Objective To study the clinical effect of cohesive elastic bandage (CEB) after operative treatment of ankle fractures. Methods After surgery, 60 patients with ankle fracture were randomly as-signed to 2 even groups: CEB dressing group and common dressing group. Functional exercise started the next day after operation. Comparison was made between the 2 groups in drainage, displacement and swelling. Results In CEB dressing group, the volume of drainage was (34.6±18.1) mL, the rate of displacement 6.7%, and the swelling was slight in 21 patients, moderate in 5 and severe in 4. In common dressing group, the volume of drainage was (85.1±17.1) mL, the rate of displacement was 63.3%, and the swelling was slight in 7 patients, moderate in 12 and severe in 11. The differences were significance(P<0.05) . Conclusion Use of CEB after surgery for ankle fractures may alleviate swelling, reduce bleeding effectively, and benefit early functional exercise.

Progress in the metacarpophalangealgeal joint implantation has drawn increasing attention to its role in treatment of chronic arthritis of the hand. This paper summarizes the biomechanic research and devolvement of the prosthesis, preoperative evaluation and plan for metacarpophalangealgeal joint implantation and the clinical results of different designs of the MCP prosthetic joint in the past decade. With improvement of prosthesis designs and operative technology, the MCP implantation will play a better role in clinical treatment of chronic arthritis of the hand, such as relief of pain, rectification of abnormality and functional recovery of the hand.

The nutritional and food hygienic character of the new developed soy protein concentrate and soy protein isolate in Heilongjiang province were studied by chemical analysis and rat experiment. These products have not yet been reported in China. The results indicated that the content of protein of soy protein concentrate and isolate was 69.76 and 83.11%(as anhydr-ate basic), the PER 2.00 and 1.34, the apparent digestibility 77.54 and 85.72%, the true digestibility 84.33 and 93.19%, the biological value 79.80 and 62.54%, the NPU 67.39 and 58.28% respectively.The essential amino acid composition of the two samples was the same as the products prepared in the other countries. By the hematological and pathological examination in rats, the contents of serveral harmful substan- ces were allowable or not detected. The authors belived that the nutritional quality of the two soy protein products was nearly the same as those in other countries, and its food safety was satisfactory.

Objective To reports to anatomy and clinical application of the medialis pedis perforator flap. Methods The origin, course, distribution and out diameter of medial plantar perforators, which were located at the septums between the abductor hallucis muscle and the flexor digitorum brevis, and between the abductor hallucis muscle and the skeleton, were observed on 10 sides adult feet specimens perfused with red latex. 11 free medialis pedis perforator flaps were transferred for soft-tissue defect in hand. The areas of tissue defect ranged from 2 cm x 2 cm - 9 cmx 4 cm. Results The medial plantar artery sends 2 perforators with regular anatomy through the septum between the abductor hallucis muscle and the flexor digitomm bre-vis, and 2 perforators with regular anatomy through the septum between the abductor hallucis muscle and nav-icluar bone and the medial cuneiform bone. These perforators supply the medial plantar flap and medialis pedis flap respectively. All of the 11 cases of free medialis pedis perforator flap survived uneventfully. The flap areas ranged from 2 cm × 3 cm - 11 cm× 5 cm. The appearance and functional results were satisfactory with following up for 6 to 24 months. Conclusion The free medialis pedis perforator flap is a good method in repairing soft-tissue defect in hand.

Objective To evaluate the hinged external flxator in combination with internal fixation for treatment of old type B fractures of the distal humerus.Methods Eleven cases of old type B fractures of distal humerus treated in our department were studied retrospectively.They were treated with hinged external fixators in combination with internal fixation and evaluated according to Mayo elbow performance scores.Results All the patients were followed up for 10 to 18(mean, 12.5)months.The mean union time was 4.6(range, 3.5 to 6.0)months.The final range of flexion to extension of the elbow was 19.4°±6.5° to 124.2°±11.3°.The final ranges of pronation and supination were 72.8°±5.4° and 67.6°± 7.3°.By Mayo elbow performance scores, the post-operative functional outcome of the elbow was excellent in 5 patients, good in 4, and fair in 2.Conclusion The old type B fractures of distal humerus can be effectively treated with hinged external fixators in combination with internal fixation, for early rehabilitation and restoration of the elbow function can be facilitated.

Objective To explore the possibility and effectiveness of minimally invasive osteotomy and cable osteosynthesis for the treatment of adolescent eubitus varus. Methods Eleven cases of adolescent cubitus varns(2 cases complicated with internal rotation of 10°)were treated with minimally invasive supracondylar wedged osteotomy to preserve the integrity of the contralateral codex and periosteum.Two screws were inserted above and below the fracture line.They were fixed with cable after the greenstick fracture and internal rotation were adjusted.Plastic bandage was applied for 1 week postoperatively before rehabilitation. Results Bone fractures healed in the 11 cases in 36.3 days averagely,without infection or nerve palsy.Before operation,the mean angles of varus,flexion and extension were 35°±5°,125°±10°and 10°±5°respectively.After a mean follow-up of 33.5 months,the mean valgus angle of the elbow was improved to 8°±2°(t=16.632,P<0.05),flexion to 130°±8°and extension to 8°±3°(P>0.05).Internal rotation deformity was also ameliorated in the 2 cases. Conclusion It is practical and effective to treat adolescent eubitus varus with minimally invasive osteotomy and cable osteosynthesis,for it can lead to stable fixation,short healing time,and does not affect the flexion and extension of the elbow joint.

BACKGROUND: The articular surface of interphalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint is destroyed or defected, that would remain serious sequela in many patients and affect patient's routine work and living. Therefore, therapeutic efficacy of finger joint damage determines the functional recovery of hands. Tissue engineering provides a novel pathway for finger joint damage. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress on the repair and reconstruction of finger joint damage. RETRIEVAL STRATEGY: The researcher of this article used the computer to retrieve literatures of Pubmed database with docuterms of "Interphalangeal joints fractures, Metacarpophalangeal joints fractures, Finger osteoarticular, Reconstruct", and the language was defined to English. Meanwhile China Academic Journals Full-Text Database from 2000 to 2007 was also retrieved with docuterms of "Interphalangeal joints, Metacarpophalangeal joints, Fractures, Repair and reconstruct", and the language was defined to Chinese. Totally 106 correlated articles were screened out and the data were firstly checked. Inclusion standard: ①closely correlated to the repair and reconstruction of finger joint damage; ②those published in the near future or authorized journal in the same field were preferred. Exclusion standard: repetitive investigation. LITERATURE EVALUATION: The resource of literatures was the clinic empirical studies of the repair and reconstruction of finger joint damage. Among 32 included articles, 3 of them were reviews and the others were clinic or empirical studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: The homogeneity variant bone-joint transplantation has got some successes in clinic, but how to prolong the survival time of transplanting joints would be a new research topic. Autoallergic joint transplantation is a good method to treat the defects of finger joints, but how to make handling conveniently, diminish secondary damage and search new donor site, all deserve to research. The ideal therapeutic efficacy of the finger joint damage is anatomical reset of the joint profile, that can reduce traumatic arthritis and anchylosis at the minimal level. But it is still a tough problem in the fingers joint's repairs, because of the multiple structure of bone-joint in hands and trauma factors. Open reduction and internal fixation, skeletal traction, arthroplasty, fusion of joint, prosthetic replacement of joint, articular transplantation and bone-joint tissue engineering have all obtained success, but none can fully succeed or be generally adopted. CONCLUSION: There are many treatments of the finger joint damage, but their results are not very well. With the research of homogeneity variant bone-joint transplantation, autoallergic joint transplantation and tissue engineering development, bone-joint transplantation will have a wide prospect in treatment of finger joints damage.

Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is mainly manifested as perforation of temporomandibular joint disc (TMJD) and destruction of condylar osteochondral complex (COCC). In recent years, tissue engineering technology has become one of the effective strategies in repairing this damage. With the development of scaffold material technology, composite scaffolds have become an important means to optimize the performance of scaffolds with the combined advantages of natural materials and synthetic materials. The gelling method with the minimally invasive concept can greatly solve the problems of surgical trauma and material anastomosis, which is beneficial to the clinical transformation of temporomandibular joint tissue engineering. Extracellular matrix scaffolds technology can solve the problem of scaffold source and maximize the simulation of the extracellular environment, which provides an important means for the transformation of temporo joint tissue engineering to animal level. Due to the limitation of the source and amplification of costal chondrocytes, the use of mesenchymal stem cells from different sources has been widely used for temporomandibular joint tissue engineering. The fibrochondral stem cells isolated from surface layer of articular cartilage may provide one more suitable cell source. Transforming growth factor β superfamily, due to its osteochondrogenesis activity has been widely used in tissue engineering, and platelet-rich derivative as a convenient preparation of compound biological factor, gradually get used in temporomandibular joint tissue engineering. With the deepening of research on extracellular microenvironment and mechanical stimulation, mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes and stress stimulation are increasingly being used to regulate the extracellular microenvironment. In the future, the combination of complex bioactive factors and certain stress stimulation may become a trend in the temporomandibular joint tissue engineering research. In this article, the progress on tissue engineering in repairing COCC and TMJD, especially in scaffold materials, seed cells and bioactive factors, are reviewed, so as to provide information for future research design and clinical intervention.
Animals ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Temporomandibular Joint/surgery* ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc/surgery* ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds

Objective To explore the role of compound nerve conduit, made of nerve growth factors (NGF) encapsuled by biodegradable core-shell nanofibers through coaxial electrospinning, in regeneration of injured sciatic nerves in rats. Methods The compound nerve conduits were developed from the core-shell structured biodegradable nanofibers with P(LLA-CL) as a shell and BSA/NGF or BSA as a core through coaxial electrospinning. Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 even groups. The middle segments (10 mm) of the sciatic nerve were excised and the defects were repaired with sciatic nerve autograft (group A), with P(LLA-CL) conduit (group B), with PLLA-CL conduit and one injection of NGF (group C), and with P(LLA-CL)/NGF controlled-release conduit (group D), respectively. Morphologic and functional evaluations of nerve regeneration were done by gross observation, sciatic function index, neural electrophysiological examination, resumption rates of triceps weight, histological and ultrastructural observa-tion respectively in 1, 2, 3 months after the operation. Results Three months after the operation, although partial biodegradation and small cracks could be observed, conduits remained intact in outline. Based on the functional and histological observations, nerve regeneration, nerve fibers arrangement, myelination and nerve function reconstruction in the P(LLA-CL)/NGF controlled-release conduit (group D) were similar to those in nerve autograft (group A) and significantly superior to those in groups B and C (P<0.05). Conclusion As the P(LLA-CL)/NGF-controlled release conduit has favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility, it can effectively promote regeneration of the sciatic nerve in rats.

0.01). CONCLUSION: The 5th CMC joint of the hamatum can be considered to be a new and well joint donor site, and it can be used to repair and reconstruct the base joints of the proximal phalanx.