Objective To investigate the effect of DMARDs on the prevention of early-onset atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) patients for exploring an appropriate schedule to reduce cardiovascular events. Methods Seventy-two patients with early RA were included in this study. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR) and high sensitivity C reactive protein ( hs-CRP) were detected before and after treatment to evaluate inflammation. Carotid intima-media thickness ( cIMT) and endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation (ED-FMD) were monitored. Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints (DAS28) and health assessment questionnaire-disability index ( HAQ-DI) was used to assess severity degree of RA and life quality of the patients, respectively. The patients were treated with methotrexate (MTX), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and sulfasalazine (SSZ) alone or combined based on severity of RA. Results After 1 year of treatment, ESR, hs-CRP, DAS28 and HAQ-DI were significantly improved (all P<0. 01). At the same time, the serum lipid levels also had obvious changes. However, there was no obvious difference in body mass index ( BMI) after 1 year. The cIMT ratio value was significantly decreased compared to baseline (0. 43±0. 08 mm vs. 0. 50±0. 16 mm, P=0. 002), and FMD% also significantly improved from basic value of 5. 26 to 7. 57 after treatment (P=0. 041). Conclusion Early intervention of RA by using DMARDs can effectively control the disease and slow the progression of atherosclerosis, but also reduce cardiovascular mortality.

Objective To abserve the acute toxicity in mice administered with Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid.Methods The maximum administration dosage(MAD)of Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid were determined by administration intragastricly in mice.Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid was administered for 2 weeks,and the growth condition,body weight growth and index of main viscera were measured.Results The index of growth condition,body weight growth and index of main viscera were in normal ranges.Conclusion It could be concluded that Wuweizi Ningshen oral liquid is safe to be administered in the dose prescribed.

Age Distribution ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; statistics & numerical data

Objective To establish the pyrogen removing effect of activated carbon in the technics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injections. Methods The content of bacterial endotoxin concentration was detected by kinetic turdimetric assay to evaluate the effect of removing pyrogen before and after using activated carbon in concentrated solution of TCM injection. Results The activated carbon adsorption rate of Shuanghuanglian concentrated solution≥70%and the activated carbon adsorption rate of Danshen concentrated solution>95%. Conclusion Pyrogen manufacturing process is scientific and rational by adding activated carbon adsorption in powder injection of TCM. The bacterial endotoxin of large doses can't be removed fully by activated carbon adsorption.

Objective To explore the reconstructive methods of benign bone tumor defects in proximal joint. Methods Operative treatment was performed in 11 cases with benign bone tumor defects in proximal joint, a-mong whom 4 cases were treated by curettage,cauterization of wall and bone grafting,3 cases were treated by filling branch through segment fibula transplantation with vascular,2 cases were treated by fibula head transplantation with vascular to reconstruct the glenohumeral joint and rediocarpal joint, and 2 cases were treated by artificial joint re-placement. Results The follow-up ranged from 1.5 to 6 years. All of cases got excellent bone unioned without re-lapse and 2 cases of them developed with little limitation in joint function. Conclusion The importance and recon-structive achievement of fibula transplantation in treating the benign bone tumor defects in proximal joint should be thought fully. The indication of artificial tumor prosthesis replacement should be strictly mastered.

AIM: To investigate the effect of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway after severe diffuse brain injury (DBI) in rats, and to provide base for treatment. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, traumatic group, low dose of inhibitor U0126 treatment group and high dose of inhibitor U0126 treatment group. DBI rat model was established according to the description of Marmarou's diffused brain injury. At 30 min and 1 h, 6 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after injury, morphological changes were observed under light and electronic microscopes. The ERK1/2 phosphorylation and c-Fos were measured by Western blotting. Apoptosis was measured with TUNEL method. Learning and memory function were performed with Morris water maze from 3 days to 7 days after injury. RESULTS: After trauma, some neurons displayed histopathologic changes of necrosis and apoptosis, axon myelin sheath internalization and disconnection. ERK1/2 phosphorylation protein was apparently increased at 30 min after injury, approached peak at 6 h and continued to 24 h. c-fos protein was markedly increased at 30 min after injury, approached peak at 6 h and returned to bottom at 24 h. The number of apoptotic nerve cells increased at 6 h after and approached peak at 72 h. Latencies of searching safety island prolonged. Rats treated with U0126 had reduction in ERK1/2 activity, c-Fos protein, neuronal apoptosis and searching safety island latencies. CONCLUSION: The activated ERK1/2 signaling pathway plays an important role in processing of nerve cell apoptosis after severe DBI.

OBJECTIVETo find out the situation of the implementation on "rules on stop smoking in the public places in Beijing", a study was carried out to compare the results from 1997 and 2001.

METHODSThousands of residents aged above 15 in a family were sampled by stratified sampling, and 4 districts were selected as study locales.

RESULTS(1) About 40% of the department or school leaders considered much about the work on banning of smoking with 70 % of the departments or schools having posters of signs on 'ban on smoking' in the meeting rooms. (2) Some of the departments or schools had inspectors looking after the issue. (3) 60% of the people had never or 10% had seen that the inspectors ever criticizing or punishing the smokers who violating the rules. (4) People still often saw some one would smoke in public (the rates were 19.53% , 37.89% , 6.35% respectively in 1997,2001,2004 ). (5) People received the information of these rules through TV news or newspaper.

CONCLUSIONAlthough success had been achieved since the implementation of the Rules, it did not seem to have had substantial progress.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Public Policy ; Public Sector ; Smoking Prevention

Objective To explore a technical modification by transperineal Da- W anorectoplasty (Da WARP) on treating low, intermediate anorectal anomalies(AA) and to evaluate the results of long - term follow up. Methods Forty six cases of AA underwent a Da-W ARP,which involved preservation of the rectal end of the fistula and invagination of the perineal skin flap through the neoanus.The clinical records were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Results The median follow - up period was 7 years and 2 months. All of them achieved a good fecal continence exception of 1 patient with intermediate AA and associated anomaly,had fair result. Conclusions The Da - WARP is relatively simple and practical methods for surgical treatment of low, intermediate AA, with good long - term results.

Objective To explore atechnical modification bytransperineal Da-Wanorectoplasty(Da-WARP) ontreatinglow,intermedi-ate anorectal anomalies(AA) andto evaluate the results of long-termfollowup.Methods Forty-six cases of AAunderwent a Da-WARP,whichinvolved preservation of the rectal end of the fistula andinvagination of the perineal skinflapthroughthe neoanus.The clinical records werereviewed and analyzedretrospectively.Results The medianfollow-up period was 7 years and 2 months.All of themachieved a goodfecal conti-nence exception of 1 patient withintermediate AAand associated anomaly,hadfair result.Conclusions The Da-WARPis relativelysimple andpractical methods for surgical treatment of low,intermediate AA,with goodlong-termresults.

Objective To explore a technical modification by transperineal Da-W anorectoplasty(Da-W ARP) on treating low,intermediate anorectal anomalies(AA) and to evaluate the results of long-term follow up.Methods Forty-six cases of AA underwent a Da-W ARP,which involved preservation of the rectal end of the fistula and invagination of the perineal skin flap through the neoanus.The clinical records were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively.Results The median follow-up period was 7 years and 2 months.All of them achieved a good fecal continence exception of 1 patient with intermediate AA and associated anomaly,had fair result.Conclusions The Da-W ARP is relatively simple and practical methods for surgical treatment of low,intermediate AA,with good long-term results.