Cough is a common respiratory symptom in children.To evaluate severity of cough and the quality-of-life in children with chronic cough,cough scores,generic questionnaires and cough-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires have been developed.Different questionnaires have their own particular features,recently the validity and reliability of the cough-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires are supposed to be high in assessing quality of life,and have been proved to be quite valid and reliable tools.Studies have shown that chronic cough not only affects physical status in children,but also seriously affects their psychological health,social activities and family life negatively.Therefore,evaluating severity of cough and impacting on quality of life contributes to the clinical development of appropriate interventions.

Objective To probe the differences in clinicopathological features between benign and malignant polypoid lesions of the gallbladder.Methods In this study,1396 PLG cases diagnosed by postoperative pathology between 2007.1 to 2009.12 were enrolled.Cases were divided into three groups according to the pathological classification:1339 cases of benign proliferative diseases ;42 cases of adenoma,15 cases of malignant disease.Comparing the clinical characteristics of the three groups,we screened out the risk factors for malignant transitions.Results Age (F =8.090,P =0.000),size of polyp (F =102.61,P =0.000),single vs multiple lesions (x2 =214.25,P =0.000),concurrent inflammation (x2 =9.362,P =0.009),and stones (x2 =34.022,P =0.000) were significantly different between the three groups.Conclusions Size of polyps over 0.8 cm,age over 60 years,single polyp,accompanied by stones and inflammation were the risk factors for malignancy in gallbladder polypoid lesions.

Objective] To analyse the course of treatment based on differentiation of signs of Hashimoto thyroiditis combined with many diseases, offering treating thought and medication experiences. [Method] Trace back and state the relative documents about the general conditions, diagnosis and therapy, symptoms-pointed treatment of 1 case of Hashimoto thyroiditis combined with many diseases, introducing Pro. Wumin's clinical experience in treating the patient. [Result] The patient was early or late diagnosed as fatness, hyperlipemia, hyperinsulinemia, sub-clinical Hypothyrea, thyroid nodule and type-2 diabetes, Pro. Wumin combined TCM with WM, the patient was control ed the diseases and kept stable. [Conclusion] Combination of TCM and WM treating Hashimoto thyroiditis accompanied with diseases above has good cure effect, the patient is satisfied with the improvement and result.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of IgA nephropathy.Methods The clinical data of 2 children with IgA nephropathy were retrospectively analyzed.The pertinent literatures were reviewed.Results In 2 males aged 6 and 7 years,the clinical features were a large amount of proteinuria (mainly albumin),low serum albumin,high cholesterol,and persistent microscopic hematuria,which were in line with the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.The effects of hormone and immunosuppressive therapy were poor.Renal pathology immunofluorescence and light microscopy findings were in accord with mild to moderate mesangial proliferative IgA nephropathy (M1E0S0T0).Electron microscope showed glomerular basement membrane lesions (layering,breakage,and uneven thickness),which could not exclude Alport syndrome.Further gene detection confirmed a pathogenic mutation of COL4A5.Conclusions It is rare that IgA nephropathy is combined IgA nephropathy at the same time.Attention should by paid to those who had a poor effect of treatment or had a related family history in IgA patients because it is possible that IgA nephropathy and IgA nephropathy may occurred at the same time.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of different forms of triamcinolone acetonide( TA) in the treatment of buccal erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP). Methods:120 EOLP patients were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=30) and treated with Kangfuxin mouth-wash followed by topical ointment of( TA) , TA injection, TA mouth-wash and only Kangfuxin mouth-wash only, respectively. Before treatment, 1, 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, the pain (VAS score) and erosion area were measured, the effects were compared among groups. Results:The VAS scores of A, B and C groups were significantly lower than those of the control group after 1, 2 and 4 week treatment, and the total effective rate was significantly higher than that of the control group, respectively(P<0. 05). The VAS score was lower and total effective rate was higher in group A and group B than those in group C(P<0. 05), but there was no statistically sig-nificant difference between group A and B(P>0. 05). The average erosion area of group A and B was significantly smaller than that of the control group after 1, 2 and 4 week treatment(P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between group C and the control group after 1 and 2 week treatment(P>0. 05), but 4 weeks after treatment, the average area of erosion of group C was significantly smaller than that of the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion:Triamcinolone acetonide is effective in the treatment of OLP and the oral oint-ment form is safe and convenient for OLP treatment.

Objective To explore the clinical features of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome caused by NPHS2 gene mutation. Methods The clinical data of two pediatric patients with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome were retrospectively analyzed. The pertinent literatures were reviewed. Results Both patients were male with onset age at 2 and 3 years old. The clinical features were heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hypercholesterolemia, which met the diagnostic criteria of nephrotic syndrome. Renal pathology found one patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and other with minimal-change. Both of them suffered from recurrent inguinal hernioplasty and one was accompanied with hypoplasia of left testis. Gene detection verified a NPHS2 gene mutation. Both of them were hormone resistant at the beginning of onset and later hormone combined with different kinds of immunosuppressive therapy was still ineffective. Both of them entered the end-stage of renal disease 3 years after onset. Conclusions For male pediatric patients with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome, combined with non-renal manifestations such as multiple hernia or testicular abnormalities, the possibility of the hereditary nephrotic syndrome caused by NPHS2 mutations should be considered.

Autoimmune disease is an own organization inflammatory lesions,mainly caused by destroying the adaptive immune tolerance mechanism of differentiatingself andnon-self,whose character is appearing the autoantibodies and self-reactive T cells in the body.Autoinflammatory disease is a group of genetic,recurrent and noninvasive inflammatory disease,whose characteristics are fever,rash,joint pain,arthritis,ophthalmic pathological changes and increasing of acute phase proteins,and it can affect many organ systems.These diseases are different in the mode of onset and clinical manifestations,but also can have similar and overlapped symptoms and signs,and often confused with other systemic diseases.Therefore,clinical misdiagnoses or missed diagnoses easily occur.To understand correctly and master the laboratory examination characteristics and its clinical is essential,which has significant value in the clinical diagnosis,differential diagnosis,evaluation and treatment of these diseases.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common form of secondary endocrine hypertension,which is characterized by hypertension,hypokelamia,myathenia,elevated serum aldosterone concentration and suppressed plasma renin activity.Besides,accumulating research evidences showed that parathyroid hormone (PTH) level was elevated in patients with primary aldosteronism,accompanied by secondary hyperparathyroidism.This review systemically introduces the interaction between aldosterone and PTH in PA patients.

Eighty simple obesity patients were treated by electoacupuncturing Tianshu(ST 25), Shuidao(ST 28), Shuifen(CV 9), Guanyuan(CV 4), Daheng(SP 15), Huaroumen(ST 24),Daimai (GB 26), Quchi(LI 11), Hegu(LI 4), Liangqiu(ST 34) and Zusanli(ST 36). The results showed remarkable effect in 14 cases, middle effect in 38 cases, common effect in 23 cases and failure in 5 cases.

Objective:To screen clinical pharmacists’ intervention points in the medical order safety management according to the classification of irrational medical order, ranking of risk and causes analysis in order to provide ideas and reference for clinical pharma-cists. Methods:The prior interventions and post reviews were conducted on medical orders in an intensive care unit of the hospital from July to December in 2014. Results:A total of 224 medical records and 6583 medical orders were intervened, reviewed and audi-ted. Among the medical orders, 653 cases were irrational with a ratio up to 9. 92%. The 653 irrational medical orders were mainly classified with incompatibility, inappropriate dosage and irrelevant combinations, and mainly D level errors according to the risk rating. Most of the irrational medical orders were due to the lack of professional knowledge. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists should partici-pate in medical order safety management including interfering drug compatibility, dosage and combination therapy, which can reduce or even avoid the error occurrence in medical orders and promote safe and reasonable medication through reasonable medication training and prior interventions.