Objective To investigate perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in arthroscopic surgery in a hospital before and after intervention,evaluate intervention efficacy,and provide evidence for the rational clinical antimicro-bial application.Methods From August 2012,measures were taken to intervene perioperative antimicrobial use, perioperative antimicrobial use and surgical site infection(SSI)in 312 patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery be-tween September 2011 and August 2013 were retrospectively surveyed.Results A total of 312 patients were investi-gated,pre-and post-intervention were 150 and 162 cases respectively,SSI rates were both 0 before and after inter-vention. Antimicrobial usage rate after intervention was lower than before intervention (26.54% vs 100.00% ,χ2=1.781,P<0.001). Irrational antimicrobial use dropped obviously;average expense of antimicrobial agents dropped from (1165.69±756.33)yuan (RMB)before intervention to (32.71 ±119.29)yuan (RMB)after intervention (t= 3.330,P<0.001).Conclusion Perioperative antimicrobial usage rate in arthroscopic surgery at this hospital decreased significantly after intervention,rational use of antimicrobial agents has improved,SSI rate still remains zero.

Objective To study the association of the serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(SICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(SVCAM-1) with metabolic syndrome(MS) and its components. Methods The MS was defined by criteria of the international diabetes federation. The levels of SICAM-1 ,SVCAM-1,plasma glucose,insulin,lipids,uric acid, glycosylated haemoglobin A(1C), and blood viscosity were measured. Results The concentrations of SICAM-1 and SVCAM-1 were significantly higher in subjects with MS and its components than in those without them. The concentrations of SICAM-1 and SVCAM-1 were correlated positively with disorder number of BMI, WHR, SBP, DBP,FPG, 2 hour plasma glucose, triglyceride, uric acid, HbA1c, blood viscosity and HOMA-IR,and negatively with high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions The concentrations of SICAM-1 and SVCAM-1 rise with the increase of the number of MS components. Endothelial dysfunction might participate in the occurrence and development of MS.

Bioactive peptides in the marine organisms such as sponges,ascidian,fishes,shellfish,etc. and their bioactivities of antineoplastic, antimicrobial, antihypertension and antioxidation were reviewed in this paper.

Objective To assess the efficiency of algae extermination by the combined copper electrolysis technology. Methods The combined copper electrolysis technology and copper sulphate were used to treat the Synechocystissp strain PCC6803 in the steady stage of culture in different time and the efficiency of algae extermination was assessed. Results No alga in the water sample was detected after 0.5 and 1 hour of treatment with copper electrolysis technology and copper sulphate respectivly as the concentration of Cu2+ was at 0.3 mg/L. The extermination rate of algae was 80.75% after 12 days of treatment of combined copper electrolysis. This technology could effectively decrease the turbidity, smell, COD, ammonia nitrogen and increase the dissolved oxygen in the treated water. Conclusion The Cu2+ released by copper electrolyzing has a stronger efficiency of algae extermination compared with copper sulfate. The combined copper electrolysis technology will be a satisfactory method for algae extermination in the landscape water.

Objective To investigate the difference of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)concentrations in subjects with various glucose tolerances,and to analyze the correlation with insulin resistance.Methods A total of 90 subjects,who came from the Medical Examination Center of the First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from Oct.2004 to Apr.2005,were divided into five groups according to oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT):normal glucose tolerance(NGT)group;impaired fasting glucose(IFG)group;impaired glucose tolerance(IGT)group;IFG and IGT(IGT/IFG)group;newly diagnosed,complication-free type 2 diabetes(T2DM)group.By using the ELISA methods,the concentration of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)was measured in these subjects,and its correlation with homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)was andlysed.Results The concentration of hs-CRP was significantly higher in IFG,IFG/IGT,T2DM than in NGT.The concentration of hs-CRP was positively correlated with glucose metabolism index and insulin resistance index.Conclusion Our study demonstrates that inflammation already exists not only in T2DM patients but also in subjects with IFG.Inflammation might participate in the occurance and development of T2DM.

To explore the adhesion of peripheral blood lymphocytes and eosinophils and lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMEC) in asthma. Guinea pigs were divided into asthma model group and control group; the adhesion rates of isolated peripheral lymphocytes, eosinophils and the cultured LMEC monolayers were assayed.The mRNA expressions of VCAM 1 and eotaxin in LMEC were determined by RT PCR.The DNA binding activities of NF ?B and AP 1 of LMEC were detected by electrophoretic mobility shifts assay (EMSA). Under the stimulation with serum of asthma group:①the adhesion rates of lymphocytes, activated eosinophils and LMEC were significantly elevated( P

ObjectiveTo estimate the value of CT virtual colonoscopy (CTVC) and its image postprocessing techniques in the diagnosis of colorectal diseases.MethodsCTVC images of 84 patients with suspected colorectal diseases were retrospectively analyzed combined with multiple planar reconstruction (MPR),shaded surface display(SSD) and transparent image reconstruction.The location,size,shape and type of the lesions were analyzed and the images were compared with electronic colonoscopy and pathologic specimen finding.ResulltsFify-nine of 84 patients were diagnosed as coloretal cancer (23 cases with cancer in sigmoid colon,22 cases in rectum,11 cases in ascending colon and 3 cases in appendix),8 cases were porctopolypus,3 cases were multiple colonic diverticula,1 case was hemorrhoids,13 cases were normal.All the diagnosis was confirmed correct by operation pathology or clinic.ConclusionCTVC can show the shape and other features of colorectal diseases,and has important significance for clinical staging and surgical planning of colorectal cancer.

Humans ; Papillon-Lefevre Disease

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by a genetically novel coronavirus that is caused by acute infectious disease. It is not yet clear for the immunology function of SARS patients in their convalescent stage.OBJECTIVE: To study the effects on T lymphocyte, and the titer profiling of 24 T cell receptor (TCR) V β subfamilies expressions in SARS convalescent patients.DESIGN: A self-control observation.SETTING: Central Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-six cured SARS patients who received treatment in the Second Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January and April 2003. All the patients corresponded to "clinical diagnostic criteria of atypical pneumonia", " diagnostic criteria of severe atypical pneumonia and discharge criteria" and "clinical diagnostic criteria and discharge criteria of severe acute respiratory syndrome". The involved patients, 30 male and 46 female, averaged (32±11 (years old. Another 10 subjects who simultaneously received health examination in the same hospital, 5 male and 5 female, aged (32±7(years, were involved in the study. Informed consents of detected items were obtained from all the subjects.METHODS：①Detecting the expression of 24 T cell receptor(TCR)V β subfamilies in SARS convalescent patients：Peripheral blood(2 mL) was collected from the healthy convalescent subjects,and EDTA-K2 was used as anticoagulant．In the flow cytometry delection tubes．10 μL various fluorescein-labeled mAb，such as anti-CD3,anti-CD4，anti-CD8,anti-CD25，anti-CD28，anti-HLA-DR，anti-CD3mAb conjugated with PC5，TCR Vβ1(PE+FITC)．Vβ2(PE+FITC)。Vβ3 (FITC)，Vβ4(PE+FITC)，Vβ5．1(PE+FITC),Vβ5．2(PE),Vβ5．3(PE)，Vβ7．1(PE+FITC)，Vβ7．2(FITC),Vβ8(FITC),Vβ9 (PE)，Vβ11(PE)，Vβ12(FITC)，Vβ13．1(PE),Vβ13．2(PE),Vβ13．6(PE+FITC)，Vβ14(FITC),Vβ16(FITC),Vβ17 (PE+FITC)，Vβ18(PE)，Vβ20(FITC)，Vβ21．3(FITC),Vβ22(PE+FITC)and Vβ23(PE)，was added in special flow tubes,and then 50 μL whole blood was added．The mixed solution was incubated away from light for 15 minutes．After erythrocytolysin being added，mixed solution was washed．Finally．cell deposit was dissolved in 300 μl phosphate buffer solution (PBS)．Coulter ESP flow cytometer was used for detection．For the analysis of TCR expression,an electronic gate was set on these cells and at least 5000 events per sample were collected．Three-color cytofluodmetric analysis was performed using a Coulter ESP flow cytometer．②Detecting the T cell subset,activated T and B cells,and the percentage of Ts and Tc cells：5000 cells were collected and used to calculate the expression of T cells (CD3,CD4 and CD8),the activated T and B cells(CD3+／CD25+,CD3+/HLA-DR+ and CD3-／HLA-DR+),as well as the percentage of Ts and Tc cells by Coulter ESP flow cytometer and its software．MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：①The change of T cell subset(CD3，CD4，and CD8)from SARS convalescent patients．②The change of activated T and B cells(CD3+／CD25+，CD3+／HLA-DR+ and CD3-／HLA-DR+)．③The percentage of Ts and Tc cells(CD8+／CD28+，CD8+/CD28-)in convalescent patients．④Analysis of the 24 TCR V β subfamilies from SARS patients in convalescence．RESULTS：All data were explored to analyze the expression profiling of 24 TCR Vβ subfamilies,the data from 74 SARSpatients and 10 healthy controls were explored to other result analysis．①The detecting results of T celI subset：The percentage of CD4+T cell mean value was lower than the reference value[(33．33±6．64)％ vs．(43±9)％，P＜0．01]．The percentage of CD8+T cell mean value was higher than the refefence value[(34．07±6．40)％ vs．(30±9)％,P＜0．01]．② The expression of activated T and B cells：Percentage of HLA-DR+ T and B cell was Increased while the percentage of CD25+ T-cell was decreased compared with reference values．In 53 out of 74 patients,the percentage of CD25+ T cells was lower than the reference value,and 64 patients had a lower percentage in CD3+/CD25+ T cells．The percentages of CD3+/HLA-DR+ and CD3-／HLA-DR+ cells were higher than the normal reference value．T cells expressing higher CD3+／HLA-DR+ were found in 36 patients，and T cells expressing higher CD3-/HLA-DR+ were found in 30 patients．③The ratios of Ts and Tc cells：The percentage of Ts cells which expressed CD8+／CD28- was increased compared with reference value [(28．75±7．31)％ vs．(15．99±5．1)％，P＜0．01],while the percentage of Tc cells which expressed CD8+／CD28+ was decreased [(5．99±3．60)％ vs．(13．2±4．1)％，P＜0．01]．Thirty-nine patients were found to possess the lower Tc cells and forty-eight patients were found to possess the higher Ts cells．The ratios of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were in the normal reference value．④24 TCR Vβ subfamilies expressions in T cells：It was noteworthy that Vβ14 had a highest percentage in all 24 Subfamilies,and followed by Vβ 5．3,and Vβ 23 in the convalescent patients．The percentage of Vβ 14 was the highest in the normal controls,which was consistent with the results of SARS patients．But the other subfamilies expression patterns were different．There were significant differences between Vβ1,Vβ5．2,Vβ5．3,Vβ7．2，Vβ9，Vβ11,Vβ13．1,Vv13．2，Vβ17,Vβ18，Vβ22 and Vβ23．In the convalescent period，each TCR Vβ expression of SARS patients was higher than that of controls(P＜0．05-0．01)．CONCLUSION:In SARS convalescent patients,the increased CD8+CD28- T cell may elevate CD8+ T cell number;Meanwhile.the reduced CD3+ and CD4+ T cell number may be corresponding to the increased Ts cell number．For some inhibiting factor secreted by Ts cell was also increased．The usage pattern of 24 TCR Vβ subfamilies in SARS patients is different from that of control group．The increase of percentage of CD3+／HLA-DR+ and CD3-／HLA-DR+ T cell may be related to the late response of activated T and B cells.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic response of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for primary HCC using 18 F-FDG PET/CT.Methods Twenty-four HCC patients (21males,3 females; age range:40 to 75 years,mean age:58.1 years) with high uptake of 18F-FDG on pretreatment PET/CT and with follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT 1-2 months post TACE were retrospectively analyzed.A lesion was regarded as positive for HCC if it had higher FDG uptake than the surrounding liver parenchyma.All patients were followed for 3 months by clinical symptoms,AFP and 18F-FDG PET/CT.x2 test was used to analyze the difference between the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT and AFP.Results On follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT,9 patients had lower 18F-FDG uptake than the surrounding liver parenchyma,indicating no residual tumor; while 11 patients with residual tumor showed higher uptake of FDG than the liver background though the uptake was lower than that of baseline PET/CT.Two patients with isometabolic FDG uptake were confirmed of having residual tumor during follow-up.One case showed increased 18F-FDG uptake more than that of baseline,indicating disease progression.One case was false positive for residual tumor due to over attenuation correction in the presence of lipiodol.The sensitivity and accuracy for the detection of residual tumor by 18F-FDG PET/CT and AFP were 100％ (14/14) vs 71.4％ (10/14),and 95.8％(23/24) vs 70.8％(17/24) (x2 =6.56 and 4.18,both P＜0.05),respectively.Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT is useful to evaluate the efficacy of TACE for 18F-FDG-avid HCC and it may provide important information for further treatment planning.