ObjectiveTo explore the relative factors of the compliance in schizophrenic out-patients.Methods118 schizophrenic out-patients chosen randomly were investigate with the compliance and assessed with Clinical Global Impression-Severity of Illness (CGI-SI), Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) by telephone. Logistic regression analysis was used to confirm the relative factors of the compliance.Results56.8% of all patients were of full compliance. The risk factors of compliance in schizophrenic out-patients were the frequency of medicine taken, the scores of CGI-SI and the insight of the illness. ConclusionIt is important to choose effective and convenient antipsychotic drugs and improve the insight of the illness to enhance the compliance of the schizophrenic out-patients.

Objective To study the relationship between Caspase-12 expression and the hyperoxia-induced corpus callosum damage. Methods A total of 12 groups of C57 / BL6 mice were randomly assigned into hyperoxia group (80% O2 ) and control group (21% O2 ) at day 6 after birth (P6). The pups were sacrificed after 24 h and 48 h of hyperoxia exposure and at P10, P12, P15 and P30. Immunohistochemical ( IHC) method was used to detect the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in corpus callosum. Real-time PCR, Western Blot and IHC were used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein of Caspase-12 in corpus callosum. The corpus callosum apoptosis was measured using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling ( TUNEL ) method. Results The expression of MBP in hyperoxia group were significantly lower than the control group at P10 and P12 (P = 0. 004 and 0. 016); however, no significant differences existed between the two groups at P15 and P30 (P > 0. 05). The expression of Caspase-12 mRNA after 24 h and 48 h hyperoxia exposure were significantly higher than the control group [24 h: (1. 549 ± 0. 098) vs. (1. 080 ± 0. 101); 48 h:(1. 333 ± 0. 076) vs. (1. 022 ± 0. 089); P < 0. 05]. The expression of cleaved Caspase-12 protein after 24 h and 48 h hyperoxia exposure were also significantly higher than the control group [24 h: (1. 582 ± 0. 010) vs. (0. 994 ± 0. 078); 48 h: (1. 370 ± 0. 095) vs. (0. 978 ± 0. 069); P < 0. 05] . The Caspase-12 positive cell were significantly increased after 24 h and 48 h hyperoxia exposure comparing with the control group. The apoptosis index in hyperoxia group was significantly higher than the control group at P10 and P12 [P10: (18. 742 ± 2. 503) vs. (4. 587 ± 2. 353); P12 (36. 184 ± 3. 655) vs. (5. 351 ± 2. 678); P < 0. 05]. Conclusions Hyperoxia exposure induces corpus callosum damage in newborn mice. Over-expressed Caspase-12 may induce corpus callosum cell apoptosis excessively.

Objective To retrospectively evaluate different methods (laboratory tests,liver / gallbladder ultrasound and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography)in differentiating biliary atresia from infant hepatitis syndrome.Methods Seventy infants with cholestatic jaundice,50 cases of biliary atresia and 20 cases of infant hepatitis syndrome were studied prospectively from January 2010 to December 2012.All cases underwent abdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity and predictive values of these various methods were compared.Also the laboratory parameters were statistically analyzed and compared between groups.Results Patients with BA had significantly higher GGT values at presentation [(743.5 ± 564) IU/L] compared with infants with IHS [(198.8 ± 197.8) IU/L],showing statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the ultrasound in diagnosis of BA were 84.0％ 、100.0％ 、88.6％ respectively(P ＜ 0.05).The values for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography were 82.0％ 、80.0％ 、81.4％ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Currently,the method of ultrasound is more reliable than MRCP for differentiating biliary atresia from infant hepatitis syndrome.

To control the quality of Maca, the quality standard was established in this study. According to the methods recorded in the Appendix of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 Edition), the water, extract, total ash, acid insoluble substance, and heavy metals inspections in Lepidium meyenii were carried out. N-benzyl-9Z, 12Z-octadecadienamide in L. meyenii was identified by TLC, and it was determined by HPLC. The results showed that the N-benzyl-9Z, 12Z-octadecadienamide identification of TLC was a strong mark and specificity. In content determination experiment, the linearity of N-benzyl-9Z, 12Z-octadecadienamide was in the range of 0.01-2 microg (r = 0.9998), and the average recovery (n=9) was 99.27% (RSD 2.0%). The methods were simple, accurate, with good reproducibility. It is suitable for quality control L. meyenii.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; methods ; Lepidium ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry

Functional constipation (FC) is a common functional bowel disorder disease that affects life quality of a large number of people. This study aimed to explore the impact of different intensities of electro-acupuncture (EA) treatment for FC patients. Totally, 111 patients with FC meeting the Rome III criteria were randomly assigned to different intensities of EA groups (low and high intensity of EA groups) and medicine-controlled (MC) group. In EA groups, patients were treated with EA at quchi (LI11) and shangjuxu (ST37) bilaterally for 4 weeks, 5 times/week in the first 2 weeks, and 3 times/week in the last 2 weeks. In MC group, 5 mg mosapride citrate was administered orally 3 times/day for 4 weeks. Spontaneous bowel movement frequency each day was recorded using a constipation diary. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were used to assess the patients' psychological state. Cortisol (CORT), substance P (SP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were evaluated at baseline and at the end of 4 weeks after treatment. As compared with the baseline, there was statistically significant increase in stool frequency every week (P<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups. As compared with the baseline, after 4 weeks of EA therapy, the scores of SDS and serum levels of CORT were decreased significantly in low intensity of EA group (P<0.01), and the serum levels of SP and VIP were increased significantly (P<0.05); the scores of SAS and SDS and serum levels of CORT were decreased significantly in high intensity of EA group (P<0.05), and the serum levels of SP and VIP were increased significantly (P<0.05); the serum levels of CORT and VIP were increased significantly in MC group (P<0.05). As compared with MC group, after 4 weeks of treatment, the serum levels of SP were signifcicantly increased in low intensity of EA group (P<0.01). Low and high intensities of EA could increase the stool frequency, improve the FC patient's anxiety and depression, reduce the serum levels of CORT, and increase the serum levels of SP and VIP effectively. It is concluded that both low and high intensities of EA are effective for FC patients, but there is no significant difference between the low and high intensities of EA.

Objective To investigate changes in CD_4~+ CD_(28)~(null)T cell numbers of peripheral blood and the expression of perforin in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods Sixty-eight patients with acute coronary syndromes,56 with stable angina and 65 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study.CD_4~+ CD_(28)~(null)T lymphocytes were measured by flow cytometric analysis.Results The numbers of CD_4~+ CD_(28)~(null)T lymphocytes in patients with acute coronary syndromes were higher than those in patients with stable angina and in the control subjects(11.6 % vs 2.84% and 0.59%,P

BACKGROUND: Fibrin glue has been demonstrated to function as a kind of biomaterial with high quality. It has been used in nerve tissue engineering and proved to be a kind of scaffold for some cells.OBJECTIVE: To explore the biocompatibility of fibrin glue and olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs).DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro control trial based on cytology was performed at the Institute of Neurobiology,Nantong University from August 2007 to February 2008.MATERIALS: Fibrin glue was made of fibrin and catalyst, and OECs derived from rats' olfactory bulb were normally primary-cultured.METHODS: OECs were divided into control (OECs clone spheres were cultured alone) and in fibrin glue (OECs clone spheres were cultured and combined with fibrin glue) groups. After 1 week of culture, the proliferation of OECs were observed by convert microscope and detected by S-100 immunofluorescence histochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME M EASURES: OECs morphology, cell count, the area of the cell bodies and the perimeter of the cell were determined.RESULTS: OECs could survive, migrate in fibrin glue, and float in the fibrin glue in the lower layer. After 7 days of incubation, cell body exhibited fusiform or triangle, predominantly bipolar or bipolar. The number of the S-100 positive cells was more, and cell bodies were larger in fibrin glue group than control group (P < 0.05). However, there was no obvious difference between two groups in cell perimeter (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Fibrin glue has good biocompatibility with OECs, and OECs can survive and migrate in fibrin glue.

Objective To investigate the status about non-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and the effect on quality of life. Methods 50 PD patients and 50 normal controls were investigated with the NMS questionnaire and the Healthy Survey short form (SF-36), and analysed with Spearman correlation. Results 98% of PD patients presented NMS, and recent memory loss, restless legs,constipation were the most frequent. All the NMS were more frequent than in the controls (P<0.05) except sexual desire, sexual difficulties and nausea or vomiting. All the dimensions of SF-36 were significantly different between the groups (P<0.05). The symptoms of constipation,decline in recent memory, decreased attention, restless legs and sleep disorders correlated with the scores of SF-36 (P<0.05). Conclusion NMS is common in PD patients, and impacts their quality of life.

OBJECTIVEIt is demonstrated that excessive activation of NF-κB is central to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Zinc finger protein A20 (A20) is a key player in the negative feedback regulation of NF-κB signaling in response to multiple stimuli and has been described as central gatekeeper in inflammation and immunity. Mice genetically deficient in A20 develop severe intestinal inflammation and have increased susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Few studies have been done to explore the role of A20 in the pathogenesis of IBD. To clarify the relationship between intestinal inflammation and the expression level of A20 in IBD patients, the expression level of A20 and a series of inflammatory cytokines, such as NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-8, in children with IBD and controls were examined.

METHODTerminal ileal mucosal samples were obtained via endoscopy. Fifty-seven mucosal samples were divided into 4 groups: normal control group (n = 16), IBD remission group (n = 12), IBD active group (n = 13) and non-IBD enteritis group (n = 16). According to disease activity index scores, the IBD patients were divided into IBD remission group and IBD active group. Normal control group was consisted of patients with functional bowel disorders or intestinal polyps. Non-IBD enteritis was defined as changes in which endoscopy and histological examination showed inflammatory changes but could not be diagnosed as IBD. Real-time PCR was adopted for detecting the mRNA levels of A20, IL-6 and IL-8. Meanwhile immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of A20 and NF-κB.

RESULT(1) The expression of A20 and NF-κB were very low in normal control group, but significantly up-regulated in IBD active group and non-IBD enteritis group (P < 0.01 for both); (2) Compared with normal control group, expression of NF-κB [(9.35 ± 4.84)% vs. (0.57 ± 0.44)%, P < 0.01], IL-6 (t' = 1.34, P > 0.05), IL-8 (t = 1.38, P > 0.05) increased in IBD remission group, while the expression of A20 in both mRNA (t = 1.03, P > 0.05) and protein levels [(0.36 ± 0.18)% vs. (0.87 ± 0.29)%, P < 0.01] decreased; (3) Compared with non-IBD enteritis group, although the expression of NF-κB [(24.17 ± 11.27)% vs. (55.29 ± 21.84)%, P < 0.01], IL-6 (t = 2.22, P < 0.05), IL-8 (t = 2.97, P < 0.01) were highly increased in IBD active group, the expression of A20 in both mRNA(t = 2.26, P < 0.05) and protein levels [(29.23 ± 11.70)% vs. (16.81 ± 5.90)%, P < 0.01]significantly decreased; (4) The expression of IL-6, IL-8 were similar in IBD remission group and non-IBD enteritis group (both P > 0.05), but the expression of A20 was much lower in both mRNA (t = 4.42, P < 0.01) and protein levels [(29.23 ± 11.70)% vs. (0.47 ± 0.25)%, P < 0.01] in IBD remission group.

CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrate that there is an excessive inflammatory response but insufficient up-regulation of A20 expression in IBD patients. Low levels expression of A20 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBD.

Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Endopeptidases ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism

Objective To determine the serum thyroid hormone level of Uygur patients with local Curtin in southern Xinjiang region, to understand the thyroid function of Curtin disease in terms of diagnosis, treatment and prevention and to provide a background information.Methods One hundred and eighty-eight Uygur endemic cretinism were selected as cases [divided into neuval (144), myxedematous (19), mixed type groups (25)], 121 local healthy people as control group, 125 mothers of the case group as mother group from southern Xinjiang region from September 2014 to October 2014, 3 ml venous blood sample was collected of each subject, serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), tyroxine (T4), free triiodothyonine (FT3), free tyroxine (FT4), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (A-TG), and thyroid peroxidase antibody (A-TPO) levels were tested.Results There were statistically significant differences of the thyroid function index (T3, T4, FT3, FT4) between the four groups (neural, myxedematous type, mixed type cretinism patients and control groups, F =22.92, 42.58, 38.84, 56.31, 103.29, all P ＜ 0.05).Levels of T3, T4, FT3, FT4 [(2.41 ± 0.48), (118.72 ± 20.92)nmol/L, (5.25 ± 0.98), (15.81 ± 2.60)pmol/L] in neural type patients were significantly higher than those of myxedematous type patients [(1.51 ± 0.73), (39.25 ±16.95)nmol/L, (3.02 ± 1.05), (6.42 ± 1.99)pmol/L], TSH was lower than that of myxedematous type patients [(2.26 ±1.04) vs.(58.56 ± 24.83)mU/L, all P ＜ 0.05];mixed type patients T3, T4, FT3, FT4 [(2.38 ± 0.38), (120.77 ±21.55)nmol/L, (5.14 ± 0.83), (15.58 ± 2.99)pmol/L] were significantly higher than those of myxedematous type patients, TSH was lower than that of myxedematous type patients [(2.83 ± 0.91) vs.(58.56 ± 24.83) mU/L, all P ＜0.05];myxedematous type patients T3, T4, FT3, FT4 were significantly lower than those of control group [(2.53 ± 0.50),(121.93 ± 22.01)nmol/L, (5.49 ± 0.82), (15.93 ± 2.76) pmol/L], and TSH was higher than that of control group [(2.94 ± 1.17)mU/L, all P ＜ 0.05].TSH of neural type patients [(2.05 ± 1.45)mU/L] was lower than that of mother group [(2.27 ± 1.63)mU/L, t =10.57, P ＜ 0.05];T3, T4, FT3, FT4 of myxedematous type patients [(1.81 ± 0.66),(56.73 ± 29.56)nmol/L, (2.97 ± 1.34), (5.95 ± 2.74)pmol/L] were significantly lower than those of mother group [(2.16 ± 0.35), (125.48 ± 24.78)nmol/L, (4.29 ± 0.42), (14.90 ± 2.38)pmol/L], and TSH of mother group [(2.35 ±0.56)mU/L] was lower than that of myxedematous type patients [(57.72 ± 44.69)mU/L, t =7.59, 7.07, 16.07, 10.95,245.23, all P ＜ 0.05].There was no significant difference in comparison of A-TG and A-TPO in the four groups (x2 =1.60, 3.64, all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The neural type patients and the mixed type patients have normal thyroid function, the myxedematous type patients have obviously lower thyroid function.