Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of hepatic circadian clock gene in different types of circadian rhythm and the effect of isoflurane anesthesia on the expression of hepatic circadian clwk gene in mice.Methods Seventy-two male C57/B6 mice,aged 2 months,weighing 20-25 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =24 each):normal light/dark (LD) cycle group,reversal LD cycle group and anesthesia group.Normal LD cycle group and anesthesia groupwere maintained in a regular 12 h LD cycle with lights on at 8:00 am and off at 8:00 pm for 3 weeks,and in addition anesthesia was then performed with isoflurane in anesthesia group.Reversal LD cycle group was kept in an inverted12 h LD cycle with lights on at 8:00 pm and off at 8:00 am for 3 weeks.The natural time was converted to circadian time (CT) and the initial time was set at CT0.Isoflurane anesthesia group was exposed to 2％ isoflurane for 6 h during the wakening period from CT14 to CT20.The liver and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) were removed from mice at CT2,CT8,CT14 and CT20 for determination of Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression by real-time quantitative PCR.Results Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression in the liver and SCN showed rhythm in the two different types of circadian rhythm.Compared with that in SCN,the peak phase of Clock and Cry1 mRNA expression in livers was delayed in two different types of circadian rhythm.Isoflurane anesthesia caused a peak phase delay of Cry1 and Clock mRNA expression in livers as compared with normal LD cycle group.Conclusion Circadian clock gene in livers shows rhythmic expression in different types of circadian rhythm,and isoflurane anesthesia can cause a large peak phase delay of circadian clock gene expression in livers of mice.

Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diverticulum, Stomach ; complications ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Male

Objective To investigate spatial memory ability of intraperitoneal injection of resveratrol in a mice model of chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve(CCI).Methods Forty-four C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into 4 groups:sham group (n=14),CCI group (n=14),resveratrol pre-treatment group (i.p.resveratrol 100 mg/kg 30 minutes before CCI model,n=8) and resveratrol post-treatment group (i.p.resveratrol 100 mg/kg 14 days after CCI model,n =8).CCI group,resveratrol pre-treatment group and resveratrol post-treatment group were operated with the model of neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve.In shamoperated controls,an identical surgical procedure was performed,except that the sciatic nerve was not ligated.This was accomplished by using intellicage for mice by newbehavior to record their spatial memory after surgery.Results (l) Resveratrol pre-treatment group showed improved spatial memory ability compared with sham group and CCI group during day 17-21 (17 d:(55.80±7.66) ％,(51.20±7.94) ％ ; 18 d:(60.20±3.89) ％,(49.80±8.61) ％ ; 19 d:(62.20±7.25) ％,(51.20±6.83) ％ ;20 d:(63.00±9.69) ％,(48.40±8.84) ％ ;21 d:(56.80±7.52) ％,(47.20±4.54) ％)(P＜0.05),compared with CCI group.(2)From day 26,the spatial memory damage was observed in mice with CCI (26 d:(37.50±5.50)％,(51.80±9.01)％;27 d:(37.25±4.19)％,(51.20±5.76)％;28 d:(42.25± 3.50) ％,(52.80± 7.52) ％) (P＜ 0.05),compared with sham group.And this damage could be reversed by resveratrol,which was injected when the chronic pain was stable (26 d (46.60± 5.27) ％,27 d (54.00± 7.31) ％,28 d (52.60±4.39)％),compared with CCI group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve mice due to spatial memory impairment can be improved by resveratrol.

Objective To evaluated the early and mid-term results of arterial switch operation (ASO) for patients with intramural coronary artery.Methods From September 2008 to March 2012,75 patients underwent ASO at Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center for repair of transposition of the great arteries and Taussig-Bing anomaly.Among these patients,7patients (9.3％) had an intramural coronary artery.Mean age at operation was 2.4 months (2 days to 1 year) and mean body weight was(4.3 ±2.2) kg.The TGA and VSD in 3 cases,TGA/IVS in 2,and Taussig-Bing anomaly in 2.Among them 3 patients had an aortic arch anomaly,interruption of the aortic arch in 1 and coarctation of the aorta in 1.The individual coronary button technique was used in coronary transfer in 7 patients,of whom one patient required to unroof the intramural segment,an-other one required to unroof the intramural segment and enlarge with autologous pericardium the because of myocardial ischemia.There was 1 operative death because of low cardiac output syndrome.This patient underwent a coronary transfer combining aortic arch repair but without unroofing the stenotic intramural segment.The mortality was 14.2％.In the same period the mortality for 68 patients without an intramural coronary artery was 4.4％ (3/68).There was no statistical difference in mortalitv between the patients with and without an intramural coronary artery (P ＞ 0.05).Results 6 patients follow-up 4 to 47months.There was no late death.No intramural coronary artery obstruction was identified by cardiac computerize temography.All patients had normal ventricular function and were in NYHA class Ⅰ during follow-up.The intramural coronary artery is well known as a risk factor of ASO.Conclusion The technique of coronary transfer should be individually adapted to each anatomical situation.Individual technique for coronary transfer has excellent results.

Mycotic vaginitis is a common and frequently-occurring gynaecopathia and easy to attack repeatedly, so painful to patients. In this study, the authors observed the clinical efficacy of Sophora gel combined with Fluconazole capsules in treating mycotic vaginitis, in order to seek an effective method for treating mycotic vaginitis. Totally 85 patients with mycotic vaginitis treated in our hospital between December 2012 and July 2014 were randomly divided into the treatment group (43 patients) and the control group (42 patients). The treatment group was given vaginally Sophora gel (one piece every night for 14 days) and orally Fluconazole capsules (150 mg, once every three days, four times in total); The control group was only administered with Fluconazole capsules. The total efficacy, cure rate, recurrence rate and clinical symptom improvements of the two groups were observed. The results show that the total efficacy, the cure rate and the recurrence rate of the treatment group vs. the control group were respectively 97.7%, 90.7% and 2.6% vs. 83.3%, 71.4% and 20.0%, with statistical significance in their differences (P < 0.05). The treatment group showed reduced leucorrhea, pruritus vulvae disappearance and earlier mucosal hyperemia disappearance than the control group, with statistical significance in their differences (P < 0.05). In conclusion Sophora gel combined with Fluconazole capsules can improve antifungal activity of drugs, relieve clinical symptoms, shorten the course of disease, enhance the cure rate and reduce the recurrence rate; So this therapy can be widely applied in clinic.
Adult ; Antifungal Agents ; administration & dosage ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluconazole ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Mycoses ; drug therapy ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Treatment Outcome ; Vaginitis ; drug therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the results of surgical treatment for patients with heterotaxy syndrome and cardiac anomaly.Methods From September 2008 to October 2013,34 patients with heterotaxy syndrome underwent 46 cardiac operations at Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center.22 were male,and 12 female.Mean age at operation was 22 months (4 months to 14 year).There were right atrial isomerism 24 cases,left atrial isomerism 10 cases.Only one had a single VSD,and others were all with complex cardiac anomaly,including complete atrioventricular canal defect 26 cases,tricuspid atresia 4 cases,mitral atresia 1 case,anomalous pulmonary venous connection 18 cases,pulmonary venous stenosis 4 cases,double superior vena cava 17 cases,and interrupted hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava 5 cases.Fontan procedure was performed in 5 patients,bidirectional Glenn in 13,Kawashima in 3,central shunt in 1,atrioventricular valve replacement in 5,and pulmonary artery banding in 5.Results There were 4 died during hospitalization.The follow-up duration was 1 month to 5 years.There were 2 died.The early to middle term mortality was 17.6％ (6/34).In the same period the mortality for 103 patients without heterotaxy syndrome underwent univentricular repair was 4.8％ (5/103).There was significant statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Right heart bypass operation remains the preferred palliative procedure for patients with heterotaxy syndrome,and the eraly and middle term results were satisfied.

Objective To review the outcomes of atrioventricular valve replacement in patients with functional single ventricle and evaluate risk factors for mortality.Methods Retrospectively reviewed our experience with atrioventricular valve (AVV replacement) in patients with functional single ventricle from January 2008 to December 2014.Outcome included mortality and valve-related complications.Results Thirteen patients required AVV replacement.Prosthetic valve type was St.Jude bileaflet mechanical mitral valve.Valve size ranged from 27 to 31 mm,including 27 mm in 2,29 mm in 7,and 31 mm in 4 patients.Median age at valve replacement was 4.5 years(range:1.2 years to 18.0 years).Concomitant procedures included bidirectional Glenn shunt in 3,pulmonary artery banding in 1,and repair of pulmonary vein stenosis in 1 patient.There were four early deaths with a perioperative mortality of 30.8％.Complications after AAV replacement included complete atrioventricuiar block in 1,intracerebral hemorrhage in 1 patient due to valve-related anticoagulation.No patient had perivalvular leakage.There was one late death during a mean follow-up of 3 years (range:0.5-5.0 years).Five-year Kaplan-Meier survival was 61.5％.Fisher exact probability test showed that lower weight(＜ 10 kg) at operation and prosthetic size/weight ratio ＞ 2.0 were risk factors for overall mortality.Of the survival patients,functional status is NYHA class Ⅰ in 3,class Ⅱ in 5.No patient developed valve-related complications.Conclusion Atrioventricular valve replacement can be performed in patients with functional single ventricle with acceptable mortality.Lower weight and increased prosthetic size/weight ratio at operation were significantly associated with worse survival.

Background Researches showed that as the non-optical factors,cognitive has certain influence on the regulating system.So accurately experimental design is one of the key steps that evaluates the non-optical factors on regulating system.Objective The present study was to investigate the influence of presenting pattern of target and watching way on the level and amplitude of accommodative fluctuate and to analyze the effect of focus gaze of cognitive on regulating system and the relationship between focus gaze condition under near work and the development of myopia.Methods This study complied with Declaration of Helsinki,and the permission of Ethic Committee and written informed consent was obtained before entering in this trial.Thirty healthy volunteers were included with the mean age (24.80 ± 1.98) years old,equivalent refractive diopter (-1.92 ± 2.02) D and mean cylinder (-0.19±0.58) D.The presenting pattern of the targets was designed as focus gaze and relaxed gaze.The accommodative response and accommodative fluctuation in the complete corrected right eyes for the different targets at the 40 cm under the gazing state was recorded with Grand Seiko WAM 5500 automatic infrared refractor in the experiment.Results The mean accommodative response value was (1.86±0.26) D under the focus gaze and (1.27±0.39) D under the relax gaze,showing a statistically significant difference (t=-8.052,P=0.000).The mean fluctuate value was(0.17±0.06) D under the focus gaze,with a significant lowing in comparison with (0.28±0.17) D under the relax gaze (t =3.600,P =0.001).Conclusions These results demonstrate that the different presenting patterns of sighting target and watching ways of the subjects affect accommodation system.The accommodative response was relatively more accurate with a smaller microwavc moving under the focus gaze condition.

Objective: To understand the in vivo metabolic fate of 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) naturally existed in many medicinal herbs and food plants such as Rhus chinensis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonia lactiflora and Mango. Methods: The metabolites of PGG in rat biofluids were characterized using high performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Results: Ten metabolites in urine, five metabolites in feces and two metabolites in plasma, were observed when the rats were administrated with a single intravenous injection of PGG (20 mg/kg). Conclusion: PGG is firstly metabolized to gallic acid, then gallic acid undergoes sulfation, glucuronidation and methylation by rat liver. The determination of metabolites and the proposed metabolic pathway of PGG in vivo will be benefit to gain deeper insights into its pharmacological activities.

Objective To investigate the effects of extracellular ATP on the expression of(Mi- crotubule associated proteins MAP-2)and the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury in rats. Methods Six rats were selected randomly from 66 adult healthy Wistar rats as the normal control group,the rest animals were divided into two groups after contusion injury was performed by drop weight method with Allen impactor:Group A(ATP group)and Group B(control group),each group contained thirty rats.At days 1,3,7,14,and 28 after injury,the rats were killed,the expression of MAP-2 was detected with immunohistochemistry.The expression of MAP-2 in the adjacent area was quantitatively an- alyzed with a computer image analysis system.The recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury was assessed with improved Tarlov scores.Results The expression of MAP-2 was higher in Group A than in Group B after spinal cord injury in rats.Significant difference was revealed by the expression of MAP- 2 between the two groups at days 14 and 28 after injury(P