1.The first case of Cyclospora detected from diarrhea patients in Viet Nam
Journal of Preventive Medicine 2002;12(3):30-33
Cyclospora was detected in stool specimen from three diarrhoea patients aged 3 and 42 year old in Me Tri commune, Tu Liem district, Ha Noi; Phu Binh, Thai Nguyen and Bach Mai hospital. Patients had diarrhoea with loose or watery stool for more than two weeks before examination. Cyclopora with a typical form was observed by direct examination and acid-fast staining technique. Patient recovered quickly after treatment with trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.
Cyclospora
;
Diarrhea
2.No title in English
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 1997;40(6):734-738
No abstract available.
Cryptosporidium
;
Cyclospora
3.A New Species of Graphis and New Lichen Records from Vietnam, Including a Second Worldwide Report of Sarcographina cyclospora.
Santosh JOSHI ; Udeni JAYALAL ; Soon Ok OH ; Thi Thuy NGUYEN ; Nguyen Anh DZUNG ; Jae Seoun HUR
Mycobiology 2014;42(1):17-21
Graphis upretii is a new lichen species discovered in Vietnam. The species is characterized by a loosely corticate, rough, whitish grey to greyish green thallus, elongate and irregularly branched lirellae with an apically thin complete thalline margin (negrosina morph), laterally carbonized, entire proper exciple, clear hymenium, hyaline, 16~20 transversely locular ascospores, and about 50~95 x 10~15 microm in size. In addition, members of the taxon produce norstictic and stictic acids. Currently, the lichen flora of Vietnam include Arthonia radiata, Brigantiaea tricolor, Coenogonium implexum, Dirina paradoxa, Herpothallon sipmanii, Pertusaria pertusa, and Sarcographina cyclospora.
Carbon
;
Classification
;
Cyclospora*
;
Hyalin
;
Lichens*
;
Vietnam*
4.Emerging Infectious Disease by Industrialization and Technology.
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 1999;31(1):65-78
Nowadays, industrialization caused a new sort of infectious diseases which had not been noticed before. Most of them can be included into category of food-borne zoonosis, for example, Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157: H7, Campylobacter, Cyclospora cayetanensis, and new variant creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease (nvCJD). Development of diagnostic technology revealed the causative pathogen of many diseases which used to be regarded as non-infectious. The management of opportunistic infections in the increasing population of immunocompromised hosts accompanied with the progress in transplantation became a new challenge to the clinical field.
Campylobacter
;
Communicable Diseases
;
Communicable Diseases, Emerging*
;
Cyclospora
;
Escherichia coli O157
;
Immunocompromised Host
;
Opportunistic Infections
;
Salmonella
6.Prevalence of Enteric Protozoan Oocysts with Special Reference to Sarcocystis cruzi among Fecal Samples of Diarrheic Immunodeficient Patients in Iran.
Mahmoud AGHOLI ; Shahrbanou Naderi SHAHABADI ; Mohammad Hossein MOTAZEDIAN ; Gholam Reza HATAM
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2016;54(3):339-344
The genus Sarcocystis is not usually considered as an important enteric pathogen in immune compromised patients. It might be expected that species for which humans are the final host (Sarcocystis hominis and Sarcocystis suihominis as well as possibly others) would be encountered increasingly often in immunodeficient persons. This study aimed to address how to detect and differentiate Sarcocystis oocysts and/or sporocysts from enteric protozoans in the diarrheal samples of immunodeficient patients in Shiraz, Iran. Diarrheal samples of 741 immunodeficient patients with recurrent persistent or chronic diarrhea were examined by microscopy and molecular biological analysis. Oocysts-positive samples were 68 Cryptosporidium spp., 9 Cystoisospora belli (syn. Isospora belli), 2 Cyclospora cayetanensis, and 15 microsporidia (Enterocytozoon bieneusi). Sarcocystis-like sporocysts found from a woman were identified as Sarcocystis cruzi through 18S rDNA amplification and phylogenetic analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of S. cruzi from a human.
Cryptosporidium
;
Cyclospora
;
Diarrhea
;
DNA, Ribosomal
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Iran*
;
Isospora
;
Microscopy
;
Microsporidia
;
Oocysts*
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Prevalence*
;
Sarcocystis*
7.A Case of Human Cyclosporiasis Causing Traveler's Diarrhea after Visiting Indonesia.
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2003;18(5):738-741
This is the first case of human cyclosporiasis reported in Korea. We detected the oocyst of Cyclospora cayetanensis from a 14-yr old girl who complained of persistent diarrhea after traveling to Indonesia. Round oocysts sized about 8 to 9 m with wrinkle on the wall were found in modified acid fast stained stool specimen. Stainability was variable from red to pale. Oocyst wall showed typical autofluorescence under ultraviolet illumination. The exact diagnosis for the cause of diarrhea and treatment for this patient were not provided at the right moment from the hospital since the diagnostic system for the Cyclospora infection was not ready in the clinical laboratory of the hospital. More attention should be paid on Cyclospora as a cause of diarrhea especially for those returning from a trip to the tropics and an adequate diagnostic system for the Cyclospora infection should be implemented in clinical laboratories as soon as possible.
Adolescent
;
Animals
;
Cyclospora/metabolism
;
Cyclosporiasis/*diagnosis/*pathology
;
Diarrhea/*diagnosis/pathology
;
Female
;
Human
;
Indonesia
;
Oocysts/metabolism
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
;
Travel
8.Multiplex-Touchdown PCR to Simultaneously Detect Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Cyclospora cayetanensis, the Major Causes of Traveler's Diarrhea.
Ji Hun SHIN ; Sang Eun LEE ; Tong Soo KIM ; Da Won MA ; Jong Yil CHAI ; Eun Hee SHIN
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2016;54(5):631-636
This study aimed to develop a multiplex-touchdown PCR method to simultaneously detect 3 species of protozoan parasites, i.e., Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Cyclospora cayetanensis, the major causes of traveler’s diarrhea and are resistant to standard antimicrobial treatments. The target genes included the Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein for C. parvum, Glutamate dehydrogenase for G. lamblia, and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) for C. cayetanensis. The sizes of the amplified fragments were 555, 188, and 400 bps, respectively. The multiplex-touchdown PCR protocol using a primer mixture simultaneously detected protozoa in human stools, and the amplified gene was detected in >1×10³ oocysts for C. parvum, >1×10⁴ cysts for G. lamblia, and >1 copy of the 18S rRNA gene for C. cayetanensis. Taken together, our protocol convincingly demonstrated the ability to simultaneously detect C. parvum, G. lamblia, and C. cayetanenesis in stool samples.
Cryptosporidium parvum*
;
Cryptosporidium*
;
Cyclospora*
;
Diarrhea*
;
Genes, rRNA
;
Giardia lamblia*
;
Giardia*
;
Glutamate Dehydrogenase
;
Humans
;
Methods
;
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Oocysts
;
Parasites
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction*
;
RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
9.Simultaneous Molecular Detection of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora from Raw Vegetables in Korea.
Seobo SIM ; Jua WON ; Jae Whan KIM ; Kyungjin KIM ; Woo Yoon PARK ; Jae Ran YU
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2017;55(2):137-142
Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora are well-known coccidian protozoa that can cause waterborne and foodborne diarrheal illnesses. There have been a few reports regarding contamination in different vegetables with Cryptosporidium, but no data are available regarding the sources of Cyclospora infections in Korea. In the present study, we collected 6 kinds of vegetables (perilla leaves, winter-grown cabbages, chives, sprouts, blueberries, and cherry tomatoes) from July 2014 to June 2015, and investigated contamination by these 2 protozoa using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR. Among 404 vegetables, Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora were detected in 31 (7.7%) and 5 (1.2%) samples, respectively. In addition, Cryptosporidium was isolated from all 6 kinds of vegetables, whereas Cyclospora was detected in 4 kinds of vegetables (except perilla leaves and chives). Cryptosporidium (17.8%) and Cyclospora (2.9%) had the highest detection rates in chives and winter-grown cabbages, respectively. Cryptosporidium was detected all year long; however, Cyclospora was detected only from October to January. In 2 samples (sprout and blueberry), both Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora were detected. Further investigations using TaqI restriction enzyme fragmentation and nested PCR confirmed Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis, respectively. In conclusion, we detected C. cayetanensis in vegetables for the first time in Korea. This suggests that screening should be employed to prevent these protozoal infections in Korea.
Blueberry Plant
;
Brassica
;
Chive
;
Cryptosporidium parvum
;
Cryptosporidium*
;
Cyclospora*
;
Korea*
;
Mass Screening
;
Perilla
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Vegetables*
10.Enteroparasitism and Risk Factors Associated with Clinical Manifestations in Children and Adults of Jalisco State in Western Mexico
María de la Luz GALVÁN-RAMÍREZ ; Ana Luisa MADRIZ-ELISONDO ; Cynthia Guadalupe Temores RAMÍREZ ; Jorge de DE JESÚS ROMERO RAMEÑO ; Dania Araceli DE LA O CARRASCO ; Marco Antonio Cardona LÓPEZ
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives 2019;10(1):39-48
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasites in the population of San Juan Cosala, Jalisco, Mexico. METHODS: A total of 277 samples from 104 participants were analysed using direct smear, flotation, formaldehyde/ethyl acetate, and modified Kinyoun’s acid-fast stain methods. The Graham method was applied only for samples from children under 12 years of age for the diagnosis of Enterobius vermicularis. RESULTS: The prevalence of parasite infections in the study population was 77.9% including: Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar/E. moshkovskii/E. bangladeshi (37.5%), Giardia intestinalis (11.5%); commensals: Endolimax nana (44.2%), Entamoeba coli (27.9%), Chilomastix mesnili (6.7%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii, (2.9%); emerging intestinal protozoans: Blastocystis spp. (49%), Cryptosporidium spp. (7.7%) and Cyclospora cayetanensis (2.9%); and helminths: Enterobius vermicularis (18.3%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (5.8%). The results also showed that 58.64% of the studied population presented polyparasitism. A significant association was found between protozoan infections and housewives, and houses that were not built with concrete ceilings, brick walls and cement floors (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Polyparasitism was observed in over half the study population. The most prevalent parasite was Blastocystis spp, whilst the prevalence of helminths was less than that of protozoans. The risk factors for infection to intestinal parasites were being a housewife and not having solid brick, cement and concrete materials for house construction.
Adult
;
Ascaris lumbricoides
;
Blastocystis
;
Child
;
Cryptosporidium
;
Cyclospora
;
Diagnosis
;
Endolimax
;
Entamoeba
;
Enterobius
;
Giardia lamblia
;
Helminths
;
Humans
;
Methods
;
Mexico
;
Parasites
;
Prevalence
;
Protozoan Infections
;
Retortamonadidae
;
Risk Factors