Objective: To improve the training system of medical response to nuclear and radiological emergency, and strengthen the capability construction of medical response staff. Methods: By drawing lessons from the training management experiences on medical response of nuclear and radiological emergency of the developed countries and combining with the situation and status quo of China, to discuss how to improve the training system construction on medical response of nuclear and radiological emergency under the guidance of relevant polices. Results:Through researching, a series of countermeasures, such as standard organization system, improving contents and methods of training, strengthening the construction of teacher team, carrying out the evaluation for training effect and intensifying the medical response awareness for the whole people, were adopted based on the existent main problems on medical response training of nuclear and radiological emergency in China. Conclusion: The medical response training of nuclear and radiological emergency is a long term work involved with strong specialty and wide knowledge range. This work need constant innovation so as to strengthen the training system construction of medical response, and train high competent talents on medical response of nuclear and radiological emergency, and then to establish a omnibearing, multilateral, scientific, systematic and long-acting training mode.

Medical preparedness and response to radiation emergency are challenged by the fast development of nuclear energy and nuclear technology, the rapid use of radiological source and devices,and terrorist threats involving radiological material. Against this background, hospitals play a vital role in medical response to radiation emergency. In this article, we discussed the hospital's responsibility in medical response to radiation emergency, and raised a series of requirements to the medical bases engaged in radiation emergency, which cover the planning, personnel, facilities, equipments and drugs stockpiling, and medical management technique of such bases. Adequate preparedness in advance makes the best guard for such bases, to effectively handle nuclear and radiological emergency, minimizing casualties and health damage and protecting people's health and safety.

Objective To discuss the nursing intervention of Rey syndrome in children patients.so as to search effective nursing measures.Methods 12 children patients with Rey syndrome received comprehensive nursing treatment with reducing intracranial pressure and were under continuous close observation.Slightest changes were feeded back timely,then effective nursing measures were taken to stabilize their illness,patients also received dietary therapy,medication nursing and rehabilitation training,etc.Results All patients ameliorated after 3 to 7 days,and achieved clinical recovery after 20 to 30 days without sequelae.Conclusions Early diagnosis and correct effective nursing care can improve curative rate and avoid the occurrence of complications and sequelae.

Objective To study the effects of methylmercury chloride(MMC) on protein kinase C(PKC) activities in rat developing cerebellum.Methods The animals in experimental groups were fed standard rat chow with(0.75 mg) MMC(ExpⅠ),1.5 mg MMC(ExpⅡ) and 3.0 mg MMC(ExpⅢ)respectively for 90 d before gestation to(30 d) post parturition.Cerebella of pups from each group on postnatal days(PND) 3,7,17,21 and 30 were dissected. All the samples were separated into cytosol and membrane subcellular fractions and assayed for PKC activity by the improved method from Takai′s.Results Membrane and cytosolic PKC activities of pups′ cerebella from certain experimental groups were significantly higher than those of corresponding control group,PKC activities of rats from ExpⅡ,ExpⅢ and PND 3,7,14 in ExpⅠwere significantly higher than those in control group((P

Objective To investigate the radiological contamination of body surface for inbound people from Japan to China during Fukushima nuclear accident.Methods According to The guidance for radiological contamination management for body surface issued by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,for people evacuated from Japan,the body surface monitoring of radiological contamination was performed by the related agencies in main provinces and cities in China. The monitoring data were collected,analyzed and reported to Ministry of Health.Results A total of 432 persons were checked.The monitoring results of 429 cases were close to the background level,while those of three persons were higher than the background level.Conclusions In general,the detected results were as low as the background level.The radiological contamination monitoring of body surface for people from Japan could provide scientific data to relax the horror and panic among them.

Medical treatment technology has made a lot of breakthrough because of the rapid development of the medical devices industrial.Minimally-invasive and noninvasive medicine is the development tendency of the future medicine.To adapt to the needs of the future medicine,Chongqing medical university exerted much efforts on training of minimally-invasive and noninvasive medical talents.We explored and practiced in aspects of fixing educational conception and goal,building curriculum and teaching content,constructing professional teaching team and developing practice and innovation abilities in order to fill the void of personnel training in the minimally-invasive and noninvasive medical field.

Objective To explore the efficacy of multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for aged patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods 25 aged patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were treated by multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores were evaluated,clinical results were graded from excellent to poor using Odoms criteria,and the sagittal alignment of fusion segements were measured using Cobb method. Bone fusion and complications was evaluated. Results The final follow up score according to Odoms criteria was excellent in 8 patients ,good in 14 patients,and fair in 3 patients ,with excellent and good rate of 88%. The JOA score at final follow up(7.8) was significantly higher than preoperative(12. 8),with average improvement rate of 54%. At final follow up,bone fusion rate was 100%. Conclusion Multilevel anterior discectomy and fusion for aged patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy was effective.

BACKGROUND: Some studies have showed that after indirect co-culture, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into myocardial cells and hepatocypte-like cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) to differentiate into hepatocytes by co-culture with human hepatocyte line LO2 in vitro.METHODS: Full-term umbilical cord blood samples were obtained sterilely. The UCB-MSCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and directly adherence growth, then passaged with trypsin digestion at 80% cell fusion. By utilizing cell culture plate insets with microporous membrane combined with 6-well plate, the LO2-/UCB-MSCs co-culture system was established. UCB-MSCs were plated into the wells of 6-well plate at a density of 1×10~7/L. LO2 cells were plated into the cell culture plate insert at a density of 1×10~5/L. UCB-MSCs were plated in both layers in the control group. Surface markers of adhered cells were detected by flow cytometry. Morphological changes of UCB-MSCs were observed by inverted phase contrast microscopy. mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcriptase PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: HUCB MSCs expressed CD44 and CD29 strongly, but CD34 and CD45 were expressed negatively. After 5 days, fusiform-shaped cells were reduced in the co-culture group; while, the time passing by, cells shaped irregular round or polygonal were increased, which were similar to hepatocytes. At 4 weeks after culture, UCB-MSCs were still fusiform-shaped in the control group. At day 5 after culture, alpha fetoprotein mRNA expressed positively, but other expressed negatively in the co-culture group; at day 14 after culture, cytokeratin-19 mRNA and albumin mRNA expressions were observed; moreover, with the time passing by, the expression of albumin mRNA was increased, but the expression of alpha fetoprotein-19 mRNA was decreased. Antigenic expressions in the control group were negative. This suggested that UCB-MSCs could differentiate into hepatocypte-like cells by co-culture with human hepatocyte line LO2 in vitro.

Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of Jianpijiangniling combined with chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods: A total of 129 patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group.All patients received four cycles of chemotherapy.Patients in the treatment group received concurrent four-cycle Jianpijiangniling therapy.Clinical curative effect，overall survival，quality of life，body weight，and side effects were analyzed. Results: No significant difference was found in the total efficiency between the two groups.Patients'quality of life and body weight in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group(P<0.05，P<0.01).Nausea and vomiting were more frequently seen in the control group than in the treatment group(P<0.05).No statistically significance was found in the rates of diarrhea，constipation，and other adverse effects between the two groups.Marrow suppression was frequently seen in the control group.The rates of leucopenia and decrease in hemoglobin were higher in the control group(P<0.05).The difference in the rate of thrombocytopenia between the two groups was not significant. Conclusion: Jianpijiangniling combined with chemotherapy is effective for advanced non small-cell lung cancer,with fewer side effects.

Objective:To analyze the clinicopathological features, diagnosis, and treatment of anorectal malignant melanoma (ARMM), and to explore its prognostic factors and misdiagnosis. Methods:A total of 36 patients with ARMM were enrolled in this study from January 2000 to November 2016 in Nanfang Hospital, Zhujiang Hospital, and Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Results: The clinical manifestations of ARMM were not specific. The odds of misdiagnosis were as high as 52.8% in this study. The 1-and 3-year survival rates were 75%and 35%, respectively, with median survival time of 24.51 months. Survival rate was correlated with tumor size, invasion depth, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05), but was not related to patient age and gender. The median survival time of the three groups of patients (surgery alone, surgery-based combination therapy, untreated) were 39.21, 26, and 15 months. The difference was not statistically significant. No difference in survival was found between patients under-going abdominoperineal resection and wide local excision. Conclusion:ARMM has poor prognosis and is easily misdiagnosed as a ma-lignant tumor. The prognostic factors are tumor size, invasion depth, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis. Surgical treatment can extend survival. To avoid misdiagnosis and prolong survival, early diagnosis and early treatment are recommended.