Transvaginal bladder neck suspension by Raz is an acceptable procedure for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence with high cure rate, operative simplicity, short hospitalization and little morbidity. Recently we experienced 8 cases of stress urinary incontinence treated with Raz's procedure and 2 cases with coexisting cystocele were treated with 4-corner operation. All cases have been assessed prior to and following operation and the results were satisfactory. Herein, we report 10 cases of stress urinary incontinence treated by Raz's procedure and 4-corner operation with review of literatures.
Cystocele ; Hospitalization ; Neck* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence*

A rate com;lication of hysterectomy is complete prolapse and inversion of vagina. This can occur whether the hysterectomy was abdominal or vaginal and cystocele and/or enterocele is often associated with this condition. Traditionally, prolapse has been treated by surgery, the types of operation for prolapse are generally but not always, carried out through the vaginal rather than through the abdominal surgical route. We experienced five cases who had repair of posthysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse by transabdominal sacral colpopexy and report with brief review of literatures.
Cystocele ; Hernia ; Hysterectomy* ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse* ; Prolapse ; Vagina

A paraurethral cyst is a rare congenital or acquired abnormality in females that is characterized by a round, yellow or orange-colored cystic mass on either side of the urethral meatus. We report a patient who presented with frequent, postvoiding dribbling. The important differential diagnostic considerations in infants and adults are an ectopic ureterocele, urethral diverticulum, cystocele and paraurethral tumors. Intravenous pyelography, voiding cystourethrogram, cystourethroscopy are essential for differentiating these lesions. This case of a paraurethral cyst was treated with complete excision.
Adult ; Cystocele ; Diverticulum ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Ureterocele ; Urethra ; Urography

A rare case of vaginal tuberculosis is reported. A 42-year-old woman referred to our hospital for surgical treatment of a cystocele presented with vaginal mass for 2 months. Pelvic examination revealed a cystic mass at anterior vagianl wall. Her initial diagnosis was urethral diverticulum. Surgical excision was performed and pathological analysis of the specimen revealed tuberculosis. She was treated with antituberculous drugs. We emphasize the need to maintain a high index of suspicion and to biopsy any suspicious vaginal lesion in the diagnosis of vaginal tuberculosis.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cystocele ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulum ; Female ; Gynecological Examination ; Humans ; Tuberculosis*

Paraurethral cysts in female patients have distinctive histologic characteristics based upon their etiopathogenesis, which may be acquired or congenital. One patient is presented with discussion of the embryology of the lower genitourinary in the female subject. Important differential diagnostic considerations in infants and adults are ectopic ureterocele, urethral diverticula, cystocele and paraurethral tumors. IVP, VCUG, cystourethroscopy are necessary to differentiate these lesions. We have treated a case of paraurethral cyst with complete excision.
Adult ; Cystocele ; Diverticulum ; Embryology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Ureterocele

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of asymptomatic urethral caruncle (UC) on micturition in women suffering from urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 232 patients participated in the study. UC was diagnosed in 50 of 232 patients with urinary incontinence during a physical examination in our clinic. All cases were divided into 2 groups: UC combined with urinary incontinence (group 1) and urinary incontinence only (group 2). Urodynamic evaluations were performed according to the International Continence Society standards. RESULTS: Both groups were similar in terms of voiding diary, pad test and residual urine volume. Urodynamic studies revealed no significant difference between group 1 and 2 (infravesical obstruction: 6% vs. 4.4%; overactive detrusor: 44% vs. 42.9% respectively). The rates of severe IPSS (37.8% vs. 20.9%) and severe cystocele (20.9% vs. 13.8%) were numerically higher in group 1 with no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that there is no effect of asymptomatic UC on lower urinary tract symptoms in women with urinary incontinence. Therefore, treating asymptomatic UC is unnecessary in these patients. However, during incontinence surgery, it is the surgeon's decision whether to treat asymptomatic UC.
Cystocele ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Physical Examination ; Stress, Psychological ; Urethra ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urination ; Urodynamics

PURPOSE: The use of synthetic mesh to reinforce the anterior vaginal wall support for cystocele repair has been proposed to prevent recurrence. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of cystocele repair using monofilament polypropylene mesh (Gynemesh PS(TM)). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was performed in 53 patents who underwent cystocele repair using monofilament polypropylene mesh between January 2006 and January 2009. According to the ICS (International Continence Society) stage classification, 33, 17 and 3 women had stage II, III and IV cystocele. The operation were performed through the vaginal approach. Patients were followed up for 9 to 36 months. We defined the cure of cystocele as stage 0, improvement as stage I, and failed as stage II or greater RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 23.8 months. At follow-up, 41 women were anatomically cured (77.4%), 12 women were improved as stage I (22.6%) and no one was failed. Six cases were previously ICS stage II, 5 cases were stage III and 1 case was stage IV in improved group. No significant intraoperative complications occurred. The postoperative complications were de novo urgency (4 cases, 7.6%), erosion of mesh (2 cases, 3.8%) and anterior vaginal wall hematoma (1 case, 1.9%). CONCLUSION: The use of polypropylene mesh for correction of cystocele by transvaginal route with tension free technique seems to be a safe and effective procedure.
Classification ; Cystocele* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; Polypropylenes* ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: Traditional anterior colporrhaphy repair can have a high recurrence rate. Therefore, the use of synthetic mesh to reinforce the anterior vaginal wall support has been proposed to prevent recurrence. The objective of our study was to compare the anatomic recurrence rates in patients that underwent the traditional anterior colporrhaphy with patients who add a monofilament polypropylene mesh repair(Gynemesh PSTM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the charts of patients who underwent transvaginal cystocele repair between January 2003 and June 2006. All patients had a physical examination and staging of the prolapse; the International Continence Society(ICS) system was used for the staging. Mid urethral sling operations were performed when stress incontinences was an associated feature. An anatomic recurrence was defined as an ICS stage 2 or greater anterior prolapse on the last recorded physical examination. The subjective patient satisfaction was also recorded. RESULTS: Seventy-one patients were available for study with a mean follow- up of 18.4 months. Thirty-eight patients underwent traditional anterior colporrhaphy, while 33 patients underwent cystocele repair using the monofilament polypropylene mesh(Gynemesh PSTM). Among the 71 patients, 9(12.7%) had recurrence of the cystocele. Based on the type of repair, 21.1%(8/38) of the patients with traditional repair had a recurrence compared to 3.0%(1/33) of the patients with the polypropylene mesh repair(p=0.03). With regard to satisfaction, 76.3%(29/38) of the patients with anterior colporrhaphy and 97.0%(32/33) with the mesh repair were satisfied with the outcome of the surgery(p=0.02). One patient had erosion of the mesh, at the midline, in front of the vaginal scar, at 12 months after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the monofilament polypropylene mesh(Gynemesh PSTM) repairs improved the outcomes of anterior colporrhaphy with regard to the prevention of recurrent cystoceles.
Cicatrix ; Cystocele ; Humans ; Patient Satisfaction ; Physical Examination ; Polypropylenes ; Prolapse ; Recurrence ; Suburethral Slings

The modified supracervical hysterectomy with intrafascial cylindriform enucleation of cervix via endoscopy or vaginal approach enables to do an minimal invasive and organ preserving surgery. The pelvic floor support is maintained and sexual sensation is preserved, and there may be nearly little concern of cancer on cervix. The physical stress to the patient is minimized. But, Intrafascial Vaginal Hysterectomy is rarely performed in case of large uterus size. We performed Intrafascial Vaginal Hysterectomy in patient of adenomyosis with cystocele and rectocele and then report that with review of journal and text book.
Adenomyosis* ; Cervix Uteri ; Cystocele* ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal* ; Pelvic Floor ; Rectocele* ; Sensation ; Uterus

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback 1 treatment and functional electrical stimulation in stress incontinence patients as a physiotherapy and to know which factors affect on the outcome. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A group of 65 patients with stress incontinence were treated with combined alternating biofeedback and intravaginal electrical stimulation during 12 sessions, each 21 minutes in length, during 6 weeks. All patients had type l or ll stress incontinence. RESULTS: At immediate post treatment, subjective cure(complete dryness) rate was 15% and improvement(recovery to avoid other forms of treatment) rate was 60% and failure rate was 25%. Thus, the overall success rate for this treatment was 75%. In 49 patients who had all scheduled sessions and good compliance, subjective cure rate was 14% and improvement rate was 71%, but in 16 patients not to have good compliance, cure rate was 19%, improvement rate was 25%. In compliant patients, the result of 3 months after treatment showed cure rate was 11%, improvement rate was 54%. Compliance with reatment was the most significant parameter predictive of a good outcome(p<0.01) and the degree of stress incontinence was also significant in compliant patients(p<0.05). No clinical correlation with outcome was found in age, type, severity of cystocele, pelvic muscle strength, initial degree of vaginal contraction. Intravaginal pressure increased by an average of 10cmH20. Increased vaginal pressure was found in 93% of the patients and at least 50%improvement was 61%. Urge incontinence and urgency were present in 10(15%) and 19(29%) of the patients and improvement including cure was found 90% in urge incontinence and 89% in urgency. CONCLUSIONS: Biofeedback treatment and functional electrical stimulation is more effective for the patients who have good compliance, low degree stress incontinence and combined bladder irritation symptoms. In order to attain and maintain good results, a well structured biofeedback and functional electrical stimulation program that teaches specific muscle exercise should be used and the patients should be followed by a maintenance program and reinforcement.
Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Compliance ; Cystocele ; Electric Stimulation* ; Humans ; Muscle Strength ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Incontinence, Urge