OBJECTIVE: To seek for the ultrasound (US) findings of partially cystic thyroid nodules that are associated with malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the US characteristics of 22 surgically confirmed partially cystic papillary carcinomas, and compared them with those of 80 benign partially cystic nodules. The review cases were selected in a random order from a total of 1029 partially cystic nodules that were diagnosed with an US-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy over a period of 8 years (June 2003 to October 2010) at our institution. RESULTS: In partially cystic thyroid nodules, a taller-than-wide shape (100%, p < 0.001) and spiculated or microlobulated margin (58.3%, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with malignancy. In terms of internal solid portion of the nodule, eccentric configuration (68.0%, p < 0.001), non-smooth margin (81.3%, p < 0.001), hypoechogenecity (30.0%, p < 0.042), and microcalcification (89.5%, p < 0.001) were more frequently demonstrated in malignant nodules than benign ones. CONCLUSION: In partially cystic thyroid nodules, understanding the characteristics of US findings is important to make a precise diagnosis of malignant nodules.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology/surgery/*ultrasonography ; Case-Control Studies ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Cysts/pathology/surgery/*ultrasonography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology/surgery/*ultrasonography ; Thyroid Nodule/pathology/surgery/*ultrasonography

Duplication cysts are uncommon congenital malformations that may occur anywhere throughout the alimentary tract. The stomach is an extremely rare site of occurrence. Here, we report a case of gastric duplication cyst initially presenting with a gastric submucosal tumor. A 28-year-old man complained of dyspepsia lasting 1 year and upper endoscopy revealed an ellipsoid submucosal tumor at the greater curvature of the antrum. We intended to use the injection-and-cut technique: however, after saline injection, the lesion was dented and impossible to grasp with a snare. Therefore, we decided to perform endoscopic submucosal dissection and removed the tumor without complication. Histopathology revealed a 0.6x0.6 cm-sized duplication cyst, and there has been no recurrence in 2 years.
Adult ; Cysts/congenital/*pathology/*surgery ; Dissection ; Gastric Mucosa/*pathology/*surgery ; *Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Pyloric Antrum/pathology ; Stomach Diseases/*pathology/*surgery/ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Carcinoid Tumor/*diagnosis/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Colonoscopy ; Cysts/*pathology/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Synaptophysin/metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this case series was to determine the sonographic features of neonatal ovarian torsion.

MATERIALS AND METHODSSeven surgically proven cases of neonatal ovarian cysts were included in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into 2 groups, torsion and non-torsion. These 7 patients were evaluated for the clinical presentation, sonographic features, surgical and pathological findings. The findings on follow-up sonography after surgery were also noted.

RESULTSThe sonographic appearance was variable. Of the 4 cases with torsion, 2 lesions had internal echoes with 'fi sh-net appearance'. The other 2 lesions were predominantly cystic on the sonography with internal echoes and echogenic nodule. A calcific focus was present in 1 of these echogenic nodules. One of the cysts had fluid-fluid level. In the non-torsion group, only 1 lesion had mixed echogenic appearance. The other 2 lesions were cystic with low level internal echoes in 1 of the cysts. The surgical procedure performed in the torsion group was salpingo-oophorectomy in 2 patients and oophorectomy in 1 patient. In 1 patient, cystectomy was attempted without success. In the non-torsion group, only cystectomy was performed with preservation of normal ovaries, which was confirmed on follow-up sonography.

CONCLUSIONThe sonographic features of cysts with 'fish-net appearance', fluid-debris level and cysts with echogenic nodule favour torsion. The former sign has so far not been described as a sonographic predictor for neonatal ovarian torsion.

Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Ovarian Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovary ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Torsion Abnormality ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Ultrasonography, Doppler ; instrumentation

A 5 year-old, intact female Yorkshire terrier was referred for dysuria and dyschezia. The radiographic and ultrasound examination showed a round shaped mass caudal to the urinary bladder that contained anechoic fluid within the thin walls. During surgery, the cyst was noted to be attached to the outer wall of the vagina, not connected to the vaginal lumen. Cystic fluid was removed and the cystic wall was resected. Then the remaining cystic wall was omentalized to prevent a recurrence. Histological examination confirmed that the cyst was of Wolffian duct origin. In this case, a large Gartner duct cyst causing urological problems was diagnosed and removed by surgical resection.
Animals ; Constipation/etiology/veterinary ; Cysts/surgery/ultrasonography/*veterinary ; Dog Diseases/*pathology/surgery/ultrasonography ; Dogs ; Dysuria/etiology/veterinary ; Female ; Treatment Outcome ; Vaginal Diseases/complications/pathology/surgery/*veterinary ; Wolffian Ducts/*pathology/surgery

Congenital cysts of the gallbladder are extremely rare, hence only a few ciliated foregut cysts of gallbladder have been reported. We report a case of a 20-year-old woman presenting with mild right upper quadrant abdominal discomfort, with normal levels of serum bilirubin and liver function tests. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a well-defined cystic mass measured about 2 cm attached to the neck of gallbladder, with internal echogenic debris suggesting a complicated cyst, such as a hemorrhagic cyst. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed similar findings. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed a slightly distended gallbladder. The size of cyst on the neck was 1.6x1.2 cm, and it contained mucosa lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium and underlying smooth muscle layers. Histopathology identified a ciliated foregut cyst of gallbladder.
Abdomen/diagnostic imaging ; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Cysts/diagnostic imaging/pathology/surgery ; Female ; Gallbladder/pathology/surgery ; Gallbladder Diseases/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnosis and treatment of ejaculatory duct cyst.

METHODSThis study included 2 male patients present at the hospital for hemospermia and abnormal sensation in the perineal region in July and August 2014. Both underwent transrectal ultrasonography, routine semen examination, CT, MRI, cystoscopy, and vesiculography before transurethral fenestration of the cysts and pathological examination of the cyst wall specimens. Analyses were made on the clinical presentations, imaging features, pathological characteristics, differential diagnosis and treatment of ejaculatory duct cyst and relevant literature was reviewed.

RESULTSThe cyst wall was mainly composed of smooth muscle, the inner wall lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia, and with positive expressions of CD10 and Muc6 proteins on immunohistochemical staining, which indicated renal iatrogenic ejaculatory duct cyst. The patients were followed up for 18 and 20 months, respectively. All symptoms disappeared and no recurrence occurred after surgery. Routine semen examination for the two patients showed the semen volumes to be 3.5 and 3.1 ml, sperm concentrations 35 and 32 ×10⁶/ml, grade a sperm 32.0 and 26.0%, grade b sperm 18.0 and 31.0%, and semen liquidation time 30 and 34 minutes, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSPelvic cystic masses can be detected by transrectal ultrasonography, CT and MRI, but definite diagnosis relies on vesiculography, pathological examination and immunohistochemical staining. Transurethral fenestration is safe and effective for the treatment of ejaculation duct cyst.

Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Ejaculation ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Genital Diseases, Male ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Hemospermia ; etiology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Count ; Spermatozoa ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the surgery in simple ovarian cysts.

METHODSFrom Jan. 1994 to Dec. 1999, 221 women with simple ovarian cysts were admitted into our hospital. The diameter of cysts was < 5 cm in 76 cases, and was > or = 5 cm in 145 cases ultrasonically. One hundred and eighty-four patients underwent laparoscopy, and thirty-seven underwent laparotomy.

RESULTSHistological findings showed no malignancy in this series. Simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum were found histologically in 90.8% of cases with cysts < 5 cm, and 60% of those with cysts > 7 cm respectively, their difference was significant (chi2=37.13, P<0.001). The simple cysts, paraovarian cysts and corpus luteum cysts were found in 81.5% of postmenopausal women and 84.0% of premenopausal women.

CONCLUSIONPatients with cysts > 7 cm are indicated for surgical procedures, while a period of followup is acceptable for patients with cysts < 7 cm, and surgery is advisable if the cyst is persistent during followup. Postmenopausal women with cysts should have operations.

Endometriosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Ovarian Cysts ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Ovarian Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Teratoma ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Ultrasonography

INTRODUCTIONEndoscopic transenteric stenting is the standard treatment for pseudocysts, but it may be inadequate for treating infected collections with solid debris. Surgical necrosectomy results in significant morbidity. Direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN), a minimally invasive treatment, may be a viable option. This study examined the efficacy and safety of DEN for the treatment of infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis and infected pseudocysts with solid debris.

METHODSThis study was a retrospective analysis of data collected from a prospective database of patients who underwent DEN in the presence of infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis or infected pseudocysts with solid debris from April 2007 to October 2011. DEN was performed as a staged procedure. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided transgastric stenting was performed during the first session for initial drainage and to establish endoscopic access to the infected collection. In the second session, the drainage tract was dilated endoscopically to allow transgastric passage of an endoscope for endoscopic necrosectomy. Outcome data included technical success, clinical success and complication rates.

RESULTSEight patients with infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis or infected pseudocysts with solid debris (mean size 12.5 cm; range 7.8-17.2 cm) underwent DEN. Underlying aetiologies included severe acute pancreatitis (n = 6) and post-pancreatic surgery (n = 2). DEN was technically successful in all patients. Clinical resolution was achieved in seven patients. One patient with recurrent collection opted for surgery instead of repeat endotherapy. No procedural complications were encountered.

CONCLUSIONDEN is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment for infected walled-off pancreatic necrosis and infected pseudocysts.

Adult ; Aged ; Cysts ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Necrosis ; Pancreas ; pathology ; Pancreatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; therapy ; Singapore ; Stents ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography