Objective To explore the clinical significance of combination detection of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) for the diagnosis,effect evaluation,monitoring and prognosis in cervical carcinoma.Methods Four hundred and twenty-four cases of cervical carcinoma patients diagnosed by pathology and 400 binign gynaecology patients were selected to detect levels of SCC-Ag and CEA by ELISA.Besides,the pelvic color ultrasound results of cervical carcinoma patients were collected and analyzed.Results The positive rates of serum SCC-Ag,CEA and combined detection of cervical carcinoma patients were 55.9 ％(237/424),26.4 ％(112/424),61.8 ％(262/424),which were higher than those of binign gynaecology patients [12.0 ％(48/400),12.5 ％(50/400),14.5 ％(58/400)],and the differences were statistical significance (all P＜ 0.05).The sensitivity of combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA for diagnosing cervical carcinoma (61.8 ％) was better than that of detection of alone SCC-Ag or CEA (55.9 ％,26.4 ％),and the difference was statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The differences of pretreatment serum SCC-Ag and CEA levels in the cervical carcinoma patients who were dependent on clinical stage,pathological type,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA in patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ had higher positive rates [45.5 ％ (71/156),73.2 ％(139/190)] than those of the ultrasound examination [33.3 ％(52/156),51.1％(97/150)] (P＜ 0.05).After surgery or concurrent chemoradiotherapy or surgery combined radiation and chemotherapy,SCCAg levels of patients in post-treatment (median 0.34,0.51,0.33 ng/ml) were much lower than those of pretreatment (median 0.48,3.44,1.29 ng/ml),and CEA levels of post-treatment (median 0.75,0.81,0.71 ng/ml)were also lower than those of pre-treatment (median 1.22,1.53,1.50 ng/ml) (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,cervical cancer patients with the raised or not decreased to the normal range levels of SCC-Ag and CEA had recurrences or metastasis rates of 33.3 ％(6/18),56.5 ％(13/23) and 46.1％(35/76).Survival rate of the patients with positive SCC-Ag was significantly lower than that of patients with negative (P ＜ 0.05),while the survival rate of patients with positive or negative CEA had no difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA can be used as an important indicator to estimate clinical stage,pathological type,depth of invasion,lymph node metastasis,curative effect and prognosis of cervical carcinoma.Combined detection of SCC-Ag and CEA had higher positive rates than pelvic color ultrasound examination for cervical carcinoma patients in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and its receptors may be the pivotal stimulants in the process of growth and metastasis of a neoplasm. They boost the genesis of the blood vessels of brain glioma. Their expression is correlated with the grading of glioma. They are ideal targets in the treatment of inhibiting the growth of the blood vessels of brain glioma.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum insulin,lipid expression substances and breast cancer.Methods From January to August 2002,blood samples were collected from 90 patients with breast cancer,40 patients with breast benign disease and 100 healthy control subjects in Shanxi Province People Hospital.Serum insulin was measured by ELISA,serum leptin was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and serum lipid substances were measured by Biochemistry Auto-machine.Results The serum insulin,leptin and TG concentration were significantly higher,but the HDL level was significantly lower in breast cancer group than in the groups of breast benign disease and healthy control(P＜0.01,respectively);There was no statistically significant difference between postmenopausal and premenopausal women in patients with breast cancer and breast benign disease(P＞0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in serum insulin level between positive lymph node breast cancer and negative lymph node breast cancer(P=0.642);The relative risk (RR) of serum insulin level and body mass index(BMI) in breast cancer group was 0.164(P＞0.05).The increased serum insulin level was independent of diet and other known risk factors for breast cancer;Multiple logistic regression analyses observed a statistically significant association between serum insulin,leptin,TG and HDL levels and breast cancer,OR=1.120(95% CI:1.017～1.209),1.117(95% CI:1.046～1.193),OR=1.879(95% CI:1.148～3.076),OR=0.035 (95% CI:0.007～0.162),respectively.Conclusion The increased serum insulin,leptin and TG levels may be the risk factors of breast cancer.The increased serum HDL level maybe the protective factor of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the application value of human papillomavirus (HPV) combined with thinprep cytology test (TCT) detection in screening of cervical cancer. Methods 276 patients were enrolled to have HPV and TCT tests at Department of Gynecology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January to December in 2014. Pathological examine was applied to the patients with abnormal results of HPV and TCT. The diagnostic value of HPV, TCT and their combinations was evaluated by the diagnostic sensitivity and the rate of coincidence with the pathological examine results. Results The sensitivity of HPV and its coincidence with the pathological examine results were 81.52 % (225/276) and 79.56 % (179/225), respectively, while those of TCT were 87.68%(242/276) and 76.86%(186/242), respectively. The coincidence rate between the combination method and the pathological examination was higher (94.71%, 197/208) than the individual test. Conclusion HPV combined with TCT detection can reduce the misdiagnosis rate and improve the diagnostic accuracy rate, indicating that this method is of great value in the cervical cancer screening.

Leptin is a kind of energy-modulation hormone expressed by fat tissue. Its receptor has a wide distributing in human body which affects much physiological systems and metabolize access. With the further researches to leptin, its function is not localized fatness and thinness. Leptin is closely associated with the function of gastric mucosa. It attends the pathophysiological course of gastric cancer and gastric -related disease.

Objective To study the variety and significance of immune function in lung cancer patients.Methods 68 pretherapy lung cancer patients and 20 healthy volunteers with peripheral blood samples by flow cytometry.Results The proportion of CD+3T cells,CD+4T cells and the ratio of CD4/CD8 decreased in lung cancer patients,while the proportion of CD+8T cells and natural killer cells increased.Serum levels of TNF-α,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10 were significantly increased in patients compared with healthy controls,while the ratio of Th1/Th2 was decreased.(2)The natural killer cells level was negatively correlated with the CD3,CD4,CD8 levels respectively.The CD4 level was negatively correlated with the levels of IL-6,IL-10 respectively.(3)No statistically significant relationship was found between the peripheral blood lymphocyte,Th1-Th2 cytokines and pathological type,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis.Conclusion Immune suppression was very common in lung cancer patients,particularly cell mediated immunity suppressed markedly.The proportion and function of CD+4T cells decreased significantly.which may resulted from the Th1,Th2 imbalance.Natural killer cells and CD+8T cells increased significantly,but could not prevent tumor development,which may resulted from these factors that suppress immune response in tumor microenvironment.

ObjectiveTo study the value of serum phosphopyruvate hydratase PH protein for the diagnosis of cerebral injuries in patients with brain malignant tumor.MethodsSerum PH protein levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 56 patients with brain malignant tumor. Compare the differences among the status of cerebral injuries.And compare the differences among the patients with general with different radiotherapy methods 32 cases,three dimensional conformal radiothrapy 24 cases,and different peritumoral brain edema levels(cmild 18 cases, moderate ao cases severe 30 cases). Results Before radiotherapy the levels of serum PH protein in patients and the health control were (4.12±0.56),(4.66±0.62)μg/L,no significant differece(P＞0.05).And there was also no significant difference between the before and after radiotherapy for the cerebroma,the levels were(7.84±0.72) μg/L,(t=3.89,P=0.001 ).The PH levels of general radiation therapy and three dimensional comformal radiotherapy were (13.59±0.92),(6.14±0.52)μg/L.There was cignificant difference(P=0.002) After radiotherapy,The levels of serum PH protein of the different dropsical degree,mild,moderate and severe were(4.47:±0.55),(6.17±0.62),(15.21±0.86) μg/L, respectively,showing significant difference(F=15.61,P=0.0001).The therapies influenced the serum PH levels(P＜0.05)ConclusionHigh levels of serum PH protein are associated with severe cerebral injuries in brain malignant tumor.So high serum PH level may serve as an progressive predictor of the injury.

Objective To investigate midkine (MK) level in serum of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) before and after operation,detect the expression of MK protein in tissues and analyze its relationship with the malignant biological behavior of ESCC.Methods The MK levels in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 30 healthy cases and 55 patients with ESCC when the day before operation and the tenth-day after operation.Then the expression of MK protein in 55 patients surgically removed ESCC were detected by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies against human MK.Results The average optical density of MK in serum of ESCC patients before operation was 0.1006±0.0624,0.0455±0.0155 in normal control group,0.0752±0.0267 in postoperative control group (t =6.203,P ＜ 0.001).The MK levels in serum of ESCC patients before operation were significantly higher than those after operation (t =4.357,P ＜ 0.001) and those in healthy controls (P ＜ 0.05).The expression of MK protein was no statistically significant correlation with tumor size (x2 =0.131),TNM stage (x2 =0.315) and lymph node metastasis (x2 =0.282) in ESCC (all P ＞ 0.05).But significant correlation was noted between the expression of MK protein and the vasculature involving of the cutting edge (x2 =4.223),degree of cellular differentiation (x2 =10.326),invasive extent of the carcinoma (x2 =20.556) (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion MK is overexpressed in ESCC patient' s serum and tissue.The high level of preoperative serum MK is caused by the tumor.

Objective To evaluate the changes and clinical significance of the serum level of homocysteine (Hcy) in esophageal cancer patients before and after surgery.Methods The serum Hcy concentrations of 168 patients with esophageal cancer and 50 healthy individuals were measured by enzymatic cycling.Results Total Hcy levels were significantly raised in patients group when compared with the levels in control group [(19.6±6.1) μmol/L vs (13.0±2.3) μmol/L,P =0.001].Hcy levels were significantly lower in postoperativepatients groups compared with preoperativegroup [(17.0±8.5),(15.8±6.4),(12.8±5.6) μmol/L vs (20.6±9.1) μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.05].Also,Hcy levels in patients with esophageal cancer were significantly higher than in the tumor length＞ 5cm group and the ＜3 cm,3-5 cm group [(23.6±9.6) μmol/L vs (18.1±6.3),(19.6±6.6) μmol/L,P =0.036,P =0.021].Compared with other T stage groups,significantly higher level of Hcy was found in T4 stage group [(29.5±1.7) μmol/L vs (18.5±6.9),(18.8±8.0),(20.6±8.8) μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.001].There was no significant difference between the mean Hcy concentrations of the node-positive and nodenegative group [(20.2±9.3) μmol/L vs (20.3±7.6) μmol/L,P =0.897].Compared with negative lymphaugial tumor-cells thrombus group,positive group had low Hcy level [(16.7±3.4) μmol/L vs (21.1±8.9) μmol/L,P =0.007].Conclusion These results showed that serum Hcy levels play important roles in the development of esophageal cancer.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of combined examination of homocysteine (Hcy) and CEA for male patients with gastric cardia cancer.Methods Serum concentration of Hcy,CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242 and TPS in 54 male patients with gastric cardia cancer and in 30 healthy men were measured.The diagnostic efficacy was analyzed between the combination of Hcy,CEA and the combination of Hcy,CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242,TPS.Results Total Hcy,CEA levels were significantly increased in patients group compared with control group ((20.3±9.2) μmol/L vs (13.7±3.1) μmol/L,(7.8±3.5) μg/L vs (1.6±1.2) μg/L,P ＜ 0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the combination of CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242 and TPS were 73.6 ％,64.5 ％ and 70.2 ％ respectively,while those of the combination of Hcy,CEA were 92.5 ％,64.5 ％ and 82.1％,respectively.There was significant difference between the combination of Hcy,CEA and the combination of CEA,CA199,CA724,CA242 and TPS (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Combined detection of Hcy and CEA is helpful for diagnosis in male patients with gastric cardia cancer.