Objective To explore the effect of relaxation training with listening to music on negative emotions of hemodialysis patients.Methods 70 hemodialysis patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group by random number table,and each group had 35 cases.The control group was given routine care,health education and routine discharge guidance during dialysis by the responsible nurses.The intervention group had relaxation training with listening to music on the basis of routine care.Before the intervention and three months after the intervention the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was used as an assessment tool to evaluate negative emotion of patients.Results Before intervention,the HAMD scores of the two groups showed no significant differences.3 months after intervention,HAMD scores had significant difference between two groups.Conclusions Relaxation training with listening to music can significantly improve patients' negative emotions,and is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the mitochondrial function of chondrocytes in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) patients and its correlation with age.Methods Mitochondrial function was evaluated by analyzing the activities of respiratory chain enzyme complexes and citrate synthase (CS),intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP)contents, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm),as well as the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents.Correlation of mitodhondrial function and age was analyzed with linear regression.Results Activities of complexes Ⅱ (P = 0.001 ),Ⅲ (P = 0.005 )and Ⅳ (P = 0.005 )were reduced in KBD articular chondrocytes compared with cells from normal controls.However,the mitochondrial mass was increased in KBD samples. Cultured KBD chondrocytes had reduced cellular ATP level (P = 0.001 )and mitochondrial membrane potential (P =0.001),but increased citrate synthase activity (P =0.04)and intracellular ROS level (P <0.001).We found no correlation between mitochondrial function and donor age either in normal or in KBD chondrocytes. Conclusion Mitochondrial function is altered in articular chondrocytes of KBD,and no correlation was found between mitochondrial function and donor age.

Objective To explore convenient and practical semi-quantitative MRS indicators in diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods One hundred patients with completer MRS data and clinical data were enrolled in the study.The following parameters were assessed to evaluate their efficacy in diagnosis of prostate cancer, (Cho + Cr)/Cit of single voxel, mean (Cho + Cr)/Cit of the whole area and (Cho + Cr)/ Cit positive voxel ratio at the sextant level.Similarly, all the parameters mentioned above and mean (Cho +Cr)/Cit positive voxel ratios of the whole gland were assessed at the whole gland level.Pearson test and Kappa test were used in the research.Results Two thousand nine hundred and forty-five voxels were assessed including 1203 in cancer positive region and 1742 in cancer negative regioa The range of the (Cho + Cr) /Cit ratio in cancer positive region was from 0.22 to 8.00 (median, 1.87), and that in cancer negative region was from 0.11 to 8.00 (median, 0.53).The (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio in cancer positive region was higher than that in cancer negative region (Z =28.48, P<0.01) with partial overlap.On the level of sextant, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio> 0.911 to diagnose prostate cancer were 81.4% (179/220),64.2% (194/302), 62.4% (179/287) 、82.6% (194/235) 、71.5% (373/522) respectively; those of mean (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio>0.911 were 77.3% (170/220),77.2% (233/302),71.1% (170/239),82.3% (233/283),77.2% (403/522) respectively; those of positive voxel ratio>0.519 were 73.2% (161/220),80.8% (244/302)、 73.5% (161/219),80.8% (244/302), 77.6% (405/522) respectively; the consistency between mean (Cho + Cr) /Cit ratio and positive voxel ratio was high (Kappa=0.907).On the level of the whole prostate, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of (Cho + Cr)/ Cit ratio>0.911 to diagnose prostate cancer were 94.3% (50/53),40.4% (19/47),64.1% (50/78), 86.4% (19/22),69.0% (69/100) respectively; those of mean (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio>0.911 were73.6% (39/53),83.0% (39/47), 83.0% (39/47), 73.6% (39/53), 78.0% (78/100) respectively; those of maximum positive voxel ratio> 0.519 were 88.7% (47/53),61.7% (29/47),72.3% (47/65),82.9% (29/35),76.0% (76/100) respectively; those of mean positive voxel ratio>0.519 were 62.3% (33/53), 85.1% (40/47), 82.5% (33/40), 66.7% (40/60), 73.0% (73/100) respectively; the consistency between mean (Cho + Cr)/Cit ratio and mean positive voxel ratio was fairly high (Kappa =0.818).Conclusion Single voxel criteria were suggested to diagnose clinically suspected prostate cancer.Maximum positive voxel ratio criteria were suggested to guide localization in biopsy.

Objective To compare the effects of selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) and sodium selenium (Na2SeO3) on apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of articular chondrocytes from patients with Kashin-Beck Disease (KBD) in vitro,and provide a scientific basis for preventing KBD.Methods The subjects with KBD were diagnosed on National Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of KBD (WS/T207-2010),articular cartilage from 8 patients undertaken joint replacement operation were collected.In vitro,chondrocytes were treated with concentration of 0,25,50,100,200,300,400 and 500 μg/L of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 for 5 d,respectively.Cell growth was detected by MTT assay,and the highest concentration and time corresponding to the highest survival rate of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 were used in the following experiment.KBD chondrocytes were treated with Nano-Se and Na2SeO3,and divided into control group,Na2SeO3 group,Nano-Se group according to the randomized design.Each group had 8 cases.The cell apoptosis and ROS were detected by flow cytometry.Results The optimal intervention concentration of Nano-Se and Na2SeO3 was 100 and 400 μg/L,respectively.The optimal intervention time of NanoSe and Na2SeO3 both was 3 days.There was a significant decrease in the total and terminal apoptosis,ROS level of chondrocytes in Nano-Se group [(4.67 ± 0.89)％,(1.51 ± 0.48)％,(56.04 ± 4.81)％] and Na2SeO3 group [(7.07 ±0.25)％,(4.37 ± 0.37)％,(87.13 ± 6.60)％] compared with those of control group [(9.95 ± 0.38)％,(6.93 ± 0.42)％,(125.17 ± 16.60)％,all P ＜ 0.01].The difference of early apoptotic rate among control group,Na2SeO3 group,NanoSe group [(3.02 ± 0.41)％,(2.7 ± 0.46)％,(3.16 ± 0.56)％] was not statistically significant (F =2.11,P =0.35).Conclusion Appropriate concentration of Nano-Se can significantly decrease oxidative stress of KBD chondrocytes and inhibit apoptosis compared to Na2SeO3.

An 18-year-old female presented with painful erythema and nodules on both legs for more than 2 years.Dermatological examination showed irregularly sized,mildly indurated,tender,deep subcutaneous nodules arising in diffused infiltrated dark erythematous patches in the inner and posterior region of the left leg.Histopathology showed no significant changes in the epidermis.There were perivascular lymphoid cell infiltrates in the dermis and subcutis.Multiple sites of necrosis of blood vessel walls with vascular occlusions were noted.The lumens of some blood vessels were filled with lymphocytes,among which were many atypical cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and pathologic mitotic figures.Immunohistochemistry showed that lymphocytes in the cavities of blood vessels were positive for CD3(+++),CD3ε(+++),CD2(+),CD56(+++),granzyme B(+++),perforin(+++),CD30(+),Ki67 (+++,100％ ),but negative for CD20,CD5,CD7,CD4,CD8,TdT,anaplastic lymphoma kinase,early membrane antigen (EMA) or pan cytokeratin (pCK).The endothelial cells lining the blood vessels stained positively for CD34.The intravascular lymphocytes were also positive for EBER1/2 by in situ hybridization.A diagnosis of cutaneous intravascular NK/T cell lymphoma was made.

This study was aimed to observe the effects on glucolipid metabolism of aqueous extract of traditional South African herb Sutherlandia. Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) combined with high fat feed method was used in the establishment of type 2 diabetes rat model. Then, rats were randomly divided into the normal group, model group, pioglitazone group, and the Sutherlandia group. Observation was made on changes of body weight, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Western blot method was used to detect IRS-1 expression of skeletal muscle in rats of each group. The results showed that compared with the normal group, body weight in the model group was decreased, and indicators of OGTT, TG, TC, LDL-C were significantly increased (P< 0.05). Symptoms such as increased drink-ing, eating and urine were obvious; and the IRS-1 expression was obviously decreased (P< 0.05). After treatment, compared with the model group, there was no significant body weight increase in the Sutherlandia group or the pi-oglitazone group. Indicators of blood glucose, TG, TC in the Sutherlandia group and the pioglitazone group were ob-viously decreased with no statistical difference (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). In the Sutherlandia group and the pioglitazone group, IRS-1 expression of skeletal muscle in rats was obviously increased with no statistical difference (P< 0.05). It was concluded that type 2 diabetes rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ combined with high fat feed method can induce glucolipid metabolism disorders. Traditional South African herb Sutherlandia can obviously reduce the blood sugar level, improve blood lipid metabolism, and improve the level of insulin. Sutherlandia can improve the IRS-1 expression of skeletal muscle in rats, relief the insulin resistance, and lower blood sugar. However, the effect of its exact ways required further in-depth study.

Pathogen detection is very important to improve the prognosis of patients with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. The paper reported a case of peritonitis caused by Ureaplasma parvum diagnosed by metagenomics next-generation sequencing（mNGS）technology. The patient was a middle-aged woman and hospitalized due to abdominal pain and muddy effluent. Anti-infective treatments such as ceftazidime and vancomycin were given but the effect was poor. The result of traditional culture was negative. Ureaplasma parvum was detected by mNGS. After using doxycycline，the patient's inflammation was controlled. It is suggested that mNGS plays an important role in the detection of the pathogens in peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis patients with negative culture. Through this case report and literature review，clinical experience is provided for the diagnosis and treatment in such patients.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of nano-Se-chondroitin sulfate on the growth and apoptosis of chondrocytes from patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) exposed to T-2 toxin in vitro.

METHODSSamples of the articular cartilage were obtained from 6 patients with grade II/III KBD diagnosed in line with the National Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of KBD (WS/T 207-2010) for chondrocyte separation and culture in vitro. The separated chondrocytes were treated with synthesized nano-Se-chondroitin sulfate particles and T-2 toxin, alone or in combination, and the cell growth and apoptosis were observed using MTT assay, HE staining and flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe synthesized nano-Se-chondroitin sulfate, with a selenium entrapment ratio of 10.1%, spontaneously formed nanoparticles in distilled water with sizes ranging from 30 to 200 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy suggested a possible covalent bond that bound Nano-Se and chondroitin sulfate. Within the concentration range of 50-200 ng/ml, nano-Se-chondroitin sulfate significantly inhibited T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis of the cultured chondrocytes and reduced the early apoptosis rate to (8.64∓1.57)% (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONNano-Se-chondroitin sulfate can inhibit T-2 toxin-induced apoptosis of cultured chondrocytes from KBD patients in vitro, and serves as a promising candidate therapeutic agent for KBD.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; Chondroitin Sulfates ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Kashin-Beck Disease ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Nanostructures ; T-2 Toxin ; toxicity

Objective:To study the effect of Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules on joint function, quality of life and inflammatory factors in patients with Kashin-Beck disease.Methods:By group design, 135 patients with Kashin-Beck disease in Chongxin County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province, were selected and divided into intervention group (100 cases treated with Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules, 12 g/bag, 1 bag/time, 3 times/day, treatment for 1 month) and control group (35 cases treated with ibuprofen, 0.3 g/capsule, 1 capsule/time, 2 times/day, treatment for 2 weeks) according to the randomized, single-blind principle. The changes of joint dysfunction index score, joint function improvement rate, total scores of Kashin-Beck disease quality of life (KBDQOL) and scores of each dimension were analyzed before treatment, 1 month and 3 months after treatment. The serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor κB (NFκB)-p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before treatment and 1 month after treatment.Results:The total scores of joint dysfunction index of the intervention group and the control group 1 month after treatment and 3 months after treatment were lower than those before treatment, but 3 months after treatment was higher than 1 month after treatment ( P < 0.001). One month after treatment, the total effective rates of joint function improvement in the intervention group and the control group were 68.00% (68/100) and 54.55% (18/33), respectively; 3 months after treatment, the total effective rates of the intervention group and the control group were 36.00% (36/100) and 39.39%(13/33), respectively. The total scores and scores of each dimension of KBDQOL were not significant for the main effect of the group ( P > 0.05), but significant for the main effect at the time point ( P < 0.05), and there was no interactive effect ( P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the scores of social support and mental status dimensions in the intervention group at different time points ( P < 0.001). And in the intervention group, the total score, the scores of physical function, activity limitation, economy and overall health dimensions were statistically significant between before treatment and 1 month after treatment, 1 month after treatment and 3 months after treatment( P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between before treatment and 3 months after treatment ( P > 0.05). One month after treatment, the serum PGE2 levels of both groups were decreased ( P < 0.05), and there was no difference in other inflammatory factors at different groups and time points ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules can effectively inhibit the inflammatory reaction of patients with Kashin-Beck disease, promote the improvement of joint function and improve the quality of life in various aspects.

Objective:To determine whether the early stage platelet count can predict the outcome of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted by selecting PDAP patients who were hospitalized in the First People's Hospital of Foshan from January 2012 to January 2019. According to the final treatment outcome, the patients were divided into cured group and withdrawn group. The withdrawn group included patients who transferred to hemodialysis or died. Basic data on demography, blood routine examination, peritoneal fluid, biochemical indicators were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the withdrawn risk factors of PDAP.Results:There were 180 patients included in the study, including 112 cases in the cured group and 68 cases in the withdrawn group. Compared with the cured group, there were older age [(53.38±14.17) years old vs (48.41±13.04) years old, t=2.407, P=0.017], longer age of dialysis [(49.20±26.05) months vs (30.36±32.97) months, t=4.034, P<0.001], longer hospital stay [(23.88±11.50) d vs (17.80±3.95) d, t=5.133, P<0.001] and higher platelet count [(285.55±107.23)×10 9/L vs (234.90±74.03)×10 9/L, t=3.450, P=0.001], lower serum albumin [(31.72±7.47) g/L vs (35.40±4.93) g/L, t=-3.972, P<0.001] in the withdrawn group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that longer dialysis age ( OR=1.012, 95% CI 1.007-1.024, P=0.015) and higher platelet count ( OR=1.013, 95% CI 1.004-1.026, P=0.008) were independent risk factors, and higher serum albumin ( OR=0.941, 95% CI 0.896-0.988, P=0.005) was an independent protective factor of withdrawal from peritoneal dialysis in PDAP patients. Conclusions:The long dialysis age, early high platelet count are independent risk factors and high serum albumin level is an independent protective factor for withdrawal from peritoneal dialysis in PDAP patients.