, tested quinones could up-regulate mRNA and protein expression of GSK-3β and APC, while down-regulate that of β-catenin, Frizzled1, c-Myc, and CyclinD1 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway of HT-29 cells. CONCLUSION Quinones from B. rynchopetera defense secretion could inhibit the proliferation of colorectal tumor cells and reduce the expression of related factors, which would be functioned by regulating cell cycle, selectively promoting apoptosis, and affecting Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related mRNA and protein expressions.
Humans ; beta Catenin/metabolism* ; Caco-2 Cells ; Quinones/pharmacology* ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism* ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Apoptosis ; Benzoquinones/pharmacology* ; RNA, Messenger ; Wnt Signaling Pathway

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the infection and genotypes of Wolbachia in common mosquito species in Henan Province, so as to provide insights into management of mosquito-borne diseases. METHODS: Aedes, Culex and Anopheles samples were collected from cowsheds, sheepfolds and human houses in Puyang, Nanyang City and Xuchang cities of Henan Province from July to September, 2022, and the infection of Wolbachia was detected. The 16S rDNA and wsp genes of Wolbachia were amplified and sequenced. Sequence alignment was performed using the BLAST software, and the obtained 16S rDNA gene sequence was compared with the sequence of the 16S rDNA gene in GenBank database. In addition, the phylogenetic trees were created based on 16S rDNA and wsp gene sequences using the software MEGA 11.0. RESULTS: A total 506 female adult mosquitoes were collected from three sampling sites in Nanyang, Xuchang City and Puyang cities from July to September, 2022. The overall detection of Wolbachia was 45.1% (228/506) in mosquitoes, with a higher detection rate in A. albopictus than in Cx. pipiens pallens [97.9% (143/146) vs. 50.6% (85/168); χ² = 88.064, P < 0.01]. The detection of Wolbachia in Cx. pipiens pallens was higher in Xuchang City (96.8%, 62/64) than in Nanyang (15.6%, 7/45) and Puyang cities (27.1%, 16/59) (χ² = 89.950, P < 0.01). The homologies of obtained Wolbachia 16S rDNA and wsp gene sequences were 95.3% to 100.0% and 81.7% to 99.8%. Phylogenetic analysis based on wsp gene sequences showed Wolbachia supergroups A and B in mosquito samples, with wAlbA and wMors strains in supergroup A and wPip and wAlbB strains in supergroup B. Wolbachia strain wAlbB infection was detected in A. albopictus in Puyang and Nanyang Cities, while Wolbachia strain wPip infection was identified in A. albopictus in Xuchang City. Wolbachia strain wAlbA infection was detected in Cx. pipiens pallens sampled from three cities, and one Cx. pipiens pallens was found to be infected with Wolbachia strain wMors in Nanyang City. CONCLUSIONS Wolbachia infection is commonly prevalent in Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens pallens from Henan Province, and Wolbachia strains wAlbB and wAlbA are predominant in Ae. albopictus, while wPip strain is predominant in Cx. pipiens pallens. This is the first report to present Wolbachia wMors strain infection in Cx. pipiens pallens in Henan Province.
Animals ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Wolbachia/genetics* ; Culex/genetics* ; Aedes/genetics* ; DNA, Ribosomal

Objective: To understand the prevalence of major human parasitic diseases and related factors in Henan province. Methods: This stratified sampling survey was carried out according to the requirement of national survey protocol of major human parasitic diseases, 2014-2015. The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths infection, taeniasis and intestinal protozoiasis were surveyed in 104 sites selected from 35 counties (districts) and the prevalence of clonorchiasis was surveyed in 62 sites selected from 37 townships. In each survey spot, 250 persons were surveyed. A total of 26 866 persons and 15 893 persons were surveyed. Modified Kato-Katz thick smear was used to detect the eggs of intestinal helminthes. Tube fecal culture was used to identify the species of hookworm. The Enterobius eggs were detected in children aged 3 to 6 years by using adhesive tape. The cyst and trophozoite of intestinal protozoa were examined with physiological saline direct smear method and iodine stain method. Results: The overall infestation rate of intestinal parasites was2.02% in Henan, and the worm infection rate was higher than protozoa infection rate. Fourteen kinds of intestinal parasites were found, including nematode (5 species), trematode (2 species), and protozoan (7 species). The infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis was highest, and Qinba Mountain ecological area had the highest infestation rate of intestinal parasites in 4 ecological areas of Henan. There was no significant difference in intestinal parasite infection rate between males and females (χ(2)=3.630, P=0.057), and the differences in intestinal parasite infection rate among different age groups had significance (χ(2)=124.783, P=0.000 1). The infection rate reached the peak in age group ≤9 years and the major parasite was Enterobius vermicularis. Furthermore the overall human infection rate of parasite showed a downward trend with the increase of educational level of the people (χ(2)=70.969, P=0.000 1), the differences had significance (χ(2)=120.118, P=0.000 1). For different populations, the infection rate of intestinal parasites was highest among preschool children. The infection of intestinal helminth was mainly mild, only 2 severe cases were detected. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis in urban residents was only 0.006%. Logistic regression analysis showed that being preschool children (χ(2)=15.765, P=0.000 1) and drinking well water (χ(2)=45.589, P=0.000 1) were the risk factors for intestinal parasite infection, and annual income per capita of farmers was the protective factor against intestinal parasite infection. The infection rates of protozoa and intestinal parasites decreased sharply compared with the results of previous two surveys, and the rate of intestinal helminth infection also dropped sharply compared with the second survey. The numbers of protozoa, helminth and intestinal parasites detected in this survey were all less than the numbers found in the previous two surveys. Conclusions: Compared the results of three surveys in Henan, the infection rate of protozoa and intestinal parasites showed a downward trend. The prevention and treatment of Enterobius vermicularis infection in children should be the key point of parasitic disease control in the future.
Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clonorchiasis/epidemiology* ; Farmers ; Feces/parasitology* ; Female ; Helminthiasis/epidemiology* ; Helminths ; Humans ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology* ; Male ; Prevalence ; Protective Factors ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Soil Microbiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Taeniasis/epidemiology* ; Trematode Infections/parasitology* ; Urban Population ; Water Wells

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Physical and/or emotional stresses are important factors in the exacerbation of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Several lines of evidence support that a major impact of stress on the gastrointestinal tract occurs via the enteric nervous system. We aimed to evaluate histological changes in the submucosal plexus (SMP) and myenteric plexus (MP) of the distal ileum in concert with the intestinal motor function in a rat model of IBS with diarrhea. METHODS: The rat model was induced by heterotypic chronic and acute stress (CAS). The intestinal transit was measured by administering powdered carbon by gastric gavage. Double immunohistochemical fluorescence staining with whole-mount preparations of SMP and MP of enteric nervous system was used to assess changes in expression of choline acetyltransferase, vasoactive intestinal peptide, or nitric oxide synthase in relation to the pan neuronal marker, anti-Hu. RESULTS: The intestinal transit ratio increased significantly from control values of 50.8% to 60.6% in the CAS group. The numbers of enteric ganglia and neurons in the SMP were increased in the CAS group. The proportions of choline acetyltransferase- and vasoactive intestinal peptide-immunoreactive neurons in the SMP were increased (82.1 ± 4.3% vs. 76.0 ± 5.0%, P = 0.021; 40.5 ± 5.9% vs 28.9 ± 3.7%, P = 0.001), while nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons in the MP were decreased compared with controls (23.3 ± 4.5% vs 32.4 ± 4.5%, P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: These morphological changes in enteric neurons to CAS might contribute to the dysfunction in motility and secretion in IBS with diarrhea.
Animals ; Carbon ; Choline ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; Diarrhea* ; Enteric Nervous System ; Fluorescence ; Ganglia ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Ileum ; Intestine, Small* ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome* ; Models, Animal* ; Myenteric Plexus ; Neurons* ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Rats* ; Stress, Psychological ; Submucous Plexus ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide

To investigate the effect of end-capped modification of mPEG-PLA with Boc-phenylalanine(BP) on pharmacokinetic characteristics of curcumin(CUR) loaded micelles, and then provide experimental evidence for prescription optimization. Healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups and they were intravenously administered with a single injection of CUR-mPEG-PLA micelles, CUR-mPEG-PLA-BP micelles and reference formulations DMSO solution(n=6). The doses were 20 mg•kg⁻¹ in term of CUR. Blood samples were collected before and after administration, and the concentration of curcumin in blood plasma was determined by HPLC to draw time-concentration curve. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using DAS 2.0 software and statistical analysis was conducted between the different groups. The results indicated that the pharmacokinetic characteristics of CUR-mPEG-PLA micelles were similar to those of the free drug of CUR dissolved in DMSO, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters had no significant difference between the two groups. However, as compared with CUR-mPEG-PLA micelles, CUR-mPEG-PLA-BP micelles had a significantly increased area under the time-concentration curve(AUC), significantly prolonged half-life of elimination(tl/2) and mean residence time(MRT), and reduced total body clearance(Cl) (P<0.05). In conclusion, the amphipathic block copolymer of mPEG-PLA-BP could provide curcumin loaded micelles with preferable pharmacokinetic properties in vivo, and CUR-mPEG-PLA-BP micelles were worthy of further research and development.