No abstract available.
Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Cyclooxygenase 2*

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Cyclooxygenase 1* ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Humans ; Osteoarthritis

OBJECTIVE: A large body of evidence suggests that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is important in tumorigenesis of gastrointestinal and other cancers. This was the study to determine whether COX-2 was also expressed in benign and malignant ovarian tumors. METHODS: We studied the expression of COX-2 in various ovarian tumors [ Benign epithelial tumors (n=10), borderline epithelial tumors (n=12), malignant epithelial tumor (n=12), nonepithelial tumors(n=10) ] by immunohistochemistry. Results of immunoreactivity was classified semiquantitatively based on the proportion and intensity of tumor cell immunostaining. RESULTS: In the epithelial ovarian tumors, the intensity of immunostaining was stronger in the malignant tumors than the benign and borderline tumors (p<0.001). Especially all serous and mucinous malignant tumors (n=9) showed weak and strong immunoreactivity, with 66.7% strong reactivity. None of the nonepithelial ovarian tumors expressed COX-2 immunoreactivity. CONCLUSION: These preliminary data indicate that COX-2 may have a role in carcinogenesis of epithelial ovarian tumors, especially in the serous and mucinous types. COX-2 maybe a target for future research in the tumorigenesis of the epithelial ovarian malignancies.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mucins

Phytochemical investigation from the stem bark of Beilschmiedia pulverulenta resulted in the isolation of five lignans, (+)-yangambin (1), (+)-sesartemin (2), (+)-excelsin (3), (+)-sesamin (4), and (+)-syringaresinol (5), together with lupeol (6), lupenone (7), β-sitosterol (8), and β-sitostenone (9). Their structures were established by the analysis of their spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) and spectrometric (MS) data, as well as by comparison with those reported in the literature. The isolated lignans were tested for their anticholinesterase (AChE: acetylcholine esterase and BChE: butyryl cholineesterase) and anti-inflammatory (COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2 and LOX: lipoxygenase) activities. All the isolated lignans (1 – 5) exhibited significant inhibition activities in AChE/BChE and COX-2/LOX assays with IC50 values ranging from 168.8 – 504.2 µM and 21.0 – 59.4 µM, respectively.
Acetylcholine ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Lignans

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Cell Line* ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Protein Kinases*

Atherosclerosis ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: Cyclooxygenase-2, the inducible isoform of prostaglandin H synthesis, has been implicated in the growth and progression of a various human cancer. Although COX-2 overexpression has been observed in humangliomas, the prognostic or clinical relevance of this overexpression has rarely been investigated to date. METHODS: We examined COX-2 expression by immunohistochemistry in tumor specimens from 25 patients with low- and high grade astrocytomas and correlated the grade of COX-2 expression with patients survival. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining results were as follows: negative staining, N=4(16%), positive staining, N=21(84%). Results of low grade astrocytoma(N=10) were as follows: negative staining, N=3(30%), weak positivestaining, N=7(70%). Anaplastic astrocytomas(N=4) as follows: negative staining, N=1(25%), weak positivestaining, N=3(75%). Glioblastomas(N=11) as follows: negative staining, N=0(0%), weak positive staining, N=5(45%), strong positive staining, N=6(55%). As a group, tumors with higher rate of cell proliferation tended to have increased expression of COX-2. The percentage of COX-2 expression were associated with a worse survival rate(p=0.0028), and the grade of astrocytic tumors(p=0.001). These findings indicate that high COX-2 expression in tumor cell is associated with clinically more aggressive gliomas, and is a strong predictor of poor survival. CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence that COX-2 is up-regulated in the majority of high-grade gliomas and that increased COX-2 expression is a significant negative predictor of survival and selective COX-2 inhibitors may have a potential role as an adjuvant therapy of astrocytic tumors.
Astrocytoma ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Glioma ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Negative Staining ; Prognosis*

PURPOSE: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is up-regulated in several types of human cancers and it has been suggested that COX-2 is closely inked to carcinogenesis. The objectives of this study were to investigate COX-2 expression in periampullary cancer and to evaluate the association of the clinicopathological factors with its expression. METHODS: Thirty specimens which were resected from patients with periampullary cancers (13 pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 8 common bile duct cancers, 9 ampulla of vater cancers) were investigated by immunohistochemical staining using Anti COX-2 monoclonal Ab. The 30 specimens were divided into stain-positive and stain-negative groups. The correlation between COX-2 expression and the various clinicopathological factors including the tumor size, nodal metastasis, differentiation, perineural and vascular invasion, were studied. RESULTS: COX-2 was expressed in 69% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 100% of common bile duct cancers and 78% of ampulla of vater cancers. However there was no significant correlation between COX-2 expression and the clinicopathological factors. CONCLUSION: COX-2 is highly expressed in periampullary cancer. Even though there was no correlation with the clinicopathological factors, the utility of the COX-2 inhibitors in preventing or treating periampullary cancer remains undetermined but warronts further investigation.
Adenocarcinoma ; Ampulla of Vater ; Carcinogenesis ; Common Bile Duct ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Humans ; Ink ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is over-expressed in prostate cancer (PCa) and involved in its development and progression by facilitating inflammatory response, reducing cell apoptosis, increasing angiogenesis and damaging DNA oxidation. Selective Cox-2 inhibitors suppress PCa growth through various channels and therefore have a promising application value in the management of prostate cancer.
Apoptosis ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism