Objective To make suggestions of reform of nursing postgraduates' training mode according to the state of their core competence. Methods 297 nursing postgraduates were investigated using the assessment form of nursing postgraduate's core competence, the questionnaire of training mode and general conditions. Results Nursing postgraduate's core competence were not good, the four lowest scored ability respectively were English ability, scientific research ability, teaching ability, grasping ability of professional knowledge and skill. Conclusions In order to promote the teaching quality, we should reform the training mode from the following aspects: to make clear training target; to make clear professional direction, formulate and carry out training program effectively; to increase the courses related with profession; to reinforce the study of public English and professional English ; to improve the ability of scientific research; to strengthen and perfect the teaching practice; to consolidate the basic knowledge,the basic theory and the basic skill of nursing; to build a unified and normal evaluation system.

Objective To construct safety culture evaluation system for intravenous treatment. Method On the basis of literature review and in-depth interview of two rounds using Delphi method , consensus was achieved to build an evaluation system for safety culture of intravenous treatment . Results The recovery rate from expert consultation questionnaires of two rounds was 90 . 00% and 94 . 40%, respectively . The expert′s authority coefficient was greater than 0 . 80 . The expert′s coordination coefficient was 0 . 308 , with significant difference statistically ( P < 0 . 05 ) . After two rounds of expert consultation , an evaluation index system for safety culture of intravenous treatment was formed , including five 5 primary indexes and 25 secondary indicators . The experts had consensus on the indexes . Conclusion The evaluation system can help us to understand the status quo of intravenous treatment′s safety culture so that we can make targeted improvement . It is of importance for guaranteeing the safety of patients with intravenous therapy .

Objective: To analyze and review the clinical efficacy of acupuncture (including electroacupuncture) alone for allergic rhinitis (AR) and to compare its efficacy with antihistamines and Chinese patent medicineBi Yan Kang Tablet. Methods: The search strategy, inclusion and exclusion criteria were made according to the principle of evidence-based medicine. We performed a systematic search on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis between January 1990 and December 2015. The quality was evaluated by Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1, and the meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 version. Results: Twenty eligible RCTs were included into the meta-analysis after selection. Compared with antihistamines, the meta-analysis showed RR=1.24>1, 95%CI[1.15, 1.33],P<0.00001, indicating that acupuncture achieved a better total effective rate for AR than antihistamines; MD=–0.93<0, 95%CI[–1.22, –0.63],P<0.00001, indicating that acupuncture is better than antihistamines in decreasing the total nasal symptom score (TNSS) in AR patients; and MD=1.46>0, 95%CI[–10.84, 13.75],P=0.82, indicating that there was no statistical difference between acupuncture and antihistamines in regulating immunoglobulin E (IgE) in AR patients. Compared withBi Yan Kang Tablet, the meta-analysis has shown RR=1.50>1, 95%CI[1.30, 1.73],P<0.00001, indicating that acupuncture achieved a better total effective rate for AR than Chinese patent medicineBi Yan KangTablet. Conclusion: Acupuncture alone can achieve a better total effective rate for AR than antihistamines andBi Yan Kang Tablet. It is also better than antihistamines in improving clinical symptom scores; however, whether acupuncture is better thanBi Yan KangTablet needs further proof. As far as current data are concerned, there was no statistical difference between acupuncture and antihistamines in improving serum IgE; further study is needed in this regard. The risk of bias due to absent randomization methods or blinding implementation decreased the evidence level of the overall conclusion.

Objective To explore influence of intra-operative pituitrin therapy on the recent and long-term effects in patients with interstitial tubal pregnancy by laparoscopic surgery.Methods A total of 69 patients with interstitial tubal pregnancy by laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into control group (n=31) and observation group (n=38).In the control group,the ectopic pregnancy was directly removed and the pregnancy tissue was taken.The observation group was injected with 6 U pituitrin at the uterine horn.After the contraction of the uterus,the pregnancy tissue was removed.Effect and the serum β-HCG,P,E2 changes were compared.Results In the observation group,operation time,intra-operative blood loss,salpingectomy ratio were lower than the control group,and β-HCG,P,serum E2 levels after 1 weeks were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).Ratio of patients with persistent ectopic pregnancy was significantly lower than the control group,and tubal patency ratio was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of pituitrin on laparoscopic tubal interstitial pregnancy is stronger,and the decrease of serum-HCG,P and E2 is beneficial to the recovery of patients.

Objective To explore influence of intra-operative pituitrin therapy on the recent and long-term effects in patients with interstitial tubal pregnancy by laparoscopic surgery.Methods A total of 69 patients with interstitial tubal pregnancy by laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into control group (n=31) and observation group (n=38).In the control group,the ectopic pregnancy was directly removed and the pregnancy tissue was taken.The observation group was injected with 6 U pituitrin at the uterine horn.After the contraction of the uterus,the pregnancy tissue was removed.Effect and the serum β-HCG,P,E2 changes were compared.Results In the observation group,operation time,intra-operative blood loss,salpingectomy ratio were lower than the control group,and β-HCG,P,serum E2 levels after 1 weeks were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).Ratio of patients with persistent ectopic pregnancy was significantly lower than the control group,and tubal patency ratio was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of pituitrin on laparoscopic tubal interstitial pregnancy is stronger,and the decrease of serum-HCG,P and E2 is beneficial to the recovery of patients.

Objective To observe the clinical significance of serum pancreatic stone protein/regenerating protein (PSP/reg) in neonatal bacterial infectious diseases.Methods 92 cases of newborns with bacterial infection in our hospital from June 2016 to May 2017 were enrolled in the study.They were divided into severe infection group (36 cases) and mild infection group (56 cases) according to the severity of the infection.At the same period 58 newborns without infectious diseases in our hospital were also chosen as control group.The serum levels of PSP/reg,procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were quantitatively measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results The serum levels of PSP/reg,PCT and CRP in severe infection group were significantly higher than those in mild infection group (P ＜0.01) and control group (P ＜ 0.01),while the levels of PSP/reg,PCT and CRP in mild infection group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01).The levels of PSP/reg 3 day after treatment in both severe and mild infection group were significantly lower than those before treatment (P ＜0.01),while the level of PSP/reg in severe infection group was higher than that in another group.After treatment,the levels of PSP/reg,PCT and CRP in the two infection groups were significantly decreased (P ＜0.01),and there was no significant difference between the two groups after healing (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The level of PSP/reg is correlated with the severity of neonatal bacterial infectious disease.The change of serum PSP/reg level may be useful in the evaluation of therapy in neonatal bacterial infection.

Objective:To observethe influence of electroacupuncture (EA) on histomorphologies of lacrimal glands, cornea and conjunctiva in experimental dry eye syndrome, and to explore the repair effects of EA on lacrimal glands and ocular surface damage. Methods:Twenty-four healthy male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, an EA group and a medication group, 6 rabbits in each group. Experimental dry eye syndrome models were prepared in rabbits by using 0.1% benzalkonium chloride for eye drops. Tear secretion volume, break-up time of tear film (BUT) and corneal fluorescein staining score were observed before and after the treatment. Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining method was used to observe the changes of conjunctival goblet cells in rabbits. After hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, morphological changes of rabbit cornea, conjunctiva and lacrimal gland tissues were observed under light microscope. Results: Compared with the normal group, tear secretion volume and BUT were significantly reduced (bothP<0.01), while the corneal fluorescein staining score was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the model group. Compared with the model group, tear secretion volume and BUT were significantly increased, while the corneal fluorescein staining score was significantly decreased in the EA group and the medication group (allP<0.01). Compared with the normal group, the number of conjunctival goblet cells in the model group was significantly reduced; compared with the model group, the numbers of conjunctival goblet cells were all relatively higher in the EA group and the medication group. Pathological lesions of cornea, conjunctiva and lacrimal glands all showed improvement by HE staining in the EA group and the medication group after the intervention. Conclusion:EA can improve tear secretion and tear film stability of rabbit dry eye syndrome, and repair the pathologic lesions of conjunctival goblet cells, corneal epithelia, cornea, conjunctiva and lacrimal glands.

Objective To investigate the current requirement of transitional care on surgical patients and provide evidences for the establishment of accurate transitional care on surgical patients.Methods A total of 363 cases of patients after the surgery in a grade A class three hospital in Guangzhou city of Guangdong province were selected using convenience sampling. Questionnaire of transitional care requirement in surgical patients was applied in the investigation of transitional care requirement.Results A total of 363 surgical patients from 10 wards were surveyed. 51.8% (188) of patients did not need others assistance; 54.0% (196) of patients completely met the needs with home care; the requirement of further consultation and disease related knowledge accounted for 72.7% (264) and 69.1% (251) of patients; for the "who provides the transitional care services", 53.7% (195) of patients chose the multidisciplinary team, while 17.4%(63)chose the specialist nurse; for the methods of transitional care, 62.5% (227) of patients preferred telephone follow-up, and 28.7% (104) of patients preferred WeChat and message exchange; 68.3% (248) of patients chose one month of follow-up, while 28.2% (106) of patients chose two months of follow-up.Conclusions The surgical patients have good self-care ability, but still need the transitional care. We should take multidisciplinary team and the specialist nurses as the dominant, and use telephone interview and WeChat SMS exchange for one or two months to provide accurate transitional care according to the evaluation results before the discharge.

Objective? To evaluate the effects of the "hospital-community-family" linked continuing care model dominated by nurses on the complication and self-care ability of patients receiving percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD). Methods? Totally 108 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice treated in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from May 2016 to March 2018 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into two groups according to the random number table. Patients in the treatment group (n=54) received the "hospital-community-family" linked continuing care, while patients in the control group (n=54) received conventional health education before discharge. The incidence rate of complications and patients' self-care ability 3 months post discharge were evaluated in the two groups. Results? The incidence rates of biliary tract infection, PTCD catheter obstruction or pullaway, wound infection and pipeline related hospitalization in the treatment group 3 months post discharge were 18.52%, 1.85%, 1.85% and 11.11% respectively, lower than those of the control group, 40.74%, 12.96%, 11.11% and 27.78% (χ2=8.000, 5.290, 4.182, 7.289; P＜0.05). The total score of self-care ability of the treatment group 3 months post discharge was (135.09±7.08), higher than that of the control group, which was (104.72±5.33), (t=25.174,P＜0.01). Conclusions? The "hospital-community-family" linked continuing care model dominated by nurses can reduce the incidence rate of catheter-associated complications after discharge in PTCD patients and enhance their self-care ability.

Food additives are a kind of chemical substances added to food to enhance the taste,color and shelf life of food,and have become an indispensable part of the modern food industry.However,growing researches showed that synthetic chemicals used as food additives can be potentially harmful to health.Some food additives may be closely related to asthma,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,heart disease,cancer,obesity and other health problems.In addition,some food additives may also interfere with hormone secretion,affect growth and development,and affect the healthy growth of children.This study reviews the damage effects of various food additives,such as preservatives,antioxidants,and colorants on body,and proposes the need to improve the safety evaluation of food additives from the perspective of the combined action of chemicals,in order to provide a scientific basis for food safety supervision and consumer health protection.