No abstract available.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders*

Capsuloligamentous injury at the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint is a common traumatic injury during physical activity, particularly on artificial turf. Mechanism of injury include excessive flexion, extension, or valgus stress. We report a non-operatively treated capsuloligamentous injury at the first MTP joint, which did not occur traumatically but developed by a stress-related mechanism in a collegiate rower.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Joints ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint* ; Motor Activity

The purpose of this study was to examine whether repetitive muscle tasks in low weight load might influence the fatigue of forearm muscles, and to identify ergonomic risk factors of forearm muscle fatigue in these tasks. Sixteen healthy male volunteers performed eight wrist extensions in different frequency, weight and angle loads while being instructed to keep a dominant upper limb posture as constant as possible. Surface electromyograph (sEMG) was recorded from right extensors digitorium (ED), flexor carpi radialis (FCR), flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) and extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) during the task performance. Our results showed that mean power frequency (MPF) and median frequency (MF) values of ED, FCR and FCU were significantly lower (P<0.05) at high frequency load level than at low load level. However, MPF and MF values of ED were significantly lower (P<0.01) in higher load groups of frequency, angle and weight than in lower load groups. These results indicated that the fatigue of muscles varied in the same task, and the number-one risk factor of ECU, ED and FCR was angle load.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders/complications ; Cumulative Trauma Disorders/*physiopathology ; Electromyography ; Forearm/*physiology ; Muscle Fatigue/*physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/*physiopathology ; Young Adult

Medial epicondylitis, also known as “golfer's elbow,” is a common overuse syndrome of the elbow and predominantly affects the origin of the common flexor tendon. We report two unique cases of medial epicondylitis complicated by chronic complete tear of the ulnar collateral ligament and common flexor tendon origin. Physical examination showed a focal huge swelling of medial epicondylar region of the dominant elbow and magnetic resonance imaging revealed complete tear of the ulnar collateral ligament and common flexor tendon and extravasation of intra-articular effusion. Satisfactory results were achieved with ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction and simultaneous repair of the common flexor tendon origin.
Collateral Ligaments* ; Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Elbow* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Physical Examination ; Tears* ; Tendons

OBJECTS: Thls study was designed to assess muscle tensions while working at a YDT workstation with surface electromyography (SEMG). METHODS: Variables texted were desk height, monitor positon on the desk, distance from edge of the desk to the keyboard. Eleven female volunteers working in the tele-com munication company were seated at an ergonomically adjusted workstation. They were assigned to a task of typing for 5 minutes and were given a 10 minutes resting with hands in their lap. For the initial experiment, the desk height was fixed to standard desk height(65.0 cm) recommended by ANSI and latter adjusted to a higher desk height (72.8 cm) for this study such that the subjects experienced slight elevation of shoulders. The monitor position initially at the center on the desk and latter left site of the desk (45o from monitorneck axles). The keyboard was positioned to an optimal distance (15 cm from the desk edge) and an abnormal distance (30 cm). Five muscle groups (paraspinal muscles, upper trapezium muscle, supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus muscle, and rhomboid muscle) were selected for the study. The data of SEMG were analyzed by 2x2x2xs mixed factorial design. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1. SEMG activity recorded from the paraspinal muscles were significantly higher when the angle of the monitor adjusted to 45 degree from the center of the desk.. 2. SEMG activity recorded from the upper trapezius/supraspinatus/infraspinatus muscles were significantly higher when the hight of the desk was elevated from the recommended height.3. SEMG activity from the rhomboid muscle showed no significantiy difference in all test conditions. CONCLUSIONS: The results of thls study confirm that the helght of a VDT workstation and the angle of the monitor are risk factors of upper extremity cumulative trauma disorders. Also SEMG would be useful for measuring muscle activities during workstation assessment.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Electromyography* ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Muscles ; Paraspinal Muscles ; Risk Factors ; Shoulder ; Upper Extremity ; Volunteers

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate musculoskeletal and psychosocial perception and compare these conditions regarding the type of job (white or blue-collar) and the type of management model (private or public). METHODS: Forty-seven public white-collar (PuWC), 84 private white-collar (PrWC) and 83 blue-collar workers (PrBC) were evaluated. Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) were applied to evaluate psychosocial factors. Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to assess musculoskeletal symptoms. Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) was measured to evaluate sensory responses. RESULTS: According to JCQ, all groups were classified as active profile. There was a significant association between work engagement and workers' categories (p < 0.05). PrWC workers had the highest scores for all the UWES domains, while PrBC had the lowest ones. PPT showed that PrBC workers had an increased sensitivity for left deltoid (p < 0.01), and for both epicondyles (p < 0.01), when compared to the other groups. PrWC workers had an increased sensitivity for both epicondyles than PuWC (right p < 0.01; left, p = 0.05). There was no significant association in the report of symptoms across the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study showed differences in psychosocial risk factors and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers engaged in different types of jobs and work organization. Personal and work-related characteristics, psychosocial factors and PPT responses were different across workers' group. Despite all, there was no significant difference in reported symptoms across the groups, possibly indicating that the physical load is similar among the sectors.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Human Engineering ; Humans ; Pain Threshold ; Physical Therapy Specialty ; Psychology ; Public Sector* ; Risk Factors*

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms and related factors among VDT operators in bank. The subjects were 950 women workers. The characteristics of subjects were 26.6 years of average age, 5.7 years of average VDT use duration and 6.5 hours of daily VDT use time. The results were as follows. The prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms more than severe in Likert scale were 51.4%, 43.9% at the shoulder, 38.3%, 31.8% at the lower back, 38.0%, 31.3% at the neck, 31.2%, 25.2% at the upper back, 21.7%, 16.5% at the wrist and 13.6%, 8.8% at the fingers (while on duty, after home-coming). General characteristic variables affecting the musculoskeletal symptoms were married, number of child and daily house-working time. Work-related factors affecting the musculoskeletal symptoms were VDT working career, daily working time, daily VDF use time, VDF use time without rest, daily work-load and regular rest. As the result of the multiple logistic regression analysis, daily working time, daily VDT use time and VDT working career were significant variables accounting for the musculoskeletal symptoms.
Child ; Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Neck ; Prevalence* ; Shoulder ; Wrist

There is increasing attention to medical problems of musicians. Many studies find a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in musicians, ranging from 73.4% to 87.7%, and string players have the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal problems. This paper examines the various positions and movements of the upper extremities in string players: 1) basic postures for holding instruments, 2) movements of left upper extremity: fingering, forearm posture, high position and vibrato, 3) movements of right upper extremity: bowing, bow angles, pizzicato and other bowing techniques. These isotonic and isometric movements can lead to musculoskeletal problems in musicians. We reviewed orthopedic disorders that are specific to string players: overuse syndrome, muscle-tendon syndrome, focal dystonia, hypermobility syndrome, and compressive neuropathy. Symptoms, interrelationships with musical performances, diagnosis and treatment of these problems were then discussed.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders/*etiology ; Humans ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/*etiology ; *Music ; Neuromuscular Diseases ; Occupational Diseases/*etiology

Flexor hallucis longus tendinitis is a common overuse syndrome in classic ballet dancers. To describe the clinical symptoms, diagnosis and non-operative and operative treatment, we evaluated twenty ballet dancers from march 1994 to August 1995. For the diagnosis, Tomasen test was helpful clinically and MRI was essential for surgical intervetion to find a tendon degeneration. Patients were classified into three groups by symptoms and clinical stages. All of the Group 1 and 2 were recovered by means of the conservative treatment. Two dancers belongs to Group 3 showed a severe degeneration of tendon on the MRI scan, finally was taken the an operation. Release of the tarsal tunnel were performed. Six months after operation, they could return to dancing.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Dancing ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Tendinopathy* ; Tendons

The purpose of this study was to estimate mean pressure thresholds over several skeletal muscles, grip and pinch strengths in female telephone operators. Pressure thresholds on muscles of neck and shoulder were measured with a pressure algometer, and grip and pinch strength were measured with a Jamar dynamometer and a Jamar pinch gauge in 904 female telephone operators. The pressure threshold was highest in the supraspinatus and lowest in the cervical paraspinals. There was no statistically significant difference between right and left corresponding muscles. The mean grip strength was 22.29 kg in the right hand, 21.97 kg in the left hand. The mean tip pinch strength was 0.56 kg in the right, 0.51 kg in the left. The mean lateral pinch strength was 2.21 kg in the right, 2.12 kg in the left. The mean palmar pinch strength was 1.82 kg in the right, 1.66 kg in the left. There was no significant correlation between grip, pinch strength and age(p>0.05). There were positive correlations between height, weight and grip strength. There were positive correlations between exposure duration to visual display terminal and pinch strength.
Cumulative Trauma Disorders ; Female* ; Hand ; Hand Strength* ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Neck ; Pinch Strength* ; Shoulder ; Telephone*