Objective To prepare rabbit antibody against mouse AD-004 by AD-004 expressed in the prokaryotic expression system and to identify its distribution in the testis and adrenal. Methods The full-length cDNA of mouse AD-004 was cloned into PET28 plasmid, and the protein was induced in E. coli BL21 bacteria by adding IPTC and then purified by Ni2+ -NTA column. The purified protein was used as an immunogen to prepare polyclonal antibody ( pAb) of AD-004. The specificity of the antibody was detected by Western blotting. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in the mouse adrenal and testis via pAb of AD-004. Results Hisfused AD-004 was expressed efficiently in the prokaryotic system. Western blot analysis showed that the polyclonal antibody was duly bound to purified AD-004 with high specificity and sensitivity. AD-004 could be abundantly identified in the adrenal medulla and mainly expressed in the Leydig cells of testis. Conclusion The mouse protein of AD-004 is obtained from the prokaryotic expression system. The rabbit anti-AD-004 antibody has been prepared successfully. AD-004 protein is mainly localized in the interstitium of testis, suggesting that AD-004 may play a role in the synthesis of sex-steroid hormone.

Objective To investigate the situation of sexual partners and related factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in college students.Methods Snowball sampling and Convenience sampling were both used to recruit MSM from colleges in Tsingtao in 2016.Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted to collect data of socio-demographic and situation of sexual partners.Sample Size was estimated based on cross-sectional study,and theoretical 267.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 300 MSM,average aged 20.7,were analyzed.Both first sex partner and the last same-sex sexual partner were mct instantly,with proportions as 58.7％ (176/300) and 62.3％ (187/300) respectively.Among all the MSM,88.3％ (265/300) preferred selecting men as sex partners and 42.7％ (128/300) enjoyed finding sex partners in college,while 86.0％ (258/300) preferred finding their sex partners through intemet.Conclusions Intemet had been the major way of looking for sex partner among MSM in college students,the male sexual partner were met instantly.We should focus on men who have sex with men and their sexual health among college students to prevent and control HIV/AIDS.

Objective To explore the link management of medical device related pressure ulcers in neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU) , and reduce the incidence of NICU medical device related pressure ulcers through various link management. Methods From June 2012 to May 2014, 726 cases of patients in our department were selected as the control group and received commonly used preventive measures and conventional pressure ulcer grading nursing care. From June 2014 to May 2016, another 869 patients in our department was selected as the observation group, and they received link intervention based on the routine nursing method which includes the establishment of pressure ulcer steering group, developing nursing measures of common medical device related pressure ulcers, establishing management principles of prevention and management of medical devices related pressure ulcers and strengthening personnel training and development of all levels of responsibility.The incidence rate of NICU medical device related pressure ulcers was observed. Results There were 28 cases of medical device related pressure ulcers in the control group, and the incidence rate was 3. 9%( 28/726);while there were 7 cases of medical instrument pressure ulcers in the observation group, and the incidence rate was 0.8% (7/869). The severity of pressure ulcer in the control group was significantly higher than that in the observation group; the cure rate of the wound was significantly lower than that of the observation group (U=-2.001,P<0.05). The score of nursing staff on the knowledge of medical device related pressure ulcers was (26. 2±1.7) after training, which was higher than that before training (17.6± 0. 8) (t=-6.04,P<0.01).Conclusions Through the link management of medical device related pressure ulcers, incidence rate of pressure ulcers is reduced;the quality of nursing is improved; the use of medical equipment is standardized;and the new concept of medical device related pressure ulcers is updated.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of cucumber on preventing chapped lips and oral cavity ulcer caused by fasting after surgery.Methods A total of 124 fasting patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group on average.The control group during the period of fasting were painted lips or gargled with warm boiling water or mineral syrup while the experimental group during the period of fasting were laid with cucumber slices or gargled cucumber juice.The incidence of chapped lips and oral cavity ulcer during the fasting period in two groups had been compared.Results The incidence rate of chapped lips and oral cavity ulcer in the experimental group was 4.84%, which was lower than that in the control group(43.55%) with statistical significance (χ2 =90.26,P<0.01).The degree of chapped lips and oral cavity ulcer in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group as well.Conclusions Utilization of cucumber for fasting patients is effective to prevent chapped lips and oral cavity ulcer.

Objective To study the differences in the blood cell analysis of male officers and soldiers be-tween in the high altitude area station and low altitude area station in summer.Methods A total of 239 male officers and soldiers in the high altitude area(Amdo Xizang,average altitude 4 800 m)and 336 male officers and soldiers in the low altitude area(Nanjing,Jiangsu,average altitude 30 m)from July 18 to 24,2022 were selected as the study subjects and the differences in blood cell analysis parameters of male officers and soldiers stationed between at high altitude and low altitude areas were retrospectively analyzed.Results The eosino-phils percentage(EDS％),eosinophils count(EOS)in the high altitude group were significantly lower than thosein the low altitude group(P＜0.05),and the basophillic granulocyte percentage(BASO％),basophillic granulo-cyte count(BASO)and monocyte percentage(MONO％)were significantly higher than those in the low alti-tude group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05),but which in the both groups were in the normal reference ranges.The red blood cell count(RBC)hemoglobin(Hb)and hematocrit(HCT)in the high altitude group were significantly higher than those in the low altitude group(P＜0.05),moreover Hb and HCT in the high altitude group were in the upper limit of the medical reference range.The mean corpus-cular volume(MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)and red blood cell distribution width-standard diviation(RDW-SD)in the high altitude group were lower than those in the low-altitude group(P＜0.05),but the both groups were in the normal reference ran-ges;there was no statistically significant difference in the erythrocyte distribution width coefficient of variation(RDW-CV)between the two groups(P＞0.05).The platelet(PLT)and thrombocytocrit(PCT)in the high altitude group were higher than those in the low altitude group,the platelet distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV)and platelet large cell ratio(P-LCR)were lower than those in the low altitude group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05);PDW in the low-altitude group was at the upper limit of the medical reference range,and the other platelet-related indexes were in the normal range.Conclusion There are obvious differences in the blood cell analysis indicators of male officers and soldiers be-tween the high altitude area and low altitude area.

Objective? To explore the effects of menu teaching and tradition teaching model in star student appraise among nursing students in clinical nursing teaching of neurosurgery department. Methods? From March 2017 to February 2018, we selected 128 nursing students in internship at the 81th Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. All of the nursing students were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, 64 cases in each group with one-to-one clinical teaching. Control group carried out tradition teaching model. On this basis, experimental group applied menu teaching. We compared the practice effects and the ratio of nursing students with 3-star or above. Results? The total score of examination performance of nurses in experimental group was (268.88±14.93) higher than that in control group with a statistical difference (t=-6.222, P＜ 0.05). There were 33 nursing students being deducted marks 0-2 and 8 nursing students being deducted 7-9 in medical ethics and clinical practical competency in experimental group; there were 24 and 18 nursing students in control group respectively; the difference was statistical (χ2=5.256, P＜0.05). There were 39.1% of nursing students being ranked as 4-stat or 5-star in experimental group and 14.1% in control group with a statistical difference (χ2=10.439, P＜0.05). Conclusions? In clinical nursing teaching of neurosurgery, menu teaching model can improve abilities and examination performance, stimulate the learning interest of nursing students.

Objective:To explore the effects of 75% ethanol pre-degreasing combined with 0.5% iodophor disinfection on the number of colonies in the surgical site of brain tumors and the postoperative healing of surgical incisions.Methods:Totally 142 patients who underwent surgery for brain tumors in the Department of Neurosurgery, Qinhuai Medical Area, General Hospital of Eastern Command Theater from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected by convenient sampling, and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table. Patients in the control group received 0.5% iodophor disinfection conventionally, while the surgical site of patients in the observation group was pre-degreased with 75% ethanol prior to 0.5% iodophor disinfection. The number of skin colonies in the surgical site, the continuous exudation time of the incision and the infection of the incision were compared between the two groups.Results:The number of colonies in the observation group was (3.73±0.62) cfu/cm 2 preoperatively and (3.92±0.47) cfu/cm 2 at the end of the operation, both lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=2.684, 5.559; P<0.05) . The time of postoperative incision exudation of the observation group was (2.12±0.95) days, which was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=5.415, P<0.05) ; 2 cases of incision infection occurred in the observation group and 9 cases in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=4.834, P<0.05) . Conclusions:In craniotomy for brain tumors, pre-degreasing with 75% ethanol and disinfecting with 0.5% iodophor can reduce the number of colonies in the surgical site, the duration of wound exudation, and the incidence of incision infection.

Objective:To investigate whether short chain fatty acid(SCFAs) intervention has an antidepressant effect by improving gut microbiota dysregulation and regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB inflammatory pathway in depression model mice.Methods:Totally 60 SPF grade male C57BL/6 J mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into three groups: control group, depression model group, and SCFAs group, with 20 mice in each group.The mice in depression model group and SCFAs group were given the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) stimulations for 8 weeks to establish the depression model.From the 6th week, SCFAs group mice were given a mixed solution of short chain fatty acid salts for drinking, until modeling was completed, meanwhile mice in the model group were given 0.78% NaCl solution for drinking.The depression-like behavior was assessed using the sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST) following modeling, and the open field test (OFT) was employed to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior of mice.16S rRNA gene sequence was used to analyze the gut microbiota of mice.The activation of astrocytes and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB inflammatory pathway in hippocampus was determined by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot.SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA was used for comparison among the three groups, and LSD- t test was used for further pairwise comparisons. Results:There were statistically significant differences in the sugar water preference rate, the immobility time in FST, and the percentage of activity time in OFT among the three groups ( F=10.554, 10.912, 12.599, all P<0.05).The the sugar water preference rate and the percentage of activity time in OFT of the depression model group were both lower than those of the control group (both P<0.05), and the immobility time in FST was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05).The sugar water preference rate in SCFAs group((84.7±3.5)%, (75.3±6.0)%)and the percentage of activity time in OFT((7.4±1.4)%, (3.2±0.9)%) were both higher than those in the depression model group(both P<0.05 ), while the immobility time in FST was shorter than that in the depression model group((110.5±21.5) s, (148.0±20.1) s, P<0.05).There was a statistical difference in the β diversity of gut microbiota among three groups ( P=0.001).At the family level, compared with the depression model group, the relative abundance of Rikenellaceaee and Bacteroidaceae increased in the SCFAs group, while the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014 decreased.At the genus level, the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014 and Prevotella decreased, while the relative abundance of Alistipes increased (all P<0.05).The immunofluorescence results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in GFAP expression levels among the three groups of mice ( F=16.565, P=0.004).The GFAP expression in the depression model group was higher than that in the control group and SCFAs group (both P<0.05).The Western blot results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the expression levels of TLR4, MYD88, and NF-κB ptoteins in the hippocampal tissue of the three groups ( F=70.59, 174.39, 14.40, all P<0.05).The protein levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in the depression model group were all higher than those in the control group and SCFAs group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:SCFAs can ameliorate the depressive-like behavior in depression model mice and reduce the activation of astrocytes in the hippocampus, which may be associated with the improvement of dysregulated gut microbiota and down-regulation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway protein.

BACKGROUND:Tyrosine kinase inhibitors,as well as other types of small-molecule cancer drugs,can cause severe cardiotoxicity. OBJECTIVE:To perform a heart safety re-evaluation by observing the effects of antitumor drugs on isolated heart electrocardiograph,cardiac action potential and associated ion channels and cytotoxicity. METHODS:Extracorporeal cardiac perfusion was given to the isolated rabbit heart using Langendorff perfusion:Sunitinib(0.3,3,10 μmol/L),Crizotinib(0.3,1,3 μmol/L),and Doxorubicin(1,30 μmol/L)were perfused sequentially for 120 minutes to record electrocardiograph and left ventricular pressure.A blank control group was set for comparison.Manual patch clamp was used to record the effects of Crizotinib,Sunitinib,Doxorubicin on hERG,Cav1.2,Nav1.5 channel currents and action potential in human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes.Adenosine triphosphate level in human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes was detected by CellTiter-Glo luminescent cell viability assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Isolated rabbit heart using Langendorff perfusion:Compared with the blank ontrol group,Sunitinib and Crizotinib at≥3 μmol/L decreased heart rate(P<0.01)and prolonged QT/QTc interval(P<0.01),and reduced left ventricular pressure to different extents.Manual patch clamp recording:Compared with the blank control group,Sunitinib and Crizotinib at 3 μmol/L inhibited the activities of hERG,Nav1.5 and Cav1.2 channels and significantly prolonged the duration of action potential(P<0.01).According to the analysis of the test article,the difference between the labeled concentration and the measured concentration of the recovered solution was not significant.Cell viability assays:Compared with the blank control group,adenosine triphosphate content in human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes significantly decreased after treatment with Sunitinib(IC50=4.64 μmol/L),Doxorubicin(IC50=4.21 μmol/L)and Crizotinib(IC50=2.87 μmol/L),indicating that cell viability significantly decreased(P<0.01).To conclude,this study successfully established an early cardiac safety evaluation method for antitumor drugs,which provides good support and help for the subsequent development of antitumor drugs.

The continuing challenges that limit effectiveness of tumor therapeutic vaccines were high heterogeneity of tumor immunogenicity, low bioactivity of antigens, as well as insufficient lymph nodes (LNs) drainage of antigens and adjuvants. Transportation of in situ neoantigens and adjuvants to LNs may be an effective approach to solve the abovementioned problems. Therefore, an FA-TSL/AuNCs/SV nanoplatform was constructed by integrating simvastatin (SV) adjuvant loaded Au nanocages (AuNCs) as cores (AuNCs/SV) and folic acid modified thermal-sensitive liposomes (FA-TSL) as shells to enhance de novo antitumor immunity. After accumulation in tumor guided by FA, AuNCs mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) induced the release of tumor-derived protein antigens (TDPAs) and the shedding of FA-TSL. Exposed AuNCs/SV soon captured TDPAs to form in situ recombinant vaccine (AuNCs/SV/TDPAs). Subsequently, AuNCs/SV/TDPAs could efficiently transport to draining LNs owing to the hyperthermia induced vasodilation effect and small particle size, achieving co-delivery of antigens and adjuvant for initiation of specific T cell response. In melanoma bearing mice, FA-TSL/AuNCs/SV and laser irradiation effectively ablated primary tumor, against metastatic tumors and induced immunological memory. This approach served a hyperthermia enhanced platform drainage to enable robust personalized cancer vaccination.