Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a potent chemotactic and mitogenic factor, is involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis and platelet production. Our studies demonstrate the presence of functional PDGF receptors (PDGFR) on human megakaryocytes/platelets and CD34(+) cells, and their ability to mediate a mitogenic response. PDGF promotes the ex vivo expansion of human hematopoietic stem (CD34(+)) and progenitor (CD41(+)) cells. More significantly, PDGF enhances the engraftment of human CD45(+) cells and their myeloid subsets (CD33(+), CD14(+) cells) in NOD/SCID mice. PDGF also stimulates in vitro megakaryocytopoiesis via PDGFR and/or the indirect effect on bone marrow microenvironment to produce TPO and other cytokines. It also shows a direct stimulatory effect of PDGF on c-Fos, GATA-1 and NF-E2 expressions in megakaryocytes. We speculate that these transcription factors may be involved in the signal transduction of PDGF on the regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis. PDGF also enhances platelet recovery in mouse model with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia. This radioprotective effect is likely to be mediated via PDGFR with subsequent activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. It provides a possible explanation that blockage of PDGFR may reduce thrombopoiesis and play a role in imatinib mesylate-induced thrombocytopenia.
Animals ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Megakaryocytes ; cytology ; Mice ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Thrombopoiesis

Objective To investigate the effect of salvia mihiorrhiza on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury after surgical treatment in patients with cervical canal stenosis. Methods Retrospective analysis of 64 cases had cervical canal stenosis in the last 5 years in our hospital. Sixty-four cases were randomly divided into the salvia mihiorrhiza group(31 cases)and the control group(33 cases). The therapeutic effect was assessed using JOA grade system. Results In the salvia mihiorrhiza group,the JOA average score was 8. 8 ±2. 6 before surgical treatment, after two weeks of surgical treatment it was 13. 7 ± 2. 4. The JOA improvement ratio was (61. 5 ± 2. 9) % . In the control group,the JOA average score was 9. 1 ±2. 2 before surgical treatment,after two weeks of surgical treatment it was 13. 4 ± 2. 3. The JOA improvement ratio was (60. 5 ± 2.2)% .The JOA improvement ratio in the salvia mihiorrhiza group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0. 05) . Conclusions Salvia mihiorrhiza has protective effect on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To evaluate the feeding effect of semi-demand feeding and abdominal massage on the feeding process, feeding performances and clinical safety (including the time of returning to birth weight, feeding tolerance, apnea). Methods A total of 120 preterm infants that met inclusion criteria of the study were randomly assigned to three groups, and each group had 40 cases. Control group:received standard feeding care. Semi-demand feeding group: received 5-10 minutes of oral motor intervention every time before feeding(including oral stimulation and non nutritional sucking), then decided feeding methods according to its consciousness behavior state. Semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group: received both semi-demand feeding and abdominal massage before feeding. Observed and recorded the three groups′ transition time, whether there were statistically significant differences in feeding performance and clinical safety. Results The feeding transition time was (11.55± 4.69), (10.98±3.85), (8.50±3.87)d in control group, semi-demand feeding group and semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group, and there were significant differences (F=6.088, P=0.003). In terms of feeding performance, the feeding efficiency were (7.27 ± 2.65), (9.74 ± 2.63), (9.52 ± 2.13) ml/min, the feeding proficiency were (66.31 ± 14.51)%, (76.64 ± 12.46)%, (82.26 ± 10.65)%, the volume transfer were (63.99 ± 11.02)%, (80.16 ± 14.41)%, (84.97 ± 11.16)% in control group, semi-demand feeding group and semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group, and there were significant differences (F=12.189, 16.383, 31.959, all P < 0.01).Among the clinical safety, the time of restoration of birth weight were (10.55 ± 1.99), (9.28 ± 1.77), (10.05 ± 2.46) d in control group, semi-demand feeding group and semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage group, and there were significant differences(F=3.759, P=0.026). The incidence of feeding intolerance were 50.0%(20/40), 40.0%(16/40), 22.5%(9/40), and there were significant differences(χ2=6.613, P=0.037). The incidence of apnea were 37.5%(15/40), 20.0%(8/40), 15.0%(6/40), and there were significant differences(χ2=6.093, P=0.048). Conclusions The combined intervention methods could accelerate the feeding process, improve feeding performance as well as reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance and apnea. Hence, semi-demand feeding combined abdominal massage is a recommended choice for clinical use.

Objective To analyze the incidence trends and epidemiological characteristics of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Zibo City between 2004 and 2015,and to provide evidence for control and prevention of the diseases.Method Surveillance data of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Zibo City between 2004 and 2015 from the National Disease Reporting Information System were analyzed via descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 10 natural foci and vector borne infectious diseases and 3 287 cases including 55 death cases were reported in Zibo City from 2004 to 2015.The average annual incidence was 6.24/100 000 and the case fatality rate was 1.67％ (55/3 287).The incidence rate increased in recent years after the lowest rate in 2009 (2.83/100 000),and the rate in 2015 was 8.83/100 000.The top three diseases with higher incidence were hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (3.44/100 000),brucellosis (1.48/100 000) and tsutsugamushi fever (0.53/100 000).The top three high-prevalence areas with higher incidence were Yiyuan County (13.22/100 000),Zichuan District (9.73/100 000) and Boshan District (6.13/100 000).The cases mainly occurred from March to May and September,October,which accounting for 27.47％ (903/3 287) and 24.64％ (810/3 287),respectively of the total.The 40-59 year-oldage group was the highest,accounting for 48.13％ (1 582/3 287)of the total.And 75.48％ (2 481/3 287) of reported cases were farmers.Conclusions The overall incidence of the natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Zibo City has a annual increasing trend in recent years,while the incidence of brucellosis and tsutsugamushi fever have continued to rise since 2004.These diseases have showed a significant seasonal distribution and population distribution.It is necessary to conduct targeted prevention and control strategies.

Objective To compare the treatment effects between lymphatic chemotherapy and regional extended release chemotherapy (RERC) for rectal cancer lymph node metastasis. Methods The lymph nodes at or beside colon (first station), beside (second station) and at the root of mesentery blood vessel (third station) of the patients with rectal cancer in control group (20 cases), lymphatic chemotherapy group (20 cases) and RERC group (20 cases) were removed to compare proliferation index (PI), apoptotic index (AI) and AL/PI of cancer cells in the lymph nodes. Results The PI, AI, and AI/PI of cancer cells in correspondent lymph nodes were not statistically different between lymphatic chemotherapy group and the other 2 groups (F=4.973-7.394, 5.372-8.694, 4.527-5.436, P<0.05; t=3.128-7.688, 3.388-9.615, 6.518-13.180, P<0.05). The PI, AI, and AI/PI of cancer cells in the first and second station lymph nodes in RERC group were significantly different from those in control group (t=5.103, 4.927; 6.938, 6.450; 8.839, 9.021; P<0.05), and from those in the third station lymph nodes in RERC group (F=6.572, 8.964, 5.845, P<0.05; t=3.505, 3.353; 5.397, 4.701; 9.039, 8.629; P<0.05). Sorted by the treatment effects for cancer cells in lymph nodes, the first is each station of the lymphatic chemotherapy group, followed by the first and second station of the RERC group, and then the third station of the RERC group which was almost equal to any station of the control group. Conclusion Lymphatic chemotherapy is better than RERC in the treatment of rectal lymph node metastasis in the aspect of scale and degree.

Objective: To compare blood levels of NT-proBNP and uric acid (UA) in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: A prospective research was conducted in 288 acute dyspnea patients treated in our hospital from 2010-06 to 2015-05. The patients were divided into 2 groups based on clinical diagnosis: PTE group,n=107 and CHF group, n=181. Blood levels of NT-proBNP and UA were examined in all patients, statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 17.0 software, independent samplet test or variance analysis were used to make comparison between 2 groups. Results: There were more male patients as 64/107 (59.8%) in PTE group and 103/181 (56.9%) in CHF group. Compared with CHF group, PTE group had the lower blood levels of NT-proBNP (2421.7±1678.1) pg/ml vs (6964.3±3873.1) pg/ml and UA (340.6±121.3) μmol/L vs (492.1±166.2) μmol/L, allP<0.01. Conclusion: In our research, blood levels of NT-proBNP and UA were lower in PTE patients than CHF patients; with general background, such phenomenon might be helpful to distinguish PTE and CHF in acute dyspnea patients in clinical practice.

Objective To analyze the features of nerve conduction in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),and explore the correlation between compound muscle action potential (CMAP)amplitude and disease duration and revised amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale (ALSFRSR).Methods Standard motor and sensory nerve conduction studies were performed in 154 patients with ALS.The following parameters were collected including CMAP amplitude,distal motor latency (DML),motor conduction velocity,sensory conduction velocity and sensory nerve action potential amplitude.Regression study was done to explore the correlation between CMAP amplitude and disease duration and ALSFRS-R.Results Motor nerve conduction abnormalities were presented in a majority of the patients with prolonged DML in the tibial nerve,median nerve and ulnar nerve as the most common form (61.06％-81.42％),followed by decreased CMAP amplitude (30.12％-53.98％),decreased MCV (12.05％-16.81％) and absence of CMAP (2.65％-9.73％).Sensory nerve conduction abnormalities were detected in a small proportion of patients and the decreased SCV,decreased SNAP amplitude and absence of SNAP in the sural nerve,median nerve and ulnar nerve were found in 1.22％-2.73％,0-1.82％ and 0-1.22％patients respectively.No correlation was found between CMAP of the common peroneal nerve,tibial nerve,median nerve and ulnar nerve and the disease duration (P ＞ 0.05),while significant positive correlation was established between CMAP amplitude of the median nerve and ulnar nerve and ALSFRS-R (r =0.273,P =0.016;r =0.357,P =0.001).Conclusions Motor nerve conduction is abnormal in a majority of ALS patients with prolonged DML as the most common form,while abnormal sensory nerve conduction is only found in a few of ALS patients.CMAP amplitude of the median nerve and ulnar nerve might be of certain clinical value in evaluating the severity of ALS.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestation, diagnosis and prognosis of Leigh syndrome in children. Method Clinical data from 4 cases of Leigh syndrome conifrmed by genetic testing were retrospectively analyzed. The related literature were reviewed. Results In 4 cases, 3 were boys and one was a girl, 3 cases were onset in infant and one case was in school age. The main manifestations were mental retardation, low muscle tone, convulsions, feeding dififculties, drooping eyelids, extraocular muscle paralysis and nystagmus, irritation, activity intolerance etc. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed symmetry long T1, T2 abnormal signal in brainstem, bilateral globus pallidus, thalamus, cerebellar dentate nuclei, and periaqueductal, 3 cases involved midbrain, one case involved thalamus, and one case involved cerebellar dentate nuclei;2 cases had encephalatrophy. Electromyography was normal in all cases. The levels of lactate in blood and cerebrospinal lfuid were increased. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) detection found the mutation of mtDNA 8993 T>G in one case, and the mutation of mtDNA 9176 T>C in another 3 cases. The case onset in school age died of respiratory failure one month later, and another 3 cases were still in follow up, there were mental retardation, but no signiifcant setback. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of Leigh syndrome in children are diverse. The diagnosis is based on the typical clinical manifestations and MRI, blood and/or cerebrospinal lfuid lactate levels. The genetic testing is the golden standard for diagnosis.

Objective To examine the expression levels of cyclin Dl in the patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and evaluate the pathogenesis and clinical significance of cyclin Dl in CML Methods The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) was performed to detect the expression levels of cyclin Dl in the bone marrow samples of 18 patients with CML, and 16 samples of benign hemopoietic patients. The relationship between the expression levels of cyclin Dl and the progression and prognosis of patients with CML were analyzed. Results The level of cyclin Dl was higher expressed in 18 patients with CML than the control group (P <0.001). The levels of cyclin Dl was apparently higher expressed in accelerated phase /blast crisis phase than in chronic phase (P <0.05). And the RQ-PCR method showed the tendency that a significant increase was observed in the levels of cyclin Dl from 0.1980 in control group to 1.4002 in chronic phase and 5.4540 in accelerated phase /blast crisis phase. Conclusion The cyclin Dl overexpressed in CML, the roles of cyclin Dl in CML might be an oncogene expressed. The expression level is correlated with the progression and prognosis of patients with CML.

Objective To study the effects of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and nitric oxide(NO) in post-asphyxial renal injury in neonatal rats.Methods Forty-eight Wistar neonatal rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:controls,2 h,24 h and 48 h post-asphyxia groups (12 in each group).The rats were decapitated in different times(2 h,24 h and 48 h) after asphyxia for 30 minutes.The renals were dissected to determined the concentrations of NO and NOS.And the scores of renal tubules were measured under light microscope.Results Compared with control group,the levels of NO and NOS significantly increased at 2 h and 24 h after asphyxia.The scores of renal tubules were significant difference at 24 h and 48 h after asphyxia compared to controls.Conclusion These findings suggest NOS and NO may play an important role in the development of post-asphyxia renal injury.