Kainic acid (KA) is now being widely used in neurobiology as a lesioning tool but, until recently, no neurohistological studies had been done on rabbits. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of kainic acid on hippocampal and caudate neurons in adult and young rabbits.Our results were as follows:1. Intraventricular injection of 0.8 ?g of KA caused destruction of the most of pyramidal cells in CA_3 and CA_4 in adult rabbits. At the same time damage to caudate neurons was also observed. After injection of 0.3 of 0.5 ?g of KA approximately one half of neurons in CA_3 and CA_4 was destroyed. Injection of KA with higher dose (1 ?g) caused more extensive damage to hippocampal neurons. However, after intraventricular injection of KA (0.1 or 0.2 ?g) in young rabbits (15～18 days old), the damage to some pyramidal ceils was observed only in CA_3a.2. Injection of 0.3 ?g KA into rabbit hippocampus caused destruction of neurons confined to the injected area. Intracaudate injection of KA with same dose (0.3 ?g) caused a small loss of caudate neurons, and the damage seemed less extensive.It was suggested that given proper care, KA can be also used to lesion selectively most perikarya in rabbit brain area.

ObjectiveTo examine the mental health status and its changes among children exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake 2 and 3 years after it has passed,and evaluate the possible influencing factors of mental health.MethodsThe General questionnaire,the self-reported Children's revised impact of event scale(CRIES)and the Depression self-rating scale for children ( DSRSC ) were administered to the same children from the earthquake affected areas 2,3 years after the earthquake.ResultsBoth of the CRIES scores and DSRSC scores had decreased over the 2,3 years periods after the earthquake ( z =- 8.772,P =0.00; z=- 2.870,P =0.00 ).The risk factors associated with PTSD 3 years after the earthquake were:gender (OR =1.069,P =0.00 ),the severity of their family's injury( OR =1.141,P =0.02 ),the length of living in transferred safe places( OR =1.416,P =0.03 ),and whether or not witnessed collapse ( OR =1.014,P =0.01 ).The risk factors associated with depression 3 years after the earthquake were:gender( OR =1.367,P =0.00),age( OR =1.035,P =0.04),and despair( OR =2.490,P =0.01 ).ConclusionBoth of the symptoms of PTSD and depression among the children from earthquake affected areas have decreased over the 2,3 years periods after the earthquake.The mental health status of the children from the earthquake affected areas are influenced by their gender,age,the length of living in transferred safe places,the severity of their family's injury,whether or not witnessed collapse and despair.These factors should be taken into considerations when the long-term post-traumatic psychological interventions are planned.

Objective To explore the value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE)in patients with aortic valve plasty.Methods Eleven patients[6 male,5 female,mean age(26.27±8.19)years]with severe aortic regurgitation underwent echocardiographic examination using Philips Sonos 7500 and IE33 with a X4 probe.Results The diameters of aortic valvular annulus,aortic root,sinotubular j unction and ascending aortic were measured by RT-3DE and compared with those measured directly in operation,their correlation was r= 0.99,P＜0.05;r=0.98,P＜0.05;r=0.97,P＜0.05 and r=0.98,P＜0.05.RT-3DE and color RT-3DE could display aortic leaflet motion and the severity of aortic regurgitation clearly.They were also effective in analyse of the position,size and shape of a ventricular septal defect(VSD).Conclusions RT-3DE and color RT-3DE provides good insight into aortic valvular motion and the severity of aortic regurgitation,and allows to measure the diameter of aortic valvular annulus,aortic root,sinotubular junction and ascending aortic rapidly and accurately.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of COBIO XS automated urine sediment analyzer for screening urinary tract infection(UTI) .Methods Midstream urine samples were collected from 182 patients with suspected UTI .White blood cell counts(WBC) and bacteria counts(BACT) were determined by COBIO XS automated urine sediment analyzer .By comparing with quantitative urine culture as the golden standard of UTI .The area under the ROC curve(AUC) was constructed to evaluate the dis‐criminative power of variables to predict UTI .Results The positive rate of urine culture was 30 .8% .The isolated rate of Esche‐richia coli ,Enterococcus species and proteus species were 53 .6% ,16 .1% ,10 .7% ,respectively .ROC curve analysis showed that AUC was 0 .808(95% CI 0 .710-0 .867) for WBC and 0 .899(95% CI 0 .797 -0 .923) for BACT .The best cutoff value for WBC was 50/μL ,sensitivity was 89 .0% ,specificity was 83 .8% ,positive predictive value was 86 .3% and negative predictive value was 93 .7% .The best cutoff value for BACT was 110/μL ,sensitivity was 82 .5% ,specificity was 85 .6% ,positive predictive value was 78 .5% and negative predictive value was 88 .0% .Conclusion COBIO XS analyzer is adopted to conduct rapid and reliable a screen‐ing tool for UTI .

Objective To examine whether speckle tracking imaging(STI) could provide for the assessment of acute cardiac rejection. Methods Hearts from Brown Norway rats or Lewis rats were transplanted into other Brown Norway rats. Isografts and groups of allografts either untreated or treated with cyclosporin A (CsA) at a low dose (3 mg ·kg-1 ·d-1) or high dose (10mg · kg-1 ·d-1) from 1　day before transplantation were compared at posttransplantation day 7. Results Echocardiography-derived left ventricular post wall thickness was increased only in untreated allografts. The left ventricular eject fraction was significant lower in the allografts compared with isograft, but allografts treated without or with low-dose CsA showed similar results. The radial systolic radial strain rate showed a lower value in untreated allografts than other grafts,but there was no significant differences between allograft treated with high- or low-dose CsA and isografts. The circumferential strain and circumferential strain rate was comparable among the 4 groups. However the radial strain exhibited a clear gradient in these groups [(2. 8 ± 1.3)％ in untreated allografts, (5.2 ± 0.9)％ in allografts treated with low-dose CsA, (6.3 ± 1.8 )％ in allografts treated with high-dose CsA,and (12.7 ± 7.9) in isografts, P＜0.001]. The radial strain exhibited a clear correlation with the severity of rejection ( r =-0.812, P＜ 0.0000). Conclusions The radial strain decreased as the severity of rejection worsen. STI offers promise as a noninvasive method for detecting transplant allograft rejection.

Objective To test the reliability and validity of CRIES-13(Chinese edition). The Children Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13) was recommened for diagnosing PTSD of children. Methods In the last third of the September 2008,according to the suffering condition,600 students were choosed who were fit for the research standard as subjects in two middle schools randomly. The viability of CRIES-13 was weighted by testretest reliability,Cronbach' s alpha,Split half reliability. The validity of CRIES-13 was analysed by content validity ,criterion validity,construction validity. Results In the test-retest reliability of CRIES-13, the Spearman correlation coefficient of total,intrusion factor,avoid factor,high warkening factor were 0.79, 0.75, 0.71, 0.75. Significant correlation were found among these scores. The Cronbach' s alpha of population was 0. 81. The Cronbach' s alpha of three factors was 0. 79 ( intrusion factor) , 0. 71 ( avoid factor), 0. 65 ( high awarkening factor). CRIES-13's split-half reliability was 0. 85. In the content validity test,the Spearman rank correlation coefficient between total score and each item was 0. 83 (intrusion factor), 0. 75 (avoid factor), 0. 85 (high awarkening factor). The correlation between intrusion factor and avoid factor was 0.63. The correlation between avoid factor and high awarkening factor was 0.41. The correlation between intrusion factor and high awarkening factor was 0.41. In struction validity, variance orthogonal rotation factor analysis was adopted and got three general factors. Their cumulative contribution to total variance was 55.52%. In the criterion validity test,significant correlation was found between intrusion factor and SDQ emotional factor and depression scale total score. Significant correlation was found between high awakening factor and SDQ emotional factor and depression scale total score. Conclusion The reliability and validity of CRIES-13 was good. It could be used extensively.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of ultrasound speckle tracking imaging(STI)in assessing left ventricular(LV)systolic and twist function in patients with heart transplantation.Methods Nine patients with heart transplantation and 10 subjects with normal LV function were examined by GE Vivid 7 with a M3S probe.Eighteen regional peak systolic strain and displacement in longitudinal,radial,circumferential,and 18 regional degree of rotation were measured respectively.Results The segmental regional peak systolic strain and displacement were less than those in subjects with normal LV function(P ＜0.05),but segmental regional degree of rotation was more than that in subjeets with normal LV function (P＜0.05).Conclusions STI may provide a noninvasive,simple and quick tool for evaluation of left ventricular systolic and twist function in patients with heart transplantation.

Objective The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-13) is used for Screening PTSD of children. The reliability and validity of CRIES-13 is good. To research the demarcation points of CRIES-13 (Chinese version) based on the reliability and validity analysis,and to improve the useful value of the scale.Methods In late September 2008, according affected condition, students were choosed who were fit for the research standard as subjects in two middle schools. First,general questionnaire (self-writing) and CRIES-13 were applied to the subjects. Second, according to K-SADS-PL, physician carried out diagnosis meeting and evaluation to 310 students who were classified by stratified rand sampling. Critical point of CRIES-13 was divided by K-SADSPL. The assessment value of it were sensitivity, specificity, veracity, PPV, NPV. The right choice of division was measured by ROC curve. Results When the critical score was higher than 30, the score of Se ( 0. 833 ), Sp(0. 836) and NPV (0.97) was in the high level. Conclusion When the critical score is higher than 30, the scale have a good discrimination for PTSD, non-PTSD and it can be used extensively.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of non?suicidal self injury among middle school students. Methods Data were collected from 2 140 middle school students with the mean age of 13.92 by stratified sampling method. All students were evaluated with Beck Depression Scale (BDI),Barratt Im?pulsiveness Scale ( BIS ) , Adolescent Self?Rating Life Events Check List ( ASLEC ) , Adolescents Health related Risk Behaviors Inventory ( AHRBI ) , Chinese version of Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales ( FACES II?CV) ,and self?made investigate questionnaire. Results The prevalence of non?suicidal self injury a?mong local middle school students was 23.2%,total 495 adolescents were endorsed non?suicidal self injury,and 49.7% were girls.The results of in multivariable logistic regression showed the main risk factors for non?suicidal self injury among adolescents were being female,depressive symptoms,impulsiveness,negative life events and health re?lated risk behaviors. Conclusion Non?suicidal self injury is high among Chinese adolescent in the city of Dujian?gyan,and it is necessary to take effective interventions.

Objective This study aimed to explore the experience and needs of dignity-conserving care of disabled elderly people in nursing homes,and to provide a basis for formulating a quality evaluation system for dignity-conserving care.Methods This descriptive qualitative study,involving a semi-structured in-depth interview of 13 disabled elderly people based on purposive sampling,was conducted from August to November 2022 at a nursing home in Hangzhou.Based on the harmony nursing theory,the directional content analysis method was performed in order to summarize and extract themes from the interview texts.Results The dignity-conserving care experience and needs of disabled elderly people were extracted and classified into 5 themes,including physical safety(physical health maintenance,privacy protection,hygiene and image maintenance),psychological health(psychological counseling,psychological support),social communication(well communication environment,harmonious way of communication),spiritual culture(self-realization,respect for faith),needs of dignity-conserving care(individualized health needs,activity participation needs,dignified communication needs,spiritual needs of respecting the elderly).Conclusion When conducting the dignity-conserving care,nursing homes should pay attention to the physical health of the disabled elderly,actively maintain the image and privacy of the disabled elderly people,pay attention to the needs of psychological health,provide psychological counseling and support,strengthen the construction of barrier-free environments and cultural environments,build mutual respect way of communication,fully respect the religious beliefs of disabled elderly people,promote the realization of self-value of disabled elderly people,broaden the channels of personalized service and activity participation,strengthen the interaction of the dignity and spirit of the respect for the elderly of nursing homes,comprehensively improve the quality of dignity-conserving care in nursing homes.