In order to observe the effect of the immune and weight of chickens after use the attenuated vaccine with low dose of chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV). In this study, the effects of low dose of CIAV on the weight of SPF chickens and NDV antibody production were observed by simulated experiments. The results showed that 10 EID50 and 5 EID50 CIAV per plume attenuated NDV vaccines were used to cause the weight loss of SPF chickens. Compared with the use of the non contaminated vaccine group, it has significant difference. And NDV antibody levels compared with the use of the non contaminated groups also decreased after use the vaccine with two doses of CIAV contaminated. It has significant difference. A certain proportion of CIAV antibody positive was detected at the beginning of the second week after use the NDV vaccine with two doses of CIAV contaminated. The detection of a high proportion of CIAV nucleic acid was detected in the first week after the use of a contaminated vaccine. The results of the study demonstrate the effects of CIAV pollution on the production and immune function of SPF chickens, and it is suggested that increasing the detection of viral nucleic acid can help save time and improve the detection rate in the detection of exogenous virus contamination by SPF chicken test method.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Chicken anemia virus ; genetics ; immunology ; physiology ; Chickens ; Circoviridae Infections ; immunology ; veterinary ; virology ; Poultry Diseases ; immunology ; virology ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology

Objective Cloning and expression of Par6A.Methods Par6A cDNA was amplified from rat L6 skeletal muscle cells by RT-PCR and the cloning and expression vectors of Par6A were constructed.The expression vector was transfected into 293 cells.Furthermore,the function of Par6A was confirmed by Co-immunoprecipitation.Results Par6A cDNA with approximately 1 kb in length was successfully amplified,and the expression vector of pDsRed-Express-N1-Par6A was constructed.The red fluorescene was seen under fluorescent microscope after 293ET cells were transfected for 24 h using the pDsRed-Express-N1-Par6A vector.The expressed Par6A protein can interacte with PKC?.Conclusion We successfully cloned the Par6A cDNA from rat L6 skeletal muscle cells,which provided a reliable method to study the function of Par6A.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of extremely low frequency sinusoidal magnetic fields on hydrolysis of F(0)F(1)-ATPase and its mechanism.

METHODSThe F(0)F(1)-ATPases which was localized on the outer surface of chromatophores were prepared from the cells of Rhodospirillum rubrum and were exposed to 0.1 approximately 0.5 mT, 4.7 approximately 96.0 Hz magnetic fields.

RESULTSThe hydrolysis activity of F(0)F(1)-ATPase was stimulated by 0.5 mT, 4.7, 12.0, 60.0, 72.0, 84.0 and 96.0 Hz magnetic fields respectively and inhibited by 0.5 mT, 24.0 Hz magnetic field (P < 0.05); 0.3 mT, 4.7, 24.0 and 60.0 Hz magnetic fields also distinctly affected F(0)F(1)-ATPases activity respectively (P < 0.05), whereas 0.1 mT exposure caused no significant changes on that activity. When the hydrolysis activity of the F(0)F(1)-ATPases was inactivated by its inhibitor DCCD, the 0.5 mT, 24.0 Hz magnetic field still inhibited the hydrolysis activity of the F(0)F(1)-ATPase and 0.5 mT, 60.0 Hz magnetic field also had stimulating effects (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe effects of magnetic fields on the hydrolysis activity of the F(0)F(1)-ATPases depend on not only magnetic frequency but also magnetic intensity. The threshold of magnetic intensity is between 0.1 mT and 0.3 mT. F(0)F(1)-ATPases, especially F1-portion may be an end-point of magnetic fields.

Hydrolysis ; radiation effects ; Magnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Proton-Translocating ATPases ; metabolism ; Rhodospirillum rubrum ; enzymology

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and postoperative complications of arthrotomy and arthroscopy in repair of 170 menisci in 168 cases.Methods One hundred and sixty-eight patients with meniscus injury were repaired by arthrotomy or arthroscopy.They were 121 males and 47 females.There were 77 left knees and 91 right knees;117 medial menisci and 53 lateral ones.Their average age was 25.5?8.4 years old.Arthro- scopic repair methods included puncture and grinding,bio-absorbable meniscus arrow fixation,Outside-In suturing, Inside-Out suturing,Elite scuff instrument repairing,T-Fix fixation and FasT-Fix fixation techniques.The clinical results were assessed on the basis of symptoms,physical signs,Tegner scores and Lysholm scores of the cases. Postoperative complications were also investigated.Re-arthroscopic exploration was done for patients with obvious symptoms and physical signs.Results The average folluw-up time was 49.3?28.8 months.Their mean pre- operative Tegner score was 3.3?2.3,and their postoperative one 6.8?2.1 (P＜0.05).Their preoperative Lysholm score was 30.1?18.2,and their postoperative one 87.5?22.5 (P＜0.01).There were significant differences in Tegner and Lysholm scores before operation and after operation.Ninety-eight repaired menisci were rated as excellent(57.7%),57 as good (33.5%),10 as fair (5.9%),and five as poor (2.9%).The total ex- cellent and good result was 91.2%.Of the 19 patients with obvious symptoms and physical signs,re-arthroscopic exploration found no healing in five and partial healing in six.Postoperative complications included pain at the Outside-In suture nodes in three cases,referred pain at posterior articular capsule resulted from failed Outside-In meniscus anterior horn suturing in one case,and twinge at the meniscus arrow site in the posterior capsule in five cases.No serious lesion occurred at blood vessels or nerves.The postoperative complication incidence was 5.3%. Conclusion The eight methods of arthrotomy and arthroscopy to repair injured menisci investigated in our study can have a high successful rate and low perioperative and postoperative risk.

We studied on the bio-safety problem of cultivating innovative talents in medical microbiology. The bio-safety of laboratory was controlled by educating bio-safety before the experiments, regulating basic operations during the experiments and constructing management system out of the experiments. Then we got some experience to ensure students’ bio-safety during the research.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) on α(1)-adrenergic receptors and the role of alpha(1)-adrenergic receptors in the protection of CIHH against ischemic injury of myocardium. Sixty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (Con), 14-day CIHH treatment group (CIHH14), 28-day CIHH treatment group (CIHH28) and 42-day CIHH treatment group (CIHH42). CIHH rats were exposed to hypoxia mimicking 5 000 m altitude (p(B)=404 mmHg, p(O(2))=84 mmHg) in a hypobaric chamber, 6 h daily for 14, 28 and 42 d, respectively. Control animals lived in the same environment as CIHH animals except hypoxia exposure. After anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital (3.0-3.5 mL/kg body weight, i.p.), papillary muscle was taken from the right ventricle of rat and perfused with modified Tyrode's solution continuously, at constant temperature (37 °C) and perfusion speed (12 mL/min). Muscle contraction was evoked by electric stimuli. Different concentrations (1x10(-7), 1x10(-6) and 1x10(-5) mol/L) of phenylephrine (PE), an alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor agonist, were applied cumulatively to investigate the effect of PE on the mechanic contraction of right ventricular papillary muscles of rats in Con, CIHH14, CIHH28 and CIHH42 groups. Also, prazosin (1x10(-6) mol/L), an α(1)-adrenergic receptor antagonist, was used to investigate the role of α(1)-adrenergic receptor in the protective effect of CIHH on papillary muscle. The results showed: (1) PE increased the maximal isometric tension (P(max)) and maximal velocity of tension development (P(dT/dt)) of muscle contraction in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), and the increase of the muscle contraction was much greater in CIHH28 and CIHH42 rats than that in Con rats (P<0.05). Under 1x10(-5) mol/L of PE, the increases of P(max) and P(dT/dt) over the baseline were 51.2% and 44.5% in CIHH28 group, 48.6% and 44.5% in CIHH42 group, and 28.7% and 24.5% in Con group, respectively; (2) The contraction of papillary muscle decreased during simulated ischemia, but the decrease was slighter in CIHH rats than that in Con rats (P<0.05). The decreases in P(max) and P(dT/dt) were 59.6% and 53.6% in CIHH28 group, 60.4% and 49.9% in CIHH42 group, and 74.4% and 64.7% in Con group, respectively; (3) The protective effect of CIHH on ischemic papillary muscle was abolished by prazosin (1x10(-6) mol/L). The results of the present study suggest that CIHH increases the activity of α(1)-adrenergic receptor, which is possibly one of the mechanisms for the cardioprotection of CIHH.
Altitude ; Animals ; Heart Ventricles ; physiopathology ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Papillary Muscles ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 ; metabolism

The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of two different modes of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in developing rat hearts. Postnatal male sprague-Dawley rats (n=72) were divided randomly into 3 groups: intermittent hypoxia at 3 000 m (IHH3000) group, intermittent hypoxia at 5 000 m (IHH5000) group and control group. The isolated hearts were perfused in the Langendorff apparatus, undergoing 30 min of global ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion. Cardiac function, coronary flow and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were recorded at 5 min before ischemia and 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 min during reperfusion, respectively. The heart weight was measured at the end of the experiment. The results showed that: (1) There was no difference in body weight gaining between IHH3000 and control groups. The gain of body weight in IHH5000 group was much lower than that in IHH3000 and control groups (P<0.01). (2) Compared with that in the control group, the recovery of cardiac function in IHH3000 group was enhanced at 60 min after ischemia/reperfusion, coronary flow was increased, and LDH activity was decreased (P<0.05), meaning a cardioprotective effect occurred. There was no significant difference in heart weight between IHH3000 and control groups. In addition, cardiac function restored better in IHH3000 group after 42 d of hypoxic exposure than that after 28 d of hypoxic exposure (P<0.05). (3) Compared with that in the control group, the recovery of cardiac function in IHH5000 group was lower, coronary flow was decreased, and LDH activity was increased (P<0.05). There was a hypertrophy in the right ventricle in IHH5000 group. All changes indicated definitely that a detrimental effect developed in IHH5000 group. The results suggest that proper IHH can protect developing rat hearts against ischemia/reperfusion injury while this effect could be affected by the modes of intermittent hypoxic exposure.
Animals ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Hypoxia ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Protective Agents ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the arthroscopic procedure on the patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation.

METHODSFrom January 2001 to March 2006,52 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation were treated by arthroscopy. Among them 44 patients were followed up for 12 to 54 months(on average of 26 months). The data of the 44 patients was reviewed. Three evaluation systems, University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Scores (UCLA), Simple Shoulder Test (SST) and Dawson, were used. The study evaluated the effect based on the Dawson system by the factors as: age, course of the disease, frequency of dislocation and relocation methods and the range of shoulder movement.

RESULTSThe ratio of recurrent dislocation after operation was 4.5%. Assessing through 3 evaluation systems, UCLA, SST and Dawson, results were similar: the follow-up evaluation were extraordinarily different from preoperative assessment, and the rating of good or excellent at the time of the final follow-up reached 91% higher. Based on the Dawson system, the evaluation results had no statistic diversity according to such factors as: age, course of the disease, frequency of dislocation and relocation methods.

CONCLUSIONSThe effects of arthroscopic surgery to the recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation are satisfied and evidence-proved. It is a good option for both common patients and athletes.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Arthroscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder Dislocation ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

AIMTo elucidate the effect of CIHH on cellular immunity and humoral immunity in rat by using flow cytometry method, immunohistochemistry method and electron microscopy techniques.

METHODSForty-eight male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control(CON) group, 14 days CIHH (CIHH14) group, 28 days CIHH (CIHH28) group, 42 days CIHH (CIHH42) group. The animals in CIHH groups were exposed to 14, 28 and 42 days hypobaric hypoxia(simulated 3 000 m altitude, 5 h per day), respectively. Half of the animals in each group was treated with normaxia and the other half animals were treated with acute hypoxia for 1 h. CD3, CD4, CD8 T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, IgG, cortisol, epirenamine and C-reactive protein were examined. The weight and ultrastructure of thymus and spleen were observed.

RESULTS(1) Compared with CON, both indexes of thymus and spleen in CIHH14 rats were increased significantly. Spleen index, but not thymus index, was increased in CIHH28 and CIHH42 rats. The thymocytes and spleen cytes in rat were injuryed during acute hypoxia, but the damage in CIHH rats was significant slighter than that in CON rats. (2) Compared with CON, CIHH28 and CIHH42, CD8 in CIHH14 rats were decreased, ratios of CD4/CD8 was increased and NK was decreased. (3) The rats of CON during acute hypoxia showed that CD4 was increased, CD8 was decreased, ratio of CD4/CD8 was elevated, and NK was increased. But there were no significant changes of CD3, CD4, CD8 and NK in CIHH28 and CIHH42 animals during acute hypoxia. (4) Compared with CON, CIHH28 and CIHH42, cortisol in CIHH14 rats was increased obviously, Epirenamine, cortisol and C-reactive protein in CON rats were increased, but there were no obvious changes in CIHH rats before and after acute hypoxia.

CONCLUSIONCIHH protects the immune function of rat against acute hypoxia, which is related with the regulation of neuroendocrine.

Altitude Sickness ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Atmospheric Pressure ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Immunity, Cellular ; physiology ; Immunity, Humoral ; physiology ; Male ; Neuroimmunomodulation ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spleen ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Thymus Gland ; immunology