No abstract available.
Cystitis, Interstitial*

No abstract available.
Cystitis, Interstitial* ; Mast Cells*

No abstract available.
Cystitis, Interstitial* ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide*

A unique glycopeptide, antiproliferative factor (APF), has been suggested as a urinary biomarker and potential mediator of long-term bladder disorder Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome. There is no known cause for this disease. Several mechanistic approaches have been employed to address the underlying mechanism whereby APF regulates cellular responses in the bladder epithelium. A summary of recent literature is provided, and is focused on signal transduction pathways and networks that are responsive to APF.
Cystitis, Interstitial ; Epithelium ; Signal Transduction ; Urinary Bladder

Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is characterized by bladder discomfort, urinary frequency, urgency, and pelvic pain. The etiology and pathogenesis of this condition is still unknown and remains diagnosed by exclusion. The histologic findings are also neither specific for diagnosis nor correlated with symptoms. However, the definition and diagnostic criteria for the condition was established in the last decade. In this paper, we review the changes in the definition, terminology, and diagnostic scheme of IC/BPS, and summarize the histologic findings. We also briefly discuss some new pathologic suggestions and new urinary markers, focusing on the most promising ones.
Cystitis, Interstitial ; Diagnosis* ; Pathology* ; Pelvic Pain ; Urinary Bladder

Interstitial cystitis is an extremely painful and distressing condition, characterized by severe suprapubic pain, which increases with bladder filling and is relieved by voiding. The daily frequency of micturition may approach 100 times, but no incontinence is observed. The symptoms persist throughout the night, which consequently affects sleep. The etiology of this condition is still unknown, but includes infection, autoimmune response, allergic reaction, neurogenic inflammation, epithelial dysfunction and inherited susceptibility. Herein, a case of interstitial cystitis, with severe symptoms, which was successfully treated with lumbar sympathetic block, is reported.
Autoimmunity ; Cystitis, Interstitial* ; Hypersensitivity ; Neurogenic Inflammation ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether hydrodistention with fulguration of Hunner lesions (HD/FUL) plus maintenance dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) therapy prolongs the recurrence-free time in patients with Hunner type interstitial cystitis (IC).METHODS: The study enrolled patients with Hunner type IC who required repeat HD/FUL due to recurrence of IC symptoms after the first HD/FUL at our institution. All patients received a second HD/FUL plus maintenance DMSO therapy. The maintenance DMSO therapy was performed every 2 weeks for a total of 8 instillations, and then once every 4 weeks thereafter. The recurrencefree time from HD/FUL to therapeutic failure was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The recurrence-free time between the first HD/FUL and second HD/FUL plus maintenance DMSO therapy was statistically compared using the log-rank test.RESULTS: A total of 21 patients (mean age, 66.3±10.8 years) with Hunner type IC were evaluated. The recurrence-free time for the second HD/FUL plus maintenance DMSO therapy was significantly longer than that for the first HD/FUL (P<0.0001). The median recurrence-free time for the first HD/FUL was 10.1 months, while that for the second HD/FUL plus maintenance DMSO therapy has yet to be reached. The recurrence-free rate for the first HD/FUL was 81.0% at 6 months, 38.1% at 1 year, 9.5% at 2 years, and 4.8% at 3 years. In contrast, the rate for the second HD/FUL plus maintenance DMSO therapy was 100% at 6 months, 94.7% at 1 year, 82.6% at 2 years, and 82.6% at 3 years. There were no significant differences in efficacy between the first and second HD/FUL.CONCLUSIONS: HD/FUL plus maintenance DMSO therapy clearly prolongs the recurrence-free time compared with HD/FUL alone in Hunner type IC.
Cystitis, Interstitial ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide ; Humans ; Methods ; Pilot Projects ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of fulguration of Hunner's ulcers (HUs) in painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC) that is refractory to conservative treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with refractory PBS/IC and treated with fulguration between 2011 and 2013 were identified through screening of medical records. To evaluate treatment outcomes, voiding diaries, the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and two IC symptom questionnaires (pelvic pain and urgency/frequency scale [PUF] and O'Leary-Sant IC symptom index and IC problem index [OS]) were used. Fulguration was deemed to be successful if the VAS score was <2 or less than half of the preoperative VAS score. RESULTS: In total, 27 patients with PBS/IC in whom conservative treatments had failed were enrolled. Two months after fulguration, decreases were observed in the mean 24-hour urinary frequency (from 16.0 to 10.2), 24-hour urgency episodes (8.0 to 1.8), and the VAS (5.8 to 1.2), PUF symptom (15.1 to 7.0), PUF bother (8.4 to 2.7), OS symptom (15.1 to 7.2), and OS problem (13.8 to 6.0) scores. At 5 and 10 months, all variables had worsened. At 2, 5, and 10 months, the success rates were 94.1%, 70.0%, and 33.3%, respectively. Four patients underwent one repeat fulguration on average 11.3 months after the first fulguration. Repeat fulguration was not significantly associated with any clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: In PBS/IC that was refractory to medication or other conservative treatments, HU elimination by fulguration effectively improved symptoms. However, this effect decreased gradually over time.
Cystitis ; Cystitis, Interstitial* ; Electrocoagulation ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Medical Records ; Ulcer* ; Urinary Bladder

Eosinophilic cystitis is an uncommon inflammatory process seen in children and adult which was recognized in 1960. The disease is similar to interstitial cystitis. tuberculosis and bladder neoplasms in the clinical manifestations and should be differentiated from them. We herein report a case of eosinophilic cystitis in a 60-year-old woman which was confused. with bladder carcinoma with brief review of the literatures.
Adult ; Child ; Cystitis* ; Cystitis, Interstitial ; Eosinophils* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Tuberculosis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

PURPOSE: In the treatment of interstitial cystitis, intravesical hyaluronic acid application may be suggested as a treatment option. In this randomized prospective study, the authors aimed to identify whether instilling the hyaluronic acid with electromotive drug administration (EMDA) would increase the tissue uptake and improve the efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of 31 patients who had been diagnosed with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) between 2004 and 2005 were examined. The patients were randomized to two groups: patients in group A received hyaluronic acid directly with a catheter and patients in group B received hyaluronic acid with EMDA. The patients were followed for 24 months and the two groups were compared at certain time intervals. The primary end points of the study were visual analogue scale (VAS) score, global response assessment, and micturition frequency in 24 hours. RESULTS: There were 6 males and 25 females. The two groups were similar in baseline parameters. The decrease in VAS score and the micturition frequency in 24 hours were significantly lower with EMDA at months 6 and 12. The difference between the two groups was not significant at months 1 and 24. Also, treatment with EMDA, positive KCl test, and pretreatment voiding frequency >17 were associated with higher response rates. CONCLUSIONS: Hyaluronic acid installation is an effective glycosaminoglycan substitution therapy in patients with BPS/IC. Instillation of hyaluronic acid via EMDA can improve the efficacy of the treatment; however, lack of long-term efficacy is the major problem with this glycosaminoglycan substitution therapy.
Catheters ; Cystitis ; Cystitis, Interstitial ; Female ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid* ; Male ; Prospective Studies* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urination