Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of the metabolic parameters for differentiating focal autoimmune pancreatitis (F-AIP) and pancreatic cancer (PC) by dual time 18F-FDG PET/CT scan.Methods Ten F-AIP patients and 20 PC patients in Changhai Hospital from May 2011 to November 2014 were enrolled in this study.All the AIP patients were histological confirmed or diagnosed by clinical follow up.The PC patients were histological confirmed and gender-and age-matched with F-AIP patients.50％ SUVmax was set as the threshold to fine-tune the boundary of interest.The extracted parameters included SUV SUV metabolic tumor volume (MTV),total lesion glycolysis (TLG),target-to-background ratio (TBR) and the retention indexes(RI) of all the parameters above.The PET/CT imaging features were also observed.Results The high metabolic lesions were observed in both F-AIP patients and PC patients.There were 6 F-AIP patients whose lesion was located in pancreas head,4 F-AIP patients whose lesion was located in pancreas body and tail.There were 12 PC patients whose lesion was located in pancreas head,8 PC patients whose lesion was located in pancreas body and tail.In F-AIP patients,2 cases had dilated pancreatic duct,6 had dilated biliary duct,8 had increased metabolism in mediastinal lymph node and 2 had abdominal lymphadenopathy,which were 8,5,5 and 14 cases in PC patients.The positive rate of mdeiastinal lymphadenopathy in F-AIP patients was statistically higher than that in PC patients,while the positivity rate of abdominal lymphadenopathy in AIP patients was lower than that in PC patients.The difference was statistically significant (both P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical differences on the positivity rate of the dilated pancreatic duct,intra-and extra-hepatic bile duct between two groups.SUVmax,SUVmean and MTV in F-AIP were 5.37 ± 0.88,3.48 ± 0.66,21.79 ±15.60 in early stage and 6.45 ±1.51,4.23 ± 1.10,19.36 ± 14.63 in delayed stage,and those in PC were 8.31 ±3.08,5.41±1.95,9.26±8.35 in early stage,and 9.75±3.86,6.36±2.56,9.09±10.71 in delayed stage.SUVmax and SUVmean in F-AIP were lower than those in PC,whereas MTV were larger in F-AIP than that in PC.ROC curves for SUVmax,SUVmean and MTV were made.The AUC of SUV was the highest at 0.85,the cut-off value was 4.45,the corresponding sensitivity was 65％ and the specificity was 90％.TLG,TBR and RI of all the parameters were not statistically different in F-AIP and PC.Conclusions The 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters,such as SUVmax,SUVmean,MTV,could be of special diagnostic significance in discriminating F-AIP from PC.

Objective To investigate the expression and function of retinoic acid-inducible gene Ⅰ(RIG-Ⅰ) in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) at different stages of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection and to explore the role of RIG-Ⅰ in the disease progression after HBV infection. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 28 hepatitis B virus-infected persons, including 21 cases of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and 7 of acute hepatitis B (AHB). Eighteen healthy subjects were recruited as controls. Purified CD14~+ monocytes were isolated by CD14 microbeads. MoDCs were induced from CD14~+ monocytes with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-4 for 7 days, and then were infected with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) to stimulate RIG-Ⅰ expression. The mRNA expression levels of RIG-Ⅰ, interferon (IFN )-promoter stimulating factor-1 (IPS-1) and IFN-β at 16 hours and 24 hours after infection with VSV were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data with normal distribution were tested by analysis of variance. Continuous variables between groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Comparison among multiple groups was done by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results The expression levels of RIG-Ⅰ in MoDCs from CHB patients were significantly lower than those in AHB patients and healthy controls at 16 hours (2.44±2.03, 19. 54±3. 15, 21. 48±8. 39, respectively; F=7.451,P=0.002) and 24 hours (2. 68±2. 93, 10. 31 ±3. 88, 14. 01 ±5. 04, respectively, F = 7. 908, P = 0. 001)following VSV stimulation. The IPS-1 levels in both CHB patients and AHB patients were higher than those in healthy controls at 16 hours (2. 05±l. 08, 1. 99±1. 56, 0. 60±0. 31, respectively) F=7.246,P =0.003) and 24 hours (2. 27±2. 16, 3.24 ± 1.21, 1. 08±0. 73, respectively; F= 13. 598, P = 0. 001).Furthermore, the IFN-β expression levels were significantly lower in CHB patients compared to AHB patients and healthy controls at 16 hours and 24 hours after VSV stimulation. Conclusions The expressions of RIG-Ⅰ and IPS-1 in MoDC are abnormal in HBV infected persons, which indicates that RIG-Ⅰ signaling pathway might be blocked by HBV. The impaired function of MoDC may play a role in HBV infection and chronicity.

Objective:To investigate the effect of luteolin(Lut)on the proliferation and ferroptosis of human adriamycin(ADR)resistant chronic myeloid leukemia(CML)K562/ADR cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods:K562 and K562/ADR cells were treated with different concentrations of ADR.The sensitivity of K562 and K562/ADR cells to ADR was evaluated by CCK-8 assay;the effect of different concentrations of Lut on the proliferation of K562/ADR cells was assessed by CCK-8 assay,and the half inhibitory concentration(IC50)was calculated for subsequent experiments;the morphological changes of the cells were observed by an inverted microscope;CCK-8 assay was used to examine the sensitizing effect of Lut on ADR;FCM assay was used to study the effect of Lut on the apoptosis of K562/ADR cells;fluorescence probe DCFH-DA,Fe2+colorimetric assay and glutathione(GSH)kit were used to detect the content of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Fe2+and GSH in K562/ADR cells,respectively;Western blotting was used to examine the expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4),nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in K562/ADR cells;the effects of Lut on the proliferation of K562/ADR cells,ROS content,GSH content,Fe2+content and GPX4 expression were studied after treatment with ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1). Results:Compared with control group(cells treated with 0 μmol/L Lut),Lut significantly inhibited the proliferation of K562/ADR cells(P＜0.001),improved the chemosensitivity of K562/ADR cells to ADR(P＜0.05),increased apoptosis rate(P＜0.001)and ROS level(P＜0.05)of K562/ADR cells,reduced the GSH level(P＜0.001),and increase Fe2+content(P＜0.01).Compared with control group(cells treated with 0 μmol/L Lut),the protein expressions of GPX4,Nrf2 and HO-1 decreased with the increase of Lut concentration(P＜0.05).Compared with the Lut treatment alone,the inhibitory effect on the proliferation of K562/ADR cells induced by Lut was partially restored by Fer-1 intervention(P＜0.05),and intracellular ROS level was decreased(P＜0.001),GSH level was increased(P＜0.001),Fe2+content was decreased(P＜0.001)and the expression of GPX4 was increased(P＜0.01)in K562/ADR cells. Conclusion:Lut can inhibit the proliferation of K562/ADR cells through ferroptosis pathway,improve the chemosensitivity to ADR,and the potential mechanism may be related to the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway,which provides experimental basis for the treatment of leukemia by ferroptosis.

Objective To evaluate it' s prognosis according to the follow-up statistics of coronary reimplantation of anomalous left coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA).Methods Analyze the preoperative,peri-operative and postoperative data of 20 ALCAPA patients having undergone coronary artery reimplantation.Results After coronary reimplantation,patient' s cardiothoracic ratio was obviously decreased,the degree of myocardial ischemia was improved according to electrocardiogram,the left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening showed a trend of rise,mostof the patients recover in 6 months to 1 year after coronary artery reimplantation.Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index over time gradually returned to normal,mitral regurgitation gradually.improved.Conclusion ALCAPA is rare and fatal,therefore it should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.It is also significant to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.After coronary reimplantation,cardiac function can be gradually restored with low mortality and good prognosis result.The left ventricularejection fraction of most patients recovers to the normal standard in six months to one year' s time.

Objective To explore the changes of whole brain white matter ( WM) structural net-work topological property in patients with schizophrenia (SP) and the associations between WM networks to-pological efficiency and clinical variables in patients. Methods Deterministic tractography was used to con-struct the WM networks of 59 patients with SP ( patients group) and 41 age-, handedness-, and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs),and graph theoretical methods were applied to investigate abnormalities in the global and nodal properties of the WM network in these patients. Partial correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between global and nodal properties of the WM network and clinical variables in pa-tients with SP. Results Both the patients with SP and HCs showed small-world organization of the WM net-works. However,compared with HCs,the patients with SP exhibited significant abnormal global topology,in-cluding increased shortest path length ( t=7. 95, P=0. 0001) and decreased global efficiency ( 30. 83 ± 16. 08,8. 25±6. 13,t=-9. 81,P=0. 002),clustering coefficiency (0. 03±0. 01,0. 02±0. 01,t=-4. 48,P=0. 0003),the average clustering coefficiency (t=-8. 28,P=0. 002),the small-worldness (3. 92±0. 79,2. 79 ±0. 56,t=-7. 82,P=0. 001) of their WM structural networks(all P<0. 005,FDR corrected). Further,the patients with SP showed a reduction in nodal efficiency predominately in the cingulate gyrus ( t=-4. 11, P=0. 000),superior occipital gyrus ( t=-6. 05, P=0. 002), superior temporal gyrus ( t=-10. 46, P=0. 001),middle temporal gyrus (t=-10. 38,P=0. 000),thalamus (t=-6. 10,P=0. 000) and putamen ( t=-8. 38,P=0. 000) (P<0. 005,FDR corrected). Partial correlation results showed that there was no signifi-cant correlation between global topological properties,node efficiency and clinical symptoms in patients group (Eglob:r=-0. 14,P=0. 279;Eloc:r=-0. 06,P=0. 628;Lp:r=0. 28,P=0. 031;Cp:r=0. 27,P=0. 043;λ:r=-0. 18,P=0. 166;γ:r=-0. 29,P=0. 026;σ:r=0. 26,P=0. 048;nEglob:r=0. 36,P=0. 005;nEloc:r=0. 02,P=0. 901). Conclusions The patients with SP exhibit the abnormal of whole brain WM structural network topological property and the node efficiencies of cortico-striato-thalamo circuitry are significantly re-duced.