Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; drug therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; metabolism

Objective To analysis and determine the possibility of the Citellus undulatus infected with Yersinia pestis surviving the winter in an experimental study, and to provide scientific experimental basis for the study on the mechanism of Yersinia pestis preservation. Method In 2006,09 to 2007,04 and 2007,09 to 2008,04 in Xinjiang Wusu-Gurtu natural foci of plague, under natural conditions, the over the winter process of Citellus undulatus carrying the plague bacteria was simulated, and 178 Citellus undulatus were infected with Yersinia pestis (1×107 Bacteria/mouse) using artificial injection method. One hundred seventy-eight Citellus undulatus infected with Yersinia pestis were kept into a construction of the black (1-5 ℃) basement (2 meters under the ground) in the plague focus. In doing so, these Citellus undulatuses almost simultaneously stepped into hibernation. After waking up from hibernation in following year in April, the survived mice carrying the plague bacteria were observed. Results Sixty-eight mice survived among the 178 infected with Yersinia pestis after 6 months of hibernation (through October to the following year in April), and the remaining 110 were all dead without pulling through the hibernation period. The survival rate was 38.2% (68/178). The organ culture of Yersinia pestis of the 110 dead mice(Citellus undnlatus) were tested, 67 were negative(-), 43 positive(+), with a positive rate of 39.1%(43/110). Among the rats with positive plague bacteria, the congestive pulmonary edema and the pathological changes of the hemorrhagic inflammation of the heart, liver, spleen, kidney and injection site could be seen clearly; the plague-free mice were not found to have any pathological changes. The survived 68 mice over the winter were autopsied and observed after being fed up for 20 days. No any pathological changes were found among these mice, and culturing of Yersinia pestis of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs and the tissue of injection site of these mice were all negative (-). Conclusions Citellus undulatus can carry Yersinia pestis during hibernation, but some fail to carry the bacteria through the entire process of hibernation persistently. Yersinia pestis was negative in the survived mice at the end of hibernation. The results showed that Citellus undulatus can not carry Yersinia pestis over the winter.

Objective Summarizing single clinical experience with extracorpomreal membrane oxygenation(ECMO) as a supplement to extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation(ECPR) in adult patients with cardiac arrest to explore new ideas.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of 17 patients who underwent ECMO as part of ECPR from July 2005 to September 2014 at Fuwai Hospital,and analyzed the differences between the survival group(n =6) and the in-hospital death group.Results The mean CPR time was(44.53 ± 21.39) min.The support duration of ECMO was(106.38-± 70.43) h.12 patients of all were successfully weaned from ECMO,and 6 patients survived to hospital discharge.There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of the last serum creatinine and blood lactate acid level before ECMO,and the time to lactate normalization.11 patients died,7 patients developed bleeding,and 8 cases developed infection.Conclusion Single-center data showed that applying ECMO as a means of ECPR improved the survival rate in cardiac arrest patients.Additionally,creatinine and lactic acid were good indicators for assessing prognosis.Refractory circulatory dysfunction and neurologic complications have an adverse impact on the survival of cardiac arrest patients.

Background and purpose:The occurrence and development of lung cancer are closely correlated with the immune function in the human body.The patients with malignant tumors have shown a disorder of immune function,especially in terms of loss of cellular immune function.The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible auxiliary effect of sipulin in the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).methods: Ninety-three patients were randomly divided into two groups:sipulin group:sipulin plus docetaxel+cisplatin;control group:only administered docetaxel+cisplatin.The leukocyte,haemoglobin and platelet,toxicity of digestive tract,body weight,Karnofsky status and efficacy of those patients were evaluated before and after therapy,respectively.Results: Overall response rates were 46.67% and 30.23%(P=0.023)in sipulin group and control group,respectively.The median survival time was 10.1months versus 8.3 months(P=0.035)in sipulin group and control group,respectively.The 1-year survival rate for sipulin group and control group was 52.9% versus 39.4%(P=0.038),respectively.The clinical efficacy and the frequence of leukocyte reduction were better in sipulin group than in control group,the quality of life and clinical symptom of the patients in sipulin group were improved more significantly than those in control group (P

Objective To study the prognostic value of circumferential resection margin(CRM)status. Methods Specimens of 62 patients with rectal cancer,who underwent total mesorectal excision from December,2001 to June,2002,were examined using whole-mount sections.All patients were followed up for 4～60 months. Results Circumferential resection margin involvement(CRMI)was identified in 12 specimens.while only 4 of them were cancer positive in the resection margin.Analyzed by logistic regression test,the occurrence of CRMI was related to tumor differentiation [ P=0.015,Exp(B)=0.131]and lymph node metastases[P=0.013,Exp(B)=7.488 ],but not tumor distance to anal verge(P=0.246).The difference in local recurrence rate,overall recurrence rate,disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate between CRMI and that of CRM negative,were significant(P=0.002,0.000,0.000 and 0.003,respectively). Conclusions CRMI is an accurate prognostic factor of recurrence and postoperative survival,and its occurrence is mainly determined by biologic characteristics of the tumor.TME could decrease the incidence of CRMI.

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), consisting of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are characterized by idiopathic, chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The overall incidence of IBDs is constantly increasing in eastern countries. In comparison with the data from western nations, in China, the incidence of male IBDs is relatively higher, the onset age is older. The severity of most cases is mild to moderate. The occurrence of fistula and peri-anal involvement are rare. Although significant improvements of IBDs therapy have been achieved in recent years, there are still over 30% UC and 70% CD cases need at least one surgery throughout their life span. Here we review the literatures published in recent years about the surgical management of IBDs.
Colitis, Ulcerative ; surgery ; Crohn Disease ; surgery ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; surgery

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of DSA for massive hemorrhage in lower gastrointestinal tract resulting from tumour. Methods 24 patients with massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage were performed DSA and then operated as tumour. Results Among 24 patients, 17 cases demonstrated direct signs of hemorrhage, 9 cases visible turnout vessels; 24 patients all showed clumping tumour-specifie dyeing. Conclusion DSA is of great value to determining the location and qualitation of the massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage resuhing from tumours.

OBJECTIVETo explore the best program for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) of constipation type.

METHODSNinety-five cases of IBS were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A (n = 30) were treated by acupuncture combined with microorganism pharmaceutical preparations, group B (n = 35) by oral administration of medicine for loosening the bowel to relieve constipation plus microorganism pharmaceutical preparations, and group C (n = 30) by simple acupuncture.

RESULTSThe total effective rates were 90.0%, 77.2% and 66.7%, in the group A, B and C, respectively, with a very significant differences as the group A compared with those in the groups B, C (P < 0.01), and with no significant difference as the group B compared with that of the group C (P > 0. 05). The intestinal available bacteria, bilidobacteria and lactobacillus, increased and enteric bacilli decreased in varying degrees in the 3 groups.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture combined with microorganism pharmaceutical preparations has a better therapeutic effect on irritable bowel syndrome of constipation type.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Constipation ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; microbiology ; therapy ; Male ; Probiotics ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUNDBeta-catenin, a 92 kDa protein that binds to the cytoplasmic tail of E-cadherin, has an essential role in intercellular adhesion and signal transduction. Aberrant expression of beta-catenin has been associated with progression and metastasis of various human cancers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression pattern of beta-catenin in primary oral squamous cell carcinoma and examine the correlation between beta-catenin expression and tumor differentiation, histological grade and lymph node status as well as its clinical significances.

METHODSSeventy-six patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and sixteen metastatic lymph nodes were studied. The beta-catenin expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining. The correlation with clinical, histological data was analyzed statistically.

RESULTSNormal oral epithelium showed strong beta-catenin expression at the cell membrane, but no cytoplasmic or nuclear expression. Different degrees of reduced expression of beta-catenin at the cell membrane were found in 54 cases with squamous cell carcinoma (71%). Cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression was found in 17 tumors (22.4%). Three cases were found with nuclear beta-catenin expression. In sixteen lymph nodes with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma, negative beta-catenin expression at the cell membrane was seen in 13 tumors (81.2%) and weak expression in 3 tumors (18.8%). Statistical analysis showed that there was an inverse correlation between beta-catenin expression and lymph node status and histological grade of tumors.

CONCLUSIONSReduced beta-catenin expression at the cell membrane is clearly associated with lymph node metastasis. A reduced expression of beta-catenin may constitute a hallmark of aggressive biological behavior of squamous cell carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; chemistry ; Mouth Neoplasms ; chemistry ; pathology ; beta Catenin ; analysis

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptordelta (PPARdelta), as a downstream target of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) signaling pathway, has been presumed to play some roles in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, the exact role of PPARdelta in colorectal cancer remains unclear. An HIV-1-based lentivirus packaging system was used for the construction of a lentiviral vector (lentivector) mediating RNA interference against PPARB. The direct sequencing demonstrated that the resulting lentivector containing the short-hairpin RNA expression cassette specifically targeting PPARdelta (sh-PPARdelta) was successfully constructed, and designated as pLVshPPARdelta. The control vector was designated as pLVControl. After the transduction, we observed highly efficient transduction (> 90%) of lentivirus in KM12C cells by fluorescent microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that pLVshPPARdelta lentivirus reduced PPARdelta mRNA expression by about 70.0% in KM12C cells as compared with that of the untreated cells (P < 0.05), while pLVControl had no significant effect on the PPARdelta mRNA level (P > 0.05). Western blot revealed an obvious reduction of PPARdelta protein expression in pLVshPPARdelta treated cells and showed no obvious difference between the control group and the untreated group. The results demonstrated that the lentivector mediating RNAi against PPARdelta was successfully constructed, which could stably knock down the PPARdelta expression in KM12C cells. This study finally provided a new cell model for the study of PPARdelta's function in colorectal cancer.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Colonic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Humans ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; metabolism ; PPAR delta ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics