OBJECTIVE: To determine the bonding strength of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (Dermabond) compared with N-Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl) and nylon 10-0 (Alcon,) in sealing experimentally induced corneal perforations in cadaver porcine eyes. METHODS: This is a single-blind, randomized, physical experimental study involving 78 freshly enucleated porcine eyes in which perforations of 3.0 and 5.1 mm were made in the cornea and randomly sealed with either interrupted nylon 10-0 (n=13), Dermabond (n=13), or Histoacryl (n=13). Intraocular pressures were raised by injecting normal saline into the anterior chamber and postsealing leaking pressures were measured using a precalibrated manometer attached to the anterior chamber maintainer. Fishers Exact Test was used to determine the difference in proportion of eyes that leaked, and Wilcoxon signed ranked test to compare the mean leaking pressures. RESULTS: In the 3.0 mm group, the proportion of eyes that leaked in Dermabond (2/13, 15.4 percent) and Histoacryl (1/13, 7.7 percent) were comparable (p=1.00). Proportion of leak in nylon 10-0 (13/13, 100 percent) was significantly higher (p0.001). Mean leaking pressures of Dermabond (79.5 mm Hg) and Histoacryl (88.0 mm Hg) were higher compared with that of nylon 10-0 (61.44 mm Hg) (p 0.05). In the 5.1 mm group, proportion of eyes that leaked in Dermabond (4/13, 30.8 percent) and Histoacryl (2/13, 15.4 percent) were comparable (p=0.07 AND P=0.10). CONCLUSION: The bonding strengths of Dermabond and Histoacryl are comparable and greater than that of nylon 10-0. Both are effective for 3.0 mm and 5.1 mm corneal perforations.
Animal ; CYANOACRYLATES ; ENBUCRILATE ; CORNEAL PERFORATION

To develop a better clinical application of the epikeratoprosthesis it is important to find the suitablesize of the artificial corneal epithelium, the way of the application of adhesive and the way of complete removal of the epithelium. The authors have an animal experiment basing on above various factors using isobutyl cyanoacrylate as an adhesive and methyl methacrylate as a material of the artificial corneal epithelium. Also we have successfuly performed epikeratoprosthesis operations in five cases of severe bullous keratitis patients. In the animal experimental group, Group 2(isobutyl cyanoacrylate was painted 2 mm broad along the periphery of the lens) showed markedly less extrusion of the artificial corneal epithelium than that of the Group 1 (adhesive was painted 1 mm broad). However, earlier appearance and more frequent incidence of the neovascularization of the cornea were noted in Group 2. On the other hand the result of the clinical 5 cases of the bullous keratitis was excelIent and there was no complications such as extrusion, infection and marked neovassularization for to 9 months, postoperative observation. On the basis of the data obtained from the series of clinical and experimental studies, it was revealed that the epikeratoprosthesis (artificial corneal epithelium) was effective to control the various diseased conditions of the corneal epithelium without significant complication.
Adhesives ; Animal Experimentation ; Bucrylate ; Cornea ; Cyanoacrylates ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratitis ; Paint

To evaluate the availability of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate as an adhesive in limbal wound repair, we used 15 rabbits(30 eyes). A limbal incision exactly 9mm long was made and the wound of one eye was tightly closed with seven equally apaced corneoscleral sutures of 10-0 nylon(nylon group), The wound of the other eye was closed by two(6.5mm spaced, 11 and 1 o'clock) corneoscleral sutures of 8-0 vicryl and the outer surface of this limbal wound was thinly coated with a small amount of Histoacryl(Histo-acryl group). The average disrupting pressure in nylon group was 0.87 +/- 0.11 kg/cm2 and that in Histoacryl group was 0.79 +/- 0.17 kg/cm2. The average refractive change in nylon group was 2.5 diopter with-the-rule astigmatism, and that in Histoacryl group was 0.9 diopter against-the-rule astigmatism. A moderate inflammatory reaction was noted at the histopathologic findings of the wounds closed with Histoacryl 14 days after operation. From the results, post-operative inflammatory changes indicated that the Histoacryl seemed to be rather unsuitable for clinical application.
Adhesives* ; Astigmatism ; Cyanoacrylates* ; Enbucrilate ; Nylons ; Polyglactin 910* ; Rabbits* ; Sutures ; Wounds and Injuries*

Strabimus surgeries using n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and 6-0 vicryl suture material were performed in 16 albino rabbits. Both eyes of 16 rabbits were used. The superior and inferior rectus muscles were recessed and resected 5 mm. In 12 rabbits, n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate was used and those rabbits were divided into 3 groups, each group(4 rabbits, 8 eyes) was sacrificed 1, 2, and 3 weeks after operation respectively. The eyes were enucle ated to examine the tensile strength and pathologic findings of the attached area. In 4 rabbits, 6-0 vicryl suture material was used a control group in this study. This group was sacrificed and examined 3 weeks following the operation. In the cyanoacrylate groups, there were statistically significant differences and a chrono-logically increasing thendency of tensile strength between groups. Between the cyanoacrylate and the suture material group at 3 weeks post operation, there was no statistically significant difference in the tensile strength. Pathologically, extraocular muscle bundles revealed patchy areas of interstitial inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in the cyanoacrylate groups. Capillary telangiectasia and muscle fiber regeneration were commonly observed. The findings in specimens 3 weeks after operation revealed rather mild changes, suggesting healed lesions. In the suture material group, mild inflammatory reactions were found.
Capillaries ; Cyanoacrylates ; Enbucrilate ; Fibrosis ; Muscles ; Polyglactin 910 ; Rabbits ; Regeneration ; Strabismus* ; Sutures ; Telangiectasis ; Tensile Strength

Treatment modalities of gastric variceal bleeding are endoscopic injection sclerotherapy, endoscopic variceal ligation, combined above two method, operation, TIPS, and percutaneous transhepatic embolization. Recently, Histoacryl was introduced as a new sclerosant of acute variceal bleeding failed by others. So, we studied 18 cases of acute gastric variceal bleeding uncontrolled by EIS using Ethanolamine oleate. Intravariceal injection of Histoacryl is considered as a safe and effective method for hemostasis of intractable acute gastric variceal bleeding uncontrolled by other sclerosants. But, it is important that endoscopist should be in harmony with assistant at injection of Histoacryl. And its shooting speed should be fast because of clogging within the catheter. It is necessary to do long term study for evaluation of eradication effect in acute gastric variceal bleeding.
Catheters ; Cyanoacrylates ; Enbucrilate ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Ethanolamine* ; Hemostasis ; Ligation ; Oleic Acid* ; Sclerosing Solutions ; Sclerotherapy*

PURPOSE: A soft texture of the pancreas is one of the most important predisposing factors for a pancreatic fistula. Thus, in a porcine model, we investigated a method to harden the pancreas locally by directly injecting an artificial material. METHODS: During the laparotomy, 51 samples from 17 pigs, including 13 survival models, were randomly divided into 3 groups and either received a direct injection into the pancreas of MHL (1:4 mixture of histoacryl [n-butyl cyanoacrylate] and lipiodol) (group E) or saline (group C) or only received a pinprick into the pancreas without injecting a substance (sham). We measured the change in the pancreatic hardness after the injection using a durometer and examined the histological change of the pancreas using the fibrosis grade in the survival model. RESULTS: The postinjection hardness of the pancreas was significantly increased in group E compared to group C and the sham group (P < 0.001). Pathologically, all cases in group E showed a severe fibrotic change, whereas the other groups demonstrated mild to no fibrosis (P < 0.001). The fibrosis in group E was localized to the area of the injection, while the surrounding areas were preserved. CONCLUSION: The direct injection of MHL could induce focal hardening and fibrotic changes in the pancreas of the porcine model.
Causality ; Cyanoacrylates* ; Enbucrilate ; Ethiodized Oil* ; Fibrosis ; Hardness ; Laparotomy ; Methods ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Fistula ; Swine

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL) is a method to manage esophageal varices bleeding and induces mechanical ligation and strangulation of varices by using elastic O-rings. The lower complication rate seen with EVL compared to sclerotherapy can be explained by the more limited degree of local tissue injury induced by EVL. Only the mucosal and submucosal layers are aspirated into cylinder attachment of the ligating devices, thus limiting injury to these layers. But, sometimes band induced ulcer shows massive bleeding. In these cases, endoscopic therapy is very difficult. This study was performed in order to find out the effectiveness of Histoacryl ingection for band-induced esophageal ulcer bleeding, METHODS: We tried to control band-induced bleeding by injecting Histoacryl in 8 cases of band-induced ulcer bleeding. RESULTS: This therapeutic trials show exellent control of bleeding in all cases without rebleeding. CONCLUSIONS: The cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive Histoacryl(N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) is a remarkable substance that transforms from its original liquid state into a solid state when mixed with a physiologic medium such as blood. Histoacryl undergoes an instantaneous polymerization reaction and hardens, thereby plugging the varix or bleeding vessel lumen. Rapid hemostasis of an active bleeding occurs and rebleeding of the treated lesion is prevented. We found out that Histoacryl injection is a safe and effective treatment for band-induced ulcer bleeding.
Cyanoacrylates ; Enbucrilate* ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Esophagus* ; Hemorrhage* ; Hemostasis ; Intestines* ; Ligation ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Sclerotherapy ; Stomach* ; Tissue Adhesives ; Ulcer* ; Varicose Veins

Transcatheter arterial embolization using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for gastrointestinal arterial bleeding enables higher cessation rate and lower recurrent bleeding rate compared with conventional embolic materials including gelatin sponge, metallic coil, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particle. Glue embolization is particularly effective in patients with coagulopathy. Even in the lower gastrointestinal tract, ischemic bowel complications by glue embolization are comparable to other agents. Glue embolization is also effective for arterial esophageal bleeding without any serious ischemic complications although the anatomy of the esophageal artery is complex and varied. For bleeding after abdominal surgery such as pancreaticoduodenectomy or hepatic lobectomy, interventional radiologists should be careful with indicating glue embolization because the presence of fewer collateral vessels can easily result in serious ischemic complications. Modified glue such as Glubran 2 (NBCA associated with methacryloxyfulfolane) can reduce the risk of ischemic complication due to its less thermal reaction, but the outcomes seem unsatisfactory.
Adhesives ; Arteries ; Cyanoacrylates ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Enbucrilate ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Gelatin ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ; Pancreaticoduodenectomy ; Polyvinyl Alcohol ; Porifera

No abstract available.
Adhesives* ; Cyanoacrylates* ; Fracture Fixation*

A 52-year-old male with right carotid body tumor underwent direct percutaneous glue (n-butylcyanoacrylate [NBCA]) embolization. Several hours later, he developed left hemiparesis from embolization of the polymerized glue cast. Migration of glue during percutaneous tumor embolization is presumed to occur only in the liquid state, which may lead to stroke or cranial nerve deficits. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of delayed glue embolization from a treated hypervascular tumor of the head and neck.
Carotid Body Tumor/blood supply/*therapy ; Cyanoacrylates/administration & dosage/*adverse effects ; Embolization, Therapeutic/*methods ; Enbucrilate ; Foreign-Body Migration/*complications ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stroke/*etiology