Objective To explore the levels of interferon ?(IFN-?) and interleukin-10(IL-10) in sera and in hepatitis B virus(HBV) core antigen(HBcAg) stimulated culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) from chronic HBV carriers children and their clinical significance.Methods Five milliliter peripheral blood was collected from 21 HBeAg-positive children(group A),20 HBeAg-negative children(group B) and 19 normal controls(group C),sera and PBMC was isolated,after 72 h culture of PBMC with HBcAg or not.The levels of IFN-? and IL-10 in sera and in HBcAg stimulated or not stimulated culture supernatants of PBMC were detected.Results The level of sera IFN-? had no difference between each group;the sera level of IL-10 in group A and B were significantly higher than that of group C.The level of IFN-? in HBcAg stimulated culture supernatants of PBMC from group B and C were higher than that from group A;while IL-10 levels in HBcAg stimulated culture supernatants from group A and B were higher than that from group C.Conclusions The level of IL-10 and the lower reactivity to HBcAg of PBMC play roles in the mechanisms of chronic HBV carriers children.

Tumorigenesis is a complex process that is regulated by a variety of network signals. With the continuous development of the process, tumor cells gradually exhibit lots of hallmarks.Tumor cells have the characteristics of unlimited proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, evading immune surveillance, among others. As a unique organelles, mitochondria play an important role in cellular energy metabolism, reactive oxygen species producing and apoptosis process. Particularly, mitochondria have a close relationship with tumor development. In this review, we focus on the essential role of mitochondria in tumor cells development.
Animals ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; physiology ; Neoplasms ; etiology ; genetics ; physiopathology ; Tumor Microenvironment ; physiology

BACKGROUND: Formerly, it was thought that the damaged hair cells could not have the repair ability. Recent studies demonstrate that mammal vestibule hair cells also possess certain repair ability after being destroyed.Then, whether mammalia animal cochlea hair cells possess regenerative ability after being destroyed is disputed.OBJECTIVE: To observe cochlear hair cells condition and threshold value change of auditory brainstem response (ABR) at different time following gentamicin ototoxicity by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique combined with ABR test, so as to investigate whether cochlear hair cells of mammals can be regenerated after being injured.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Physiology, Shenyang Medical College.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Hearing Research Room of China Medical University from November 2001 to May 2002. Totally 60 healthy adult white Guinea pigs, with red eyes and sensitive auricle reflex, of clean degree, were used and randomly divided into gentamicin group and normal control group with 30 guinea pigs in each one.METHODS: 100 mg/kg gentamicin was intraperitoneally daily injected into the guinea pigs, serving as gentamicin group. Same volume of normal saline (2.5 mL/kg) was intraperitoneally daily injected into the guinea pigs,serving as normal control group. All the guinea pigs were given medication for 10 successive days. Threshold value of ABR was detected respectively pre-operatively and at the 1st, 3rd, 30th days postoperatively; after withdrawal and execution, scanning electron microscope was used to observe cochlear hair cells of guinea pigs in each group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Threshold value of ABR. ②Cochlear hair cell change of guinea pigs at different time following gentamicin ototoxicity.RESULTS: All the 60 experimental animals entered the stage of result analysis with no loss in the midway. ①At 1,3 and 30 days after withdrawal of gentamicin, threshold value of ABR was significantly higher as compared with normal control group, with significant difference [(38.00±3.75), (2.22 ±3.63) dB nHL,t=30.651, P ＜ 0.001];[(39.09±4.22), (2.50±3.54) dB nHL, t=29.708, P ＜ 0.001];[(14.50±3.69), (1.50±2.42) dB nHL,t =13.175, P ＜ 0.001]. Threshold value of ABR recovered obviously on day 30, but did not reach the normal level. ②On the first day after withdrawal of gentamicin , stereocilium of hair cells in second turn of cochlea of guinea pigs presented fusion, distortion, lodging, loss or incompetence and other pathological changes , especially severe in the third turn , also cystic form protrutions appeared outside the stereocilium of inner hair cell; On day 3 after withdrawal of gentamicin, stereocilium of outer hair cells in the second turn of cochlea of guinea pigs still presented fusion, loss, lodging and other pathological changes. Stereocilium of inner hair cell still showed lodging,but the outside cystic form protrutions decreased; On day 30 after withdrawal of gentamicin, stereocilium of outer hair cells in the second turn of cochlea presented fusion, loss , lodging and other pathological change ,which were obviously weaker than those on the 1st day and 3rd day after withdrawal of gentamicin , and at the same time , new born stereocilium appeared in the third turn of cochlea.CONCLUSION: Cochlear hair cell morphology recovery appears in those which survive for 30 days after cochlear hair cells of guinea pigs are damaged following gentamicin ototoxicity, and threshold value of ABR also recovers to some extent, suggesting that cochlear hair cells possess regenerative and repair ability following gentamicin ototoxicity. Hair cells after gentamicin-induced cochlear damage possess regenerative ability.

Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP)is produced abnormally in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Vitamin K utilizing deficiency and the decreasing activity of vitamin K-dependent γ-glutamyl carboxylate and coenzyme may involve in production of DCP. The enzymes in bepatocellular carcinoma cells are failed in carboxylating all the ten glutamic acid residues in amino- terminus of prothrombin precursor to Gla and make the difference between DCP and prothrombin. DCP is considered to be the marker for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. DCP might also be one of the growth-promoting factors to carcinoma cells. Therefore, inhibition of DCP in hepatocellular carcinoma cells is considered to be the therapeutic method of blocking hepatocellular car-cinoma growth. Vitamin K and its analogs are found to have the functions of inhibiting hepatocellular carcinoma cell producing DCP. The mechanism may relate to the increase of γ-glutamyl carboxylase activity.

Objective To investigate the application of the Doppler echocardiography on the clinical value on the left ventricular myocardial remodel and dysfunction in neonates with hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery hypertension. Methods The Doppler echocardiography (ECHO) datas of 24 neonates of pulmonary diseases with secondary pulmonary artery hypertension were identified by color Doppler echocardiography,and compared with 14 neonates with pulmonary diseases without pulmonary artery hypertension. Results Pulmonary artery systolic pressrure (PASP) (38.23?3.26) mm Hg increased ,the diameter of right ventricular(11.92?2.18)mm vs (7.34?0.93) mm and pulmonary artery(10.20?1.21)mm vs (6.89?0.22) mm and diameter of left ventricular end-diastolic(19.74?0.71)mm vs (14.42?0.32) mm in PAH groups increased significantly ( P 0.05). There was positive correlation between the increased pulmonary artery pressure in pulmonary artery hypertension groups and the AV/EV of the mitral value orifice blood stream ( r=0.4126,P

AIM: To study the changes of K + channels of outer hair cells in guinea pig cochlea with streptomycin ototoxicity. METHODS: Auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and whole-cell patch clamp techniques were used.RESULTS: (1) The body weight of guinea pigs with streptomycin ototoxicity decreased significantly; (2) The ABR threshold markedly increased in streptomycin group (Ⅱ,Ⅲ);(3)The number of dissociated outer hair cells of guinea pigs (Ⅱ,Ⅲ) was lower than that of control (Ⅰ); (4) Streptomycin decreased the Ca 2+ -sensitive K + currents and delayed outward K + currents distinctly; (5) There was no significant difference of K + currents between Ⅰ and Ⅱ/Ⅲ. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the inhibition of K + channels is the basis of streptomycin ototoxicity, but not the direct reason for cell death.

Objective To observe the effect of tetraethylplyrazine(TMP) on outward K~+ channel of outer hair cells in guinea pig cochlea.Methods 60 guinea pigs were divided into 6 groups randomly in the experiment.Auditory brainstem response was used to monitor the change of ABR thresholds and patch clamp techniques to observe the effect of TMP on outward K~+ channel.Results TMP decreased the elevated ABR threshold caused by streptomycin. The TMP increased the amplitudes of calcium sensitive potassium channels (I_ K(Ca) ) and delayed outward potassium channels (IK) of outer hair cells of guinea pig cochlea.Conclusion The study indicates that TMP may act as a protective agent against ototoxicity of streptomycin. The amplitudes of I_ K(Ca) and IK of outer hair cells are increased by the TMP,suggesting the possible mechanisms of reducing ototoxicity.

55 ?s ranged from 5 0%～100 0% (mean 60 6%) The ratio of block ranged from 0 0%～90 0% (mean 29 3%) FD ranged from 1 4～4 0 (mean 2 56) There were remarkably increased jitter, block and FD in 51 patients with definite or probable ALS It was also found that there was a negative correlation between extensor digitorum communis strength grades and the ncreased jitter with or without block and FD ( P

Objective: To explore the mechanism of anti-aging effect of acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36). Methods: Thirty mice of 28 weeks old were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, model group and acupuncture group. Sub-acute aging model was established by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose. The activity of Superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and content of serum Malondialdehyde(MDA) were measured. Morphological changes of jejunal mucosa were observed with light microscope. Result: SOD activity in the acupuncture group was highest among the three groups, whereas, MDA content was the lowest. In the model group, the ratio of normal intestinal villus was decreased, the intestinal villus was shrunk, and there were more epithelial cells desquamated. In acupuncture group, there were less abnormal intestinal villus and epithelial cell. Conclusion: Acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) has an effect in resisting aging by increasing the activity of serum SOD, decreasing the MDA contents, and improving the intestinal villus.

Objective To study the role and mechanism of microRNA-16(miR-16)in the proliferation,invasion and apoptosis of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells in vitro.Methods The SKOV-3 cells were transfected with miR-16 mimics or negative control RNA(NC)by lipofectamine 2000.The expression of miR-16 was detected by real-time reverse transcription(RT)-PCR in SKOV-3 cells,and western blot was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)and bcl-2 protein.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT),5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)and transwell assay were used to determine the proliferation and invasion abilities.And the rate of apoptotic cell was detected by flow cytometry method.Results(l)The expression level of miR16 in the transfection cells group was significantly higher than that in NC group(125.93 ± 15.30 versus 0.78 ± 0.16,P ＜ 0.01).(2)The rclative expression level of VEGF protein in transfection cells,NC and blank control group was 0.58 ± 0.05,1.22 ± 0.03,1.20 ± 0.03,MMP-2 protein was 0.63 ± 0.03,1.16 ±0.03,1.21 ± 0.03,and bel-2 protein 0.52 ± 0.03,1.19 ± 0.05,1.28 ± 0.06,respectively.The level of VEGF,MMP-2 and bcl-2 protein in the transfection group were lower than those in other control groups,and there were significantly differences among them(all P ＜0.01).(3)After transfected 4 days,the inhibition rate of cell proliferation in the transfection group was dramatically higher than that in NC group[(37.2 ±6.2)％ versus(3.6 ± 3.2)％,P =0.001].(4)The percentage rate of proliferative cells in the transfection,NC and blank control group was(12.3 ± 0.8)％,(23.4 ± 1.8)％,(31.1 ± 4.9)％.And it was lower in the transfection group(P ＜ 0.05).(5)Decreased cells via the transwell member in the transfection group(6 ± 3)were detected as compared with NC group(40 ± 9)and blank control group (48 ± 8,P ＜ 0.01).(6)Twenty-four hours after cultured in serum starvation and hypoxia,the rate of the viable and late apoptotic cells in the transfection group were significantly higher than those in NC group and blank control group[the rate of viable apoptotic cell was(16.9 ± 2.1)％,(10.3 ± 1.7)％ and(9.0 ±0.8)％ respectivcly,P＜0.01;the rate of late apoptotic cell was(13.4±3.3)％,(3.2 ±1.8)％ and (0.7 ±0.6)％ respectively,P ＜ 0.01].After cultured 48 hours,total apoptotic cells in the transfection group was significantly more than those in other groups(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion miR-16 might inhibit the proliferation,invasion of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells and enhance their sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli via downregulation of the expression of VEGF,MMP-2 and bcl-2 protein.